Last updated 10th July 2024: Online ordering is currently unavailable due to technical issues. We apologise for any delays responding to customers while we resolve this. For further updates please visit our website https://www.cambridge.org/news-and-insights/technical-incident
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 November 2011
The shrine was discovered in the Spring of 1980 and the excavation was carried out in June of that year by the Field Research Group of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne. The authors are indebted to Mr and Mrs D. A. Hofmann who made the initial discovery of the Yardhope relief, to the landowner, the Ministry of Defence, Otterburn Training Area, for permission to excavate, to Tyne Tees Television for some financial assistance, to Mr A. Reed for drawing their attention to the Hollinside relief and to Mr N. Gill for permission to photograph it. A special debt is owed to Drs D. Breeze and B. Dobson for assistance in the final drafting of this article and last, but by no means least, thanks must also be recorded to Ronald Charlton and John Day for their interest and willingness to help with the excavation, despite cramped working conditions and frequent hatches of midges.
1 M. J. T. Lewis, Temples in Roman Britain (1966), 4.
2 A. Ross, Pagan Celtic Britain (1967), 38, 58.
3 Lewis, op. cit. (note 1), 10.
4 Wright, R. P., Yorks. Arch. Journ., xxxvi (1946), 383–6.Google Scholar
5 RIB 732.
6 Ross, op. cit. (note 2), 40.
7 Rahtz, P. and Watts, L. in Casey, P. J. (ed.), The End of Roman Britain, B.A.R. 71 (1979), 205–8.Google Scholar
8 Lewis, op. cit. (note 1), 130–1.
9 J. M. C. Toynbee, Art in Roman Britain (1964), 147.
10 Ross, A., Arch. Ael. ser. 4 xxxix (1961), 75; idem Everyday Life of the Pagan Celts (1970), 91.Google Scholar
11 Fairless, K. J., The Cult of Mars in Britain and Gaul (M.A. diss. Durham Univ., 1966), 93. Uninscribed warrior-figures: Maryport – 4 and a possible 5th. (see alsoGoogle ScholarBailey, J. B., Cumb. and Westm. Trans, n.s. xv (1915), 135–72) Beckfoot – I. Chesters – I. Burgh by Sands – I. Newcastle upon Tyne – I.Google Scholar
12 RIB 986 and 987.
13 Ross, Arch. Ael. (note 10), 74.
14 ibid., 65.
15 L. Laing, Celtic Britain (1979), 81.
16 RIB 1120–2 and 583.
17 Ross, op. cit. (note 2), 369–70.
18 I. A. Richmond, in D. B. Harden (ed.) Dark Age Britain (1956), 11–12.
19 Ross, op. cit. (note 2), 369.
20 Wilson, D. R. and Wright, R. P., JRS lviii (1968), 209. (The ‘Locus Maponi’ of the Ravenna Cosmography is thought to have been near the megalith known as the Clochmabenstane, in Dumfriesshire, not far from which the town of Lochmaben also shows a clear link with that ancient place-name.)Google Scholar
21 RIB 1225 and 1226, 1229, Britannia, iv (1973), 329, n. 12, RIB 921, 971.Google Scholar
22 RIB 1087 and 1088, 1103 and 1104, 1697–9 and Britannia, iv (1973), 329, n. 11, 12.Google Scholar
23 Ross, op. cit. (note 2), 373–4.
24 RIB 2044, 970, 1784.
25 Ross, op. cit. (note 2), 371.
26 RIB 1521.
27 E. Birley, Research on Hadrian's Wall (1961), 231–3.
28 RIB 985, 988, 989, 993 and 966 (at Netherby).
29 RIB 993, 2024, 2015, 2020, 602.
30 Fairless, op. cit. (note 11), 93; RIB 900, 1633, 1207.
31 RIB 1578.
32 Sir W. Scott, Dedicatory Epistle to Ivanhoe dated Nov. 1817.
33 J. Horsley, Britannia Romana (1732), 234–41.
34 Hodgson, J., History of Northumberland, Part ii, vol. i, (1827), 166.Google Scholar
35 Richmond, I. A. and McIntyre, J., Arch. Ael. ser. 4 xiv (1937), 108.Google Scholar
36 Bosanquet, R. C., Proc. Soc. Ant. Newc. ser. 4, ii (1925–1926), 59–60.Google Scholar
37 Richmond, I. A., ‘The Romans in Redesdale’, Northumberland County History, XV (1940), 86.Google Scholar
38 J. Mothersole, Agricola's Road into Scotland (1927), 171–2.
39 RIB 2167, 798, 659, 194 and 195, 104, 1271, 1696, 1085, 732.
40 Richmond and McIntyre, op. cit. (note 35), 109.
41 RIB 1076, 1077–81, 1082, 1087 and 1088, 1074, 1085.
42 Richmond and McIntyre, op. cit. (note 35), 103–6.
43 Fairless op. cit. (note 11), 99.
44 D. J. Breeze and B. Dobson, Hadrian's Wall (1976), 266. On the gods worshipped on Hadrian's Wall, and those who made dedications to them, see 259–70.
45 Ross, op. cit. (note 2), 162–3.
48 Toynbee, op. cit. (note 9), 152.
47 RIB 1265, 1269, 1271, 1276–81, 1262 and 1263, 1273, 1270, 1264, 1272 and 1266–8.
48 RIB 1213–15, 1221–3, 1216–20, 1209, 1207, 1225 and 1226, 1224, 1228, 1208.
49 Richmond, op. cit. (note 37), 85.
50 Charlton, D. B. and Day, J. C., Arch. Ael. ser. 5, vi (1978), 61–87.Google Scholar
51 Fairless, op. cit. (note 11), 96–7.
Dedications to Cocidius (* indicates dedicators are definitely military.):
(a) North of Hadrian's Wall.
Netherby 966*
Bewcastle 985*, 988*, 989*. 993
Risingham (Townfoot) 1207;
(b) On the line of Hadrian's Wall.
Mc.65 (Tarraby, near Stanwix) 2024*
Mc.60 (High Strand, near Castlesteads) 2020*
Mc.59 (Old Wall, near Castlesteads) 2015*
Mc.55 (Low Wall, near Castlesteads) 1961*, 1963 (now lost)
Mc.52 (Bankshead, near Birdoswald) 1955*, 1956*
Birdoswald 1872*, 1885
Mc.37 (Housesteads) 1577*, 1578*, 1583*;
(c) South of Hadrian's Wall.
Old Carlisle 900
Chesterholm 1683*
Ebchester 1102
Lancaster 602.
52 RIB 1956, 966.
53 Fairless, op. cit. (note 11), 97–8.
