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The Role of Self-Esteem in Depression: A Longitudinal Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2018

Sven Hilbert ,
Stephan Goerigk ,
Frank Padberg ,
Annekatrin Nadjiri ,
Aline Übleis ,
Andrea Jobst ,
Julia Dewald-Kaufmann ,
Peter Falkai ,
Markus Bühner  and
Felix Naumann
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Sven Hilbert
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Faculty of Psychology, Educational Science and Sport Science, University of Regensburg, Germany
Stephan Goerigk
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Frank Padberg
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Annekatrin Nadjiri
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Aline Übleis
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Andrea Jobst
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Julia Dewald-Kaufmann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Peter Falkai
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Markus Bühner
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
Felix Naumann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
Nina Sarubin*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Germany
*
Correspondence to Nina Sarubin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336 Munich, Germany. E-mail: nina.sarubin@med.uni-muenchen.de
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Abstract

Background: Based on the vulnerability model, several studies indicate that low self-esteem seems to contribute to depressive symptoms. Aims: The aim of this study was to treat depressive symptoms in a cognitive behavioural group therapy, focusing on the enhancement of self-esteem, and to explore co-variation in depressive symptoms and the level of self-esteem. Method: The Multidimensional Self-esteem Scale (MSWS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to 147 psychiatric in-patients with current depressive symptoms due to an affective disorder (major depression, bipolar I, dysthymia). Self-esteem was measured pre-treatment (t0) and post-treatment (t4, after 5 weeks of eight group sessions); the BDI was applied weekly. A linear mixed growth analysis was conducted to estimate the change in depressive symptoms including interactions with self-esteem. Results: Within the 5 weeks of group therapy, depressive symptoms showed a linear decline, which was stronger for patients with higher gains in self-esteem between t0 and t4. Self-esteem at t0 was unrelated to the change in depression but predicted self-esteem at t4. Conclusions: Treating depressive symptoms in a cognitive behavioural group therapy in a naturalistic setting might have a positive effect on the process of recovery. Moreover, depressive symptoms and level of self-esteem seemed to co-vary.

Keywords

depressionself-esteemcognitive behavioural group therapy
Type
Brief Clinical Report
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , Volume 47 , Issue 2 , March 2019 , pp. 244 - 250
Copyright
Copyright © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2018 

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