Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-fv566 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T12:17:09.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nutritional response of growing rats to faba beans (Vicia faba L., minor) and faba bean fractions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Luis A. Rubio ,
George Grant ,
Susan Bardocz ,
Peter Dewey  and
Arpad Pusztai
Luis A. Rubio
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
George Grant
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Susan Bardocz
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Peter Dewey
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Arpad Pusztai
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effects of raw faba bean (Vicia faba L., minor) meal (VFM) and its fractions on the growth and nitrogen utilization of rats have been determined in two experiments. Two commercial varieties of VFM were tested, local VFM (409–439 g/kg diet) and Troy VFM (439 g/kg diet). The bean fractions tested were V. faba lectin-depleted protein (VFDP), V. faba lectin (VFL) and V. faba cotyledon residue (VFCR). All diets were supplemented with amino acids to target requirements. Body-weight, body N and lipid contents of rats fed on VFM were reduced significantly in comparison with control rats fed on lactalbumin. This was due, in part, to the lower digestibility of the protein, lipid and dry matter (DM) of VFM diets. As a result, net protein utilization (NPU) and biological value (BV) of faba bean proteins were less than expected. Urine and urea-N outputs of the VFM-fed rats were also elevated in both experiments. Increasing the energy content of local VFM diets led to significantly higher dry body-weight, body N and lipid contents, with the result that the NPU and BV values of the protein also increased. However, the NPU values for VFM-fed rats were still significantly lower than those for the controls in both experiments. In contrast, true N, lipid and DM digestibilities in rats given local VFM were not significantly affected by the difference in the energy content of the diets. The replacement of two-thirds of the lactalbumin in the diet with VFDP (65 g/kg) reduced dry body-weight, N and lipid contents, NPU and BV compared with the control rats, even though N, lipid and DM digestibilities were not significantly different. The nutritional performance of rats fed on lactalbumin-based diets containing 7 g VFL/kg was similar to that of the controls. Similarly, the inclusion of the cotyledon residue (237 g VFCR/kg diet) had no appreciable effect on any of the variables studied. As VFL and VFCR had no antinutritional effects in these rats, it appears that the low nutritional value of VFM for rats (NPU 0.66) results not only from the low digestibility of the bean proteins, but also from disturbances in N metabolism.

Keywords

Vicia fabaNutritional responseRats
Type
Nutritional effects of beans
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 66 , Issue 3 , November 1991 , pp. 533 - 542
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

REFERENCES

Abbey, B. W., Neale, R. J. & Norton, G. (1979). Nutritional effects of field bean (Vicia faba. L.) proteinase inhibitors fed to rats. British Journal of Nutrition 41, 31–38.Google Scholar
Allen, H. J. & Johnson, E. A. Z. (1976). Isolation and partial characterization of a lectin from Vicia faba. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 444, 374–385.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alroy, J., Goyal, V., Lukacs, N. W., Taylor, R. L., Strout, R. G., Ward, H. D. & Pereira, M. E. (1989). Glycoconjugates of the intestinal epithelium of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus): a lectin histochemistry study. Histochemistry Journal 21, 187–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aman, P. & Hesselman, K. (1984). Analysis of starch and other main constituents of cereal grains. Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 14, 135–139.Google Scholar
Bond, D. A. (1980). Vicia faba: Feeding Value, Processing and Viruses. The Hague: Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Boulter, D. (1982). The composition and nutritional value of legumes by extracts of field bean (Vicia faba). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 30, 458–462.Google Scholar
Cenarruzabeitia, M. N., Santidrian, S., Bello, J. & Larralde, J. (1979). Effect of raw field bean (Vicia faba) on amino acid-degrading enzymes in rats and chicks. Nutrition and Metabolism 23, 203–210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coates, M. E., O'Donoghue, P. N., Payne, P. R. & Ward, R. J. (1969). Laboratory Animal Handbooks. 2. Laboratory Standards for Laboratory Rats and Mice, p. 15. London: Laboratory Animals Ltd.Google Scholar
Cummings, J. H. (1973). Progress report: Dietary fibre. Gut 14, 69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davidson, J., Mathieson, J. & Boyne, A. W. (1970). The use of automation in determining nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method, with final calculations by computer. Analyst 95, 181–193.Google Scholar
Drake, A. P. (1990). The development of an in vitro system for predicting nutrient digestibility in feeds for pigs. PhD Thesis, Aberdeen University.Google Scholar
Englyst, H. N. & Cummings, J. H. (1984). Simplified method for the measurement of total non-starch polysaccharides by gas–liquid chromatography of constituent sugars and alditol acetates. Analyst 109, 937–942.Google Scholar
Gallaher, D. & Schneeman, B. O. (1986). Intestinal interaction of bile acids, phospholipids, dietary fibers, and cholestyramine. American Journal of Physiology 250, 420–426.Google ScholarPubMed
Guillaume, J. (1977). Use of field beans (Vicia faba; L.) and peas (Pisum sativum) in laying hen and growing chicken diets. In Protein Quality from Legume Crops, pp. 113–142. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities.Google Scholar
Hellendoorn, E. W. (1979). Beneficial physiological activity of leguminous seeds. Quality of Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 29, 227.Google Scholar
Huyghebaert, G., Fontaine, G. & De Groote, G. (1979). Les féveroles (Vicia faba) en tant que source protéique alternative dans les rations pour poulets de chair. I. L'effet de divers traitements thermo-mécaniques. (Broad bean (Vicia faba) as an alternative protein source in feed for broiler chicks. 1. The effect of different thermo-mechanical treatment). Revue de l' Agriculture 32, 1243–1255.Google Scholar
Laemmli, U. K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of Bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680–685.Google Scholar
Marquardt, R. R. & Campbell, L. D. (1974). Deficiency of methionine in raw and autoclaved faba beans in chicks' diets. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 54, 437–442.Google Scholar
Marquardt, R. R. & Campbell, L. D. (1975). Performance of chicks fed faba beans (Vicia faba) diets supplemented with methionine, sulphate and cystine. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 55, 213–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquardt, R. R., Campbell, L. D., Stothers, S. C. & McKirdy, S. A. (1974). Growth-responses of chicks and rats fed diets containing four cultivars of raw or autoclaved faba beans. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 54, 177–182.Google Scholar
Martinez, J. A. & Larralde, J. (1984). Influence of diets containing different levels of Vicia faba L. as source of protein on body composition and nitrogen balance for growing rats. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 28, 174–180.Google ScholarPubMed
Matsumoto, L., Vehara, Y., Jimbo, A. & Seno, N. (1983). Immunochemical and spectral studies on Vicia faba agglutinin. Journal of Biochemistry, Tokyo 93, 763–769.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mercier, C. (1979). Les a-galactosides des graines de legumineuses. (The α-galactosides of legume seeds.) In Matières Premières et Alimentation des Volailles, pp. 79–90. Versailles: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.Google Scholar
Moseley, G. & Griffiths, D. W. (1979). Varietal variation in the antinutritive effects of field beans (Vicia faba) when fed to rats. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 30, 772–778.Google Scholar
Mosse, J. (1990). Nitrogen to protein conversion factor for ten cereals and six legumes or oilseeds. A reappraisal of its definition and determination. Variation according to species and to seed protein content. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 38, 18–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pusztai, A., Ewen, S. W. B., Grant, G., Peumans, W. J., Van Damme, E. J. M., Rubio, L. & Bardocz, S. (1990). Relationship between survival and binding of plant lectins during small intestinal passage and their effectiveness as growth factors. Digestion 46, Suppl. 2, 308–316.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rubio, L. A. & Brenes, A. (1988). Plasma mineral concentrations in growing chickens fed diets containing raw and autoclaved faba beans (Vicia faba L.) and faba bean fractions. Nutrition Reports International 38, 609–619.Google Scholar
Rubio, L. A., Brenes, A. & Castano, M. (1989). Histological alterations of the pancreas and the intestinal tract produced by raw faba bean (Vicia faba L., minor) diets in growing chicks. British Poultry Science 30, 15–28.Google Scholar
Rubio, L. A., Brenes, A. & Castano, M. (1990). The utilization of raw and autoclaved faba beans (Vicia faba L., minor) and faba bean fractions in diets for growing broiler chickens. British Journal of Nutrition 63, 419–433.Google Scholar
Santidrian, S., Sobrini, F. J., Bello, J. & Larralde, J. (1981). Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase activity in growing male rats fed on a raw field bean (Vicia faba L.) diet. Enzyme 26, 103–106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schiller, K. (1960). Ein Stoffwechselkäfig für Ratten. (A metabolism cage for rats.) Zeitschrift für Tierphysiologie, Tierernährung und Futtermittelkunde 15, 305–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steel, R. G. D. & Torrie, J. H. (1960). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar