Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-qks25 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-19T23:02:21.226Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Utilization of low quality roughages: effects of urea and protein supplements of differing solubility on digesta flows, intake and growth rate of cattle eating oaten chaff

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2010

R. G. Redman ,
R. C. Kellaway  and
Jane Leibholz
R. G. Redman
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia
R. C. Kellaway
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia
Jane Leibholz
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

1. Expt 1. Five 150 kg steers with ruminal, abomasal and ileal cannulas were given 3000 g oaten chaff daily plus prelleted supplement with no added nitrogen (diet A) or 50 g N/d as urea (diet B), casein (diet C), casein and formaldehyde-treated casein (HCHO-casein) (50:50 w/w; diet D) and HCHO-casein (diet E), in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. The basal diet and supplement were fed in eight equal increments at intervals of 3 h. Proportions of dry matter and organic matter digested in the stomach and whole tract were greater for diets B, C, D and E than for diet A. Total volatile fatty acid levels in the rumen and the proportion of acetic acid were lower, and the proportion of propionic acid higher on diet A than on the other diets. Rumen ammonia levels were lower on diets A, D and E than on diets B and C. N flows at the abomasum, ileum and rectum were lower on diet A than on the other diets; abomasal flows and apparent intestinal absorptions of amino acids were higher on diets D and E than on diets A, B and C. Efficiencies of bacterial protein synthesis were 15, 15, 14, 13 and 12 g bacterial N/kg OM truly digested in the stomach on diets A, B, C, D and E respectively.

2. Expt. 2. Forty 300 kg steers were fed oaten chaff ad lib. plus twice the amount of the same pelleted supplements as in Expt 1. Intake of oaten chaff was 23% higher with N supplements (diets B, C, D and E) than without (diet A). Live-weight gains were 356, 798, 843, 842 and 805 g/d on diets A, B, C, D and E respectively.

3. It was concluded that efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis was not limited by the supply of peptides and amino acids in the rumen and that increases in amino acid availability in the intestines from feeding HCHO-casein did not increase food intake or live-weight gain.

Type
Papers on General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 44 , Issue 3 , November 1980 , pp. 343 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1980

References

REFERENCES

Balch, C. C. & Campling, R. C. (1965). In Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant, p. 108 [Dougherty, R. W., editor]. London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Ben-Ghedalia, D., McMeniman, N. P. & Armstrong, D. G. (1978). Br. J. Nutr. 39, 37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broderick, G. A. (1978). J. Nutr. 108, 181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campling, R. C., Freer, M. & Balch, C. C. (1962). Br. J. Nutr. 16, 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaney, A. L. & Marbach, E. P. (1962). Clin. Chem. 8, 130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Czerkawski, J. W. (1978). J. Dairy Sci. 61, 261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Domes, A. M. & McDonald, I. W. (1964). Br. J. Nutr. 18, 153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egan, A. G. (1975). Rev. Rur. Sci. 2, 135.Google Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1965). Aust. J. agric. Res. 16, 159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1974). Aust. J. agric. Res. 25, 583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. (1975). In Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant, p. 277 [McDonald, I. W. and Warner, A. C. L., editors]. Armidale: University of New England Printing Unit.Google Scholar
Harrop, C. J. F. (1974). J. agric. Sci., Camb. 83, 249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hemsley, J. A. & Moir, R. J. (1963). Aust. J. agric. Res. 14, 509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hemsley, J. A., Reis, P. J. & Domes, A. M. (1973). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 26, 961.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hennessy, D. W., Nolan, J. V., Norton, B. W., Ball, F. M. & Leng, R. A. (1978). Aust. J. exp. Agric. Anim. Husb. 18,477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hume, I. D. (1970). Ausr. J. agric. Res. 21, 305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, P., Rook, J. A. F. & Towers, K. G. (1971). Proc. Nutr. Soc. 30, 1A.Google Scholar
Kropp, J. R., Johnson, R. R., Males, J. R. & Owen, F. N. (1977). J. Anim. Sci. 46,844.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDougall, E. I. (1948). Biochem. J. 43, 99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macrae, J. C. & Armstrong, D. G. (1968). J. Sci. Fd Agric. 19, 578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macrae, J. C., Wilson, S., Milne, J. A. & Spence, A. M. (1977). Proc. Nutr. Soc. 36, 77A.Google Scholar
Maeng, W. J., Van Nevet, C. J., Baldwin, R. L. & Morris, J. G. (1976). J. Dairy Sci. 59, 68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangan, J. L. (1972). Br. J. Nutr. 27, 261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mercer, J. R. & Annison, E. F. (1976). In Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, p. 397 [Cole, D. J. A., Boorman, K. N., Buttery, P. J., Lewis, D., Neale, R. J. and Swan, H., editors]. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1975). Tech. Bull. Min. Agric. Fish. Fd no. 33.Google Scholar
Nolan, J. V. & Leng, R. A. (1972). Br. J. Nutr. 27, 177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nolan, J. V., Norton, B. W. & Leng, R. A. (1976). Br. J. Nutr. 35, 127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okorie, A. V., Buttery, P. J. & Lewis, D. (1977). Proc. Nutr. Soc. 36, 38A.Google Scholar
Ørskov, E. R. (1977). Wld Rev. Nutr. Diet. 26, 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owen, F. N. & Isaacson, H. R. (1977). Fedn Proc. Fedn Am. Socs exp. Biol. 36, 198.Google Scholar
Pilgrim, A. F., Gray, F. V., Weller, R. A. & Belling, C. B. (1970). Br. J. Nutr. 24, 589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Playne, M. J. (1970). Proc. Aust. Soc. Anim. Prod. 8,511.Google Scholar
Roy, J. H. B., Balch, C. C., Miller, E. L., Ørskov, E. R. & Smith, R. H. (1977). Proc. 2nd int. Symp. Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, The Netherlands, p. 126.Google Scholar
Sharma, H. R., Ingalls, J. R. & Parker, R. J. (1974). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 54, 305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tan, N. H., Weston, R. H. & Hogan, J. P. (1971). Int. J. appl. Radiat. Isot. 22, 301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thornton, R. F. & Minson, D. J. (1973). Aust. J. agric. Res. 24, 889.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Soest, P. J. (1963). J. Ass. off. agric. Chem. 46, 829.Google Scholar
Williams, A. P. & Smith, R. H. (1976). Br. J. Nutr. 36, 199.Google Scholar