Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vpsfw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T15:01:24.161Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Climbing the Educational Mountain: A Metaphor for Real Culture Change for Indigenous Students in Remote Schools

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2015

Robyn Hewitson*
Affiliation:
School of Education, Charles, Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, 0811, Australia
Get access

Abstract

The history of remote school education in the Northern Territory can best be summarised as years of lost opportunities, pedagogies of discrimination, and diminished lives for those parents and children who trusted and responded to the government’s invitation to come to school. From late 2001 to 2005 historic educational change occurred in the remote Community Education Centre of Kalkaringi and Daguragu in the Northern Territory, the site for the delivery of the Northern Territory’s first Year 12 Indigenous graduates studying in their own community school. At the heart of the historic achievement was a radical change in thinking about education for Indigenous students. This paper discusses some of the policy parameters and educational circumstances that prevented significant change in the delivery model of education for the Community Education Centres in addition to a conceptualisation of how that school circumvented the policy parameters and instituted real change from the ground up. The paper examines, through a critical lens, the nature of the culture change that was crafted and built upon within Kalkaringi School and its communities, despite an initial and significant sense of powerlessness felt by families and to some extent the teachers and principal within the school. Through the development and embrace of a metaphor of possibility and hope - the challenge of climbing the educational mountain formed the foundation for a dedicated and committed enactment of an equitable educational entitlement for remote Indigenous students.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ali, A. Yusuf. (1934). The holy Qur’an; text, translation and commentary [Preface to first edition] Lahore.Google Scholar
Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Alice Springs. (2005, 25 January). Uluru, two cultures and Australia Day. Retrieved 1 October, 2007, from http://www.abc.net.au/alicesprings/stories/sl501893.htm. Google Scholar
Behrendt, L. (2003). Achieving socialjustice: Indigenous rights and Australia’s future. Sydney, NSW: The Federation Press.Google Scholar
Bell, B., Gaventa, J., & Peters, J. (Eds.). (1990). We make the road by walking - Conversations on education and social change: Myles Horton and Paulo Freire. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Bloch, E. (1970). A philosophy of the future. New York, NY: Herder and Herder.Google Scholar
Bloch, E. (1986). The principle of hope (Vol.1, Plaice, N. Plaice, S. & Knight, P. Trans.). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
Cajete, G. (1994). Look to the mountain: An ecology of Indigenous education. Skyland: NC: Kivaki Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, P., & Ainley, P. (Eds.). (2000). In the country of the blind?: Youth studies and cultural studies in Britain. Journal of Youth Studies, 3 (1), 7995.Google Scholar
Cole, M. (1997, 1-4 October). Racism, reconstructed multiculturalism and antiracist education. Paper presented at the LERN Conference, Araluen Arts Centre Alice Springs Northern Territory, Australia. Retrieved 21 February, 2007, from http://edoz.com.au/cwcc/docs/LERN/papers/cole.html.Google Scholar
Commonwealth of Australia. (2003). Parliamentary Debates House of Representatives - Official Hansard - Wednesday 18 June 2003, 40th Parliament 1st Session - 5th Period. Commonwealth of Australia. No.9: 16944.Google Scholar
Coons, J., Clune, W H., & Sugarman, S.D. 1970). Private wealth and public education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Doyle, C., & Singh, A. (2006). Reading and teaching Henry Giroux. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing.Google Scholar
Dwyer, P., & Wyn, K. (1998). Post-compulsory education policy in Australia and its impact on participant pathways and outcomes in the 1990’s. Journal of Education Policy, 13 (3), 285300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egan, K. (1992). The roles of schools: The place of education. Teachers College Record, 93 (4), 641655.Google Scholar
Evans, K., & Furlong, A. (1997). Metaphors of youth transitions: Niches, pathways, trajectories or navigations. In Bynner, J. Evans, K. & Furlong, A. (Eds.), Youth, citizenship and social change in a European context (pp. 1741 Aldershot: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Evans, R. (1996). The human side of change: Reform, resistance, and the reallife problems of innovation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Folds, R. (1987). Whitefella school: Education and Aboriginal resistance. Sydney, NSW: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Freire, P. (1972). Pedagogy of the oppresse. London: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Freire, P. (1985). The politics of education: Culture, power and liberation. Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freire, P., & Dillon, D. (1985). Reading the world and reading the word: An interview with Paulo Freire. Language Arts, 62, 1521.Google Scholar
Giroux, H.A. (1983). Theory and resistance in education: A pedagogy for the opposition. New York, NY: Bergin and Garvey.Google Scholar
Giroux, H.A. (1988). Teachers as intellectuals: Toward a critical pedagogy of learning. New York, NY: Bergin and Garvey.Google Scholar
Giroux, H.A., & Simon, R.I. (1988). Schooling, popular culture, and a pedagogy of possibility. Journal of Education, 170 (1), 926.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hewitson, R. (1998). Unpublished Masters thesis, Student voice through a critical pedagogy in the arts in an Anangu school. The Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia.Google Scholar
Hewitson, R. (2003) Speech delivered to Year 12 students at Kalkaringi School. August, 2003.Google Scholar
hooks, b. (1994). Teaching to transgress: Education as the practice of freedom. New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
hooks, b. (2003). Teaching community: A pedagogy of hope. New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hunter, B. (1997). The determinants of Indigenous employment outcomes: The importance of education and training. Australian Bulletin of Labour, 23 (3), 177192.Google Scholar
Kincheloe, J.L. (2004). Critical pedagogy primer. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing.Google Scholar
Kozo, J.L. (1991). Savage inequalities. New York, NY: Harper Perennial.Google Scholar
Machado, A. (1982). Selected poems. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
McLaren, P. (2003). Critical pedagogy: A look at the major concepts. In Darder, A. Baltodano, M. & Torres, R. (Eds.), The critical pedagogy reader (pp. 6996. New York: Routledge Falmer.Google Scholar
Meaney, T. (2002). Symbiosis or cultural clash? Indigenous students learning mathematics. Journal oflntercultural Studies, 23 (2), 167187.Google Scholar
Meintjes, G. (1997). Human eights education as empowerment: Reflections on pedagogy. In Andreopoulos, G.J. &Claude, R.P. (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 6479. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Mellor, S. & Corrigan, M. (2004). The case for change: A review of contemporary research on Indigenous education outcomes. Melbourne, VIC: Australian Council for Educational Research.Google Scholar
Ministerial Council on Education Employment Training and Youth Affairs. (2004) National Report on Schooling in Australia Preliminary Paper. National Benchmark Results Reading, Writing and Numeracy Years 3, 5 and 7 – 2004.Google Scholar
Northern Territory Board of Studies. (1995). Foundation studies: A bridging course into secondary education. Darwin, NT: Northern Territory Government.Google Scholar
Northern Territory Department of Education. (1995). General studies: A bridging course into secondary education - 2. Darwin, NT: Northern Territory Board of Studies.Google Scholar
Northern Territory Department of Education. (1999). Learning lessons: An independent review of Indigenous education in the Northern Territory. Darwin, NT: Northern Territory Department of Education.Google Scholar
Phansalkar, A. (2004,13 March). Philosophy: Two metaph. Retrieved 1 October, 2007, from http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/3-13-2004-5l630.asp. Google Scholar
Raffe, D. (2003). Pathways linking education and work: A review of concepts, research, and policy debates. Journal of Youth Studies, 6 (1), 319.Google Scholar
Shaull, R. (1990). Foreword. In Freire, P. Pedagogy of the oppressed (pp.2934). New York: Continuum.Google Scholar
Simon, R.I. (1987). Empowerment as a pedagogy of possibility. Language Arts, 64 (4), 370382.Google Scholar
Simon, R.I. (1992). Teaching against the grain: Texts for a pedagogy of possibility. New York, NY: Bergin and Garvey.Google Scholar
Smyth, J. (1991). Teachers as collaborative learners: Challenging dominant forms of supervision. Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press.Google Scholar
Stirling, S. (2005, 27 May). New facility to boost remote secondary schooling. (Northern Territory Government Media Release). Retrieved 1 October, 2007, from http://newsroom.nt.gov.au/2005/05%20May/20050527_SydK alkaringiSecEdFacility.pdf. Google Scholar
Vaill, P.B. (1989). Managing as a performing art: New ideas from a world of chaotic change. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar