Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-qs9v7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-10T02:32:52.692Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Field trials with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus and Bacillus thuringiensis against larvae of Heliothis armigera (Hb.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) on sorghum and cotton in Botswana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

R. E. Roome
R. E. Roome
Affiliation:
Centre for Overseas Pest Research, College House, Wrights Lane, London W8 5SJ
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Six trials with an unpurified suspension of Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) against Heliothis armigera (Hb.) larvae on sorghum (five trials) and on cotton (one trial) during 1971–73 are described. Commercial preparations of H. zea NPV and of Bacillus thuringiensis were included in two of the trials. H. armigera NPV was as successful as a standard insecticide in preventing losses of sorghum in one trial. Lowering the rate of NPV reduced the control of H. armigera larvae. There was no difference in control achieved by spraying in the morning or in the evening. Spraying every second or every third row (relying on natural spread of the virus) reduced control. Low concentrations of molasses (0·6%) made control by 100 larval equivalents (L.E.) per hectare as good as that by 200 L.E. per hectare without molasses. Neither the commercial H. zea NPV nor the Bacillus preparation was as effective as the local virus. The local virus was reasonably effective against H. armigera on cotton at very high rates and with molasses. It was not as damaging as carbaryl to populations of egg parasites and predators, but the predators did not control damaging populations of aphid and Jassid on the virus-sprayed plots.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 65 , Issue 3 , October 1975 , pp. 507 - 514
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1975

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, G. E., Gregory, B. G. & Brazzel, J. R. (1966). Integration of the Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus into a biological control program on cotton.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1333–1336.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Angelini, A. & Labonne, V. (1970). Sur une technique d'élevage d'Heliothis armigera (Hub.) et une possibilité de production de virose nucléaire en Côte d'Ivoire.—Coton Fibr. trop. 25, 501–504.Google Scholar
Atger, P. (1969). Observations sur la polyédrose nucléaire d'Heliothis armigera (Hbn.) au Tchad.—Coton Fibr. trop. 24, 243–244.Google Scholar
Atger, P. (1971). Nouvelles perspectives de lutte virale contre Heliothis armigera Hbn. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) ravageur du cotonnier en Afrique.—C. r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Afric.Fr. 57, 1544–1548.Google Scholar
Coaker, T. H. (1958). Experiments with a virus disease of the cotton bollworm Heliothis armigera (Hbn.).—Ann. appl. Biol. 46, 536–541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daoust, R. A. (1974). Weight-related susceptibility of larvae of Heliothis armigera to a crude nuclear-polyhedrosis virus preparation.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 23, 400–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Daoust, R. A. & Roome, R. E. (1974). Bioassay of a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus and Bacillus thuringiensis against the American bollworm, Heliothis armigera, in Botswana.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 23, 318–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hostetter, D. L. (1971). A virulent nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, recovered from the abdomens of sarcophagid flies.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 17, 130–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ignoffo, C. M. (1966). Effects of age on mortality of Heliothis zea and Heliothis virescens larvae exposed to a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 8, 279–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ignoffo, C. M. (1973). Development of a viral insecticide: concept to commercialisation.—Expl Parasit. 33, 380–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ignoffo, C. M., Chapman, A. J. & Martin, D. F. (1965). The nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis zea (Boddie) and Heliothis virescens (Fabricius). III. Effectiveness of the virus against field populations of Heliothis on cotton, corn, and grain sorghum.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 7, 227–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaques, R. P. (1971). Tests on protectants for foliar deposits of a polyhedrosis virus.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 17, 9–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinzer, H. G. & Henderson, C. F. (1968). Damage by larvae of the corn earworm to grain sorghum.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 263–267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKinley, D. J. (1971). Nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the cotton bollworm in Central Africa.—Cott. Grow. Rev. 48, 297–303.Google Scholar
Montoya, E. L., Ignoffo, C. M. & McGarr, R. L. (1966). A feeding stimulant to increase effectiveness of, and a field test with, a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 8, 320–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oatman, E. R., Hall, I. M., Arakawa, K. Y., Platner, G. R., Bascom, L. A. & Beegle, C. C. (1970). Control of the corn earworm on sweet-corn in southern California with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus and Bacillus thuringiensis.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 415–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roome, R. E. (1971). A note on the use of biological insecticides against Heliothis armigera (Hbn.) in Botswana.—Proc. Cott. Insect Control Conf., 221–238.Google Scholar
Stairs, G. R. (1971). Use of viruses for microbial control of insects. In Burges, H. D. & Hussey, N. W.(Eds) Microbial control of insects and mites.—97–124. London and New York, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Woodall, K. L. & Ditman, L. P. (1967). Control of the cabbage looper and corn earworm with nuclear polyhedrosis viruses.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1558–1561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar