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Dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load in Danish children in relation to body fatness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Birgit M. Nielsen ,
Kirsten S. Bjørnsbo ,
Inge Tetens  and
Berit L. Heitmann
Birgit M. Nielsen*
Affiliation:
Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark European Youth Heart Study, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark
Kirsten S. Bjørnsbo
Affiliation:
Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark European Youth Heart Study, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Inge Tetens
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark
Berit L. Heitmann
Affiliation:
Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author: Ms Birgit Nielsen, fax +45 33 32 42 40, email bn@ipm.hosp.dk
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Abstract

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The aim of this study was to describe dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) values in the diets of Danish children, and to examine the associations between dietary GI, GL and body fatness. Data were collected during 1997–8 as part of the European Youth Heart Study. The study population comprised 485 children aged 10 years and 364 children aged 16 years from Odense County, Denmark. Dietary GI and GL were estimated using international food tables, and the associations between energy-adjusted dietary GI, GL and body fatness were analysed by multiple linear regression. The mean daily dietary GI value was 85 (SD 6·9) with a range of 62–111. No significant differences were found between age groups and gender. The daily dietary GL was higher among boys aged 16, with a GL of 330 (sd 95) (P<0·05), compared with girls or younger boys. Dietary GL was higher among 10-year-old boys than girls (250 (sd 81) v. 230 (sd 66) P<0·05), whereas dietary GL among 16-year-old girls was 230 (sd 56). Neither dietary GI nor GL was associated with the sum of four skinfolds (ΣSF) among girls or among 10-year-old boys. Among 16-year-old boys, significant associations were observed between dietary GI and ΣSF (β+0·60, SE+0·21, P=0·006), and between dietary GL and ΣSF (β+0·15, SE+0.06, P=0·009). In conclusion, dietary GI and GL were positively associated with body fatness among Danish boys aged 16 years, whereas no associations were found among girls or younger boys.

Keywords

ChildrenAdolescentsDietBody fat mass
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 94 , Issue 6 , December 2005 , pp. 992 - 997
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

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