Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-lrf7s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-30T15:15:26.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Response of male and female rats to undernutrition

1. Changes in energy utilization, body composition and tissue turnover during undernutrition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Patricia M. Harris ,
Diane F. Hodgson  and
R. B. Broadhurst
Patricia M. Harris
Affiliation:
Applied Biochemistry Division, DSIR, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Diane F. Hodgson
Affiliation:
Applied Biochemistry Division, DSIR, Palmerston North, New Zealand
R. B. Broadhurst
Affiliation:
Applied Biochemistry Division, DSIR, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

1. In two separate trials male and female Wistar rats, 12 weeks of age, were either killed as a preliminary control group, ad lib.-fed or undernourished for 4 weeks until one-third of their 12-week body-weight was lost.

2. Food intakes, urinary and faecal collections and measurements of standard metabolic rate were made at one-weekly intervals on both the ad lib.-fed and undernourished animals of both sexes.

3. The bodies of the preliminary controls, the ad lib.-fed and the undernourished animals of both sexes were analysed for protein and fat, and the weights of four fat depots, two muscles and the major organs of all groups were determined.

4. Measurements of lipid synthesis rate (LSR) and lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) (LPL) activity in the four fat depots and measurements of whole-body protein synthesis rates were carried out on animals of both sexes in each group.

5. Although both sexes lost the same proportion of body-weight the females required more food on a body-weight basis than the males during the undernutrition period. The females absorbed significantly more energy on a body-weight basis during undernutrition and so were less efficient than the males at withstanding nutritional stress.

6. There were no significant differences between males and females, on a body-weight basis, in the excretion of nitrogenous waste products (urinary nitrogen, creatinine, hydroxyproline or NT-methylhystidine) suggesting that there were no differences between the sexes in protein sparing during undernutrition.

7. There were no differences between males and females in the proportions of body fat and protein used during the period of undernutrition or in the sites of the body from which the protein and fat were mobilized.

8. There were no differences between males and females in the way they responded to undernutrition by altering LSR, LPL activity or whole-body protein synthesis rates. Both undernourished males and undernourished females maintained synthesis of lipid, on a per g tissue basis and whole-body protein synthesis at the level found in well-nourished animals of the same sex.

Type
Papers on General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , September 1984 , pp. 289 - 306
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1984

References

Cahill, G. F. (1976). Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism 5, 397–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durnin, J. V. G. A. (1976). Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 35, 145–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, M. T. & Lee, J. (1982). Analytica Chimica Acta 139, 333–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forbes, E. B., Swift, R. W., James, W. H., Bratzler, J. W. & Black, A. (1946). Journal of Nutrition 32, 387–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garlick, P. J., Millward, D. J. & James, W. P. T. (1973). Biochemical Journal 136, 935–945.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodman, M. N., Larsen, P. R., Kaplan, M. M., Aoki, T. T., Young, V. R. & Ruderman, N. B. (1980). American Journal of Physiology 239, E277–E286.Google Scholar
Goodman, M. N. & Ruderman, N. B. (1980). American Journal of Physiology 239, E269–E276.Google Scholar
Keys, A. & Brozek, J. (1953). Physiological Reviews 33, 245–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kivirikko, K. I., Laitinen, O. & Prockop, D. J. (1967). Analytical Biochemistry 19, 249–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kleiber, M. (1961). The fire of life. New York and London: John Wiley & sons inc.Google Scholar
Lobeley, G. E., Milne, V., Lovie, J. M., Reeds, P. J. & Pennie, K. (1980). British Journal of Nutrition 43, 491–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowenstein, J. M. (1971). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 246, 629–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munro, H. N. & Fleck, A. (1969). In Mammalian Protein metabolism, vol3, pp. 423–525 [Munro, N. H., editor]. New york and London: Academic press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nilsson-Ehle, P. & Schotz, M. C. (1976). Journal of Lipid Research 17, 536–541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schemmel, R. & Mickelson, O. (1974). In Regulation of Adipose tissue mass, pp. 238–253 [Vague, J. and Boyer, J., editors]. Amsterdam: Excerpta medica.Google Scholar
Southgate, D. A. T. (1971). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 22, 590–591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spencer, A. F. & Lowenstein, J. M. (1962). Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 3640–3648.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Technicon instruments co. ltd (1965). Technicon Methodology Sheet N 11b. Basingstoke: Technicon Instruments co. ltd.Google Scholar
Waterlow, J. C., Garlick, P. J. & Millward, D. J. (1978). Protein turnover in mammalian tissues and the whole body. Amsterdam, New York and London: North Holland Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Widdowson, E. M. (1976). Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 35, 175–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Widdowson, E. M. & McCance, R. A. (1956). British Journal of Nutrition 10, 363–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wooton, I. D. P. (1975). Microanalysis in Medical Biochemistry, 5th ed. Edinburgh and london: Churchill and livingstone.Google Scholar