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Church and State: The Manning-Gladstone correspondence, 1833–1891

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2015

V. Alan McClelland
V. Alan McClelland*
Affiliation:
Professor Emmeritus, Faculty of Education, Wilberforce Building, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK. Email: mariemcclelland167@yahoo.co.uk
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Type
Review Article
Information
British Catholic History , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , May 2015 , pp. 383 - 412
Copyright
© Trustees of the Catholic Record Society 2015. Published by Cambridge University Press 

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References

1 Purcell, E. S., Life of Cardinal Manning, 2 vols (London, 1896)Google Scholar; Strachey, Lytton, Eminent Victorians (London, 1918)Google Scholar.

2 Sanders, Andrew, ed. Great Victorian Lives: An Era in Obituaries (London: Times Books, 2007)Google Scholar, 484.

3 Erb, Peter C., The Correspondence of Henry Edward Manning and William Ewart Gladstone, 1833–1891, 4 vols (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013)Google Scholar, 1: xvi–xvii (Quotations from the letters hereafter are given as Erb, Letters and volume and page references).

4 Erb, Letters, 1:6.

5 Rowell, Geoffrey: The Vision Glorious: Themes and Personalities of the Catholic Revival in Anglicanism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983)Google Scholar, 21.

6 Butler, Perry, Gladstone: Church, State and Tractarianism, A Study of the Religious Ideas and Attitudes, 1809–1859 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1982)Google Scholar, 199.

7 Erb, Letters, 1:13.

8 Newman, John Henry: Elucidation of Dr. Hampden’s Theological Statements (Oxford, 1836)Google Scholar.

9 Erb, Letters, 1:13–14.

10 Manning, H. E.: Sermons Preached Before The University of Oxford, 1842–1844 (Oxford, 1844)Google Scholar, 146.

11 Erb, Letters, 1: xxxix.

12 Saward, J., J. Morrill & M. Tomko, eds., Firmly I Believe and Truly, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011)Google Scholar, 481.

13 Newsome, David, The Victorian World Picture (London: Fontana, 1997)Google Scholar, 218.

14 James Pereiro, ‘Henry Edward Manning: From Lavington to Westminster’, paper read to the Anglo-Catholic History Society at the Church of St Matthew, Westminster, 10 October 2011 (privately printed), 3–4.

15 Gladstone, W. E., The State in its Relations with the Church (London, 1841)Google Scholar, 1, 11.

16 Manning, H. E., The Unity of the Church (London, 1842)Google Scholar, 161.

17 James Pereiro ‘Ethos’ and the Oxford Movement: At the Heart of Tractarianism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), 67.

18 Skinner, S. A., ‘The Duty of the State: Keble, the Tractarians and Establishment’ in John Keble in Context, ed. Kirstie Blair (London: Anthem Press, 2004)Google Scholar, 34.

19 John Keble’s review, The British Critic (October 1839): 387.

20 H.E. Manning, The Pastoral Office, Printed for private use (1883), 30–31.

21 For further discussion on this point, see Erb, Peter C., ‘Gladstone and German Liberal Catholicism’, Recusant History 23, 3 (1997): 450–469 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

22 Machin, G. I. T., Politics and the Churches in Great Britain, 1869 to 1921 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987)Google Scholar, 14.

23 Erb, Peter C., A Question of Sovereignty: The Politics of Manning’s Conversion, Thomas Aquinas Lecture, Atlanta, USA (Atlanta: Pitts Theology Library, 1996)Google Scholar, 14.

24 Varieties of Ultramontanism, ed., Jeffrey P. von Arx, (Washington, D.C: The Catholic University of America Press, 1998), 7.

25 For an example of Roman Catholic episcopal opposition to the Council, see The Correspondence of Alexander Goss, Bishop of Liverpool, 1856–1872, ed. Peter Doyle (The Catholic Record Society: The Boydell Press, 2014).

26 Erb, Letters, 1: xxxix

27 For a full account on the German influence see Erb, 'Gladstone and German Liberal Catholicism’.

28 Ibid: 464.

29 Erb, Letters 1: xliv.

30 Manning, The Unity of the Church, 371–373.

31 Ibid.

32 Erb, Letters,1:250

33 Erb, Letters, 1:251.

34 Erb, Letters, 1:255.

35 Erb, Letters, 1:256–7.

36 Erb, Letters, 1:257.

37 Ibid.

38 Erb, Letters, 1:258.

39 For the movement to revive the idea, see Rowell The Vision Glorious, 215–216, part of a widening interest in ecumenical relations under Archbishop Benson.

40 See Rowan Strong in The Oxford Movement: Europe and the Wider World 1830–1930, eds. S.J. Brown and P.B. Nockles (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2012), 78–98.

41 Erb, Letters, 1:259.

42 Erb, Letters, 1:273.

43 Erb, Letters, 1, Addenda: 357.

44 Ibid.

45 Ibid.

46 Erb, Letters, 1:267.

47 James Pereiro, ‘Ethos’ and the Oxford Movement, 210.

48 Erb, Letters, 1:387.

49 Ibid.

50 Erb, Letters, 1:387.

51 Erb, Letters, 1:388.

52 Ibid.

53 Erb, Letters, 1:390.

54 Erb, Letters, 1:390–391.

55 Erb, Letters, 1:395.

56 Erb, Letters, 1:394.

57 Erb, Letters, 1:400.

58 Erb, Letters, 1:405.

59 Sermon IV of Sermons Preached Before the University of Oxford by Henry Edward Manning, MA (Oxford, 1844), 67–96.

60 Erb, Letters, 1:403.

61 H.E. Manning, ‘Fifth of November Sermon’, Sermons, 4 vols (London, 1842–1850), 4:78.

62 Ibid.

63 Manning’s ‘Fifth of November Sermon’, 96.

64 Erb, Letters, 1:410, footnote g.

65 Erb, Letters, 2:4. Penelope Hunting gives a brief, perceptive account of Ward’s book on the Church of England in her study of Manning's brother-in-law, George Dudley Ryder; see: Hunting, Penelope, The Saint and the Disciple: Cardinal John Henry Newman, the Reverend George Dudley Ryder and the Catholic Revival in Nineteenth Century England (Palo Alto, USA: Academica Press, 2011), 92–97 Google Scholar.

66 Galloway, P., A Passionate Humility. Frederick Oakeley and the Oxford Movement (Leominster: Gracewing, 1999)Google Scholar, 165.

67 Erb, Letters, 2:17.

68 Ibid.

69 Erb, Letters, 2:31.

70 Ibid.

71 Manning, H.E., A Charge Delivered at the Ordinary Visitation of the Archdeaconry of Chichester in July 1842 (London, 1842)Google Scholar, 41.

72 Erb, Letters, 1:47.

73 Erb, Letters, 2:74.

74 Erb, Letters, 2:80.

75 Erb, Letters, 2:79–80.

76 J. P. von Arx in From Without the Flaminian Gate: 150 Years of the Roman Catholic Hierarchy in England and Wales, ed. V. A. McClelland and M. Hodgetts (London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1999), 253.

77 Erb, Letters, 2:165.

78 Erb, Letters, 2:173. Faber was received into the Roman Catholic Church on 16 November 1845.

79 Erb, Letters, 2:165.

80 Erb, Letters, 2:167.

81 Ibid.

82 Newman, John Henry, An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (London, 1845)Google Scholar.

83 Erb, Letters, 2:174.

84 Erb, Letters, 2:175.

85 Ibid.

86 Erb, Letters, 2:184.

87 Ibid.

88 Erb, Letters, 2:184.

89 Manning, The Unity of the Church, (London, 1842), 3.

90 Ibid., p. 4.

91 Manning, The Unity of the Church, p. 3.

92 Pereiro, 'Ethos' and the Oxford Movement, p. 225.

93 Erb, Letters, 2:238.

94 Erb, Letters, 2:244.

95 Erb, Letters, 2:259–260.

96 Erb, Letters, 2:325.

97 Ibid.

98 Erb, Letters, 2:325; See also The Full Judgement of the Judicial Committee of Privy Council. Delivered March 8, 1850 etc, 3rd edition (1850).

99 Erb, Letters, 2:378.

100 Erb, Letters, 2:442

101 Erb, Letters, 2:439.

102 Erb, Letters, 2:446.

103 Erb, Letters, 2:448

104 Erb, Letters, 2:450–451.

105 James Robert Hope-Scott (1812–1873); Erb, Letters, 2:440.

106 This quotation, taken from H.E. Manning’s The Independence of the Holy See (London, 1879), 26, sums up his main reason. Curiously enough the modern Vatican City State encapsulates the reasoning behind the argument.

107 Erb, Letters, 3:53.

108 Erb, Letters, 3:87.

109 Erb, Letters, 3:91.

110 Erb, Letters, 3:80.

111 Erb, Letters, 3:97.

112 Erb, Letters, 3:99.

113 Erb, Letters, 3:101

114 Erb, Letters, 3:102.

115 Manning, H. E., ‘Caesarism and Ultramontanism’, Miscellanies 2 (1877), 238Google Scholar.

116 Manning, Miscellanies 2 (London 1877), 148.

117 H.E. Manning, The Independence of the Holy See, 95.

118 Ibid., 95–96.

119 Manning, H.E., Religio Viatoris, 5th ed (London: Burns and Oates, 1901), 82 Google Scholar.

120 Erb, Letters, 3:200

121 Erb, Letters, 3:391.

122 Erb, Letters, 3:392.

123 Erb, Letters, 3:393.

124 Ibid.

125 Erb, Letters, 4:42.