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The neuropsychology of schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2011

J. A. Gray ,
J. Feldon ,
J. N. P. Rawlins ,
D. R. Hemsley  and
A. D. Smith
J. A. Gray
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, England. Electronic mail: jgray@ux.psych.lon.ac.uk.
J. Feldon
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.
J. N. P. Rawlins
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, England.
D. R. Hemsley
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, England. Electronic mail: jgray@ux.psych.lon.ac.uk.
A. D. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England.
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Abstract

A model is proposed for integrating the neural and cognitive aspects of the positive symptoms of acute schizophrenia, using evidence from postmortem neuropathology and neurochemistry, clinical and preclinical studies of dopaminergic neurotransmission, anatomical connections between the limbic system and basal ganglia, attentional and other cognitive abnormalities underlying the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, specific animal models of some of these abnormalities, and previous attempts to model the cognitive functions of the septohippocampal system and the motor functions of the basal ganglia. Anatomically, the model emphasises the projections from the septohippocampal system, via the subiculum, and the amygdala to nucleus accumbens, and their interaction with the ascending dopaminergic projection to the accumbens. Psychologically, the model emphasises a failure in acute schizophrenia to integrate stored memories of past regularities of perceptual input with ongoing motor programs in the control of current perception. A number of recent experiments that offer support for the model are briefly described, including anatomical studies of limbic-striatal connections, studies in the rat of the effects of damage to these connections, and of the effects of amphetamine and neuroleptics, on the partial reinforcement extinction effect, latent inhibition and the Kamin blocking effect; and studies of the latter two phenomena in acute and chronic schizophrenics.

Keywords

attentional deficitbasal gangliadopaminelimbic systemmemoryneurolepticsperceptionschizophreniaseptohippocampal system
Type
Target Article
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , March 1991 , pp. 1 - 20
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

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