Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-k7p5g Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T19:22:14.719Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An ecological Study of the “Lucerne Flea” (Smynthurus viridis, Linn.)—II

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

D. Stewart Maclagan
D. Stewart Maclagan
Affiliation:
Research Scholar of the Ministry of Agriculture and Department of Agriculture for Scotland.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Following the method of procedure already outlined, the life-history of Smynthurus viridis, its bionomics in sensu stricto, and the influence of environmental factors under controlled laboratory conditions, having been considered, the next step is an examination of the seasonal cycle of events as occurring in nature. Part II is, therefore, devoted largely to an analysis of the field data, coupled with an interpretation thereof as substantiated by critically planned and controlled laboratory experimentation; this reinforcement being rendered necessary on account of a multiplicity of factors acting simultaneously in nature. The chief difficulty in an investigation of this kind (as with all problems concerned with fluctuations in the numbers of organisms) lies in the fact that there are few methods for obtaining quickly and easily an accurate quantitative sample of the numbers and kind of organisms; and, secondly, there is the difficulty of finding (in a long-inhabited country like Britain) a “normal” environment, i.e., one in which purely natural agencies have been allowed free play over a sufficient interval of time to allow a state of equilibrium to have become established between the various members of the community to which Smynthurus belongs, in their relationship to the physical factors of the environment and to each other.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , July 1932 , pp. 151 - 190
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1932

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Angot, A. (1907). Ann. Bur. cent. météorol. Fr., Paris.Google Scholar
Arrhenius, O. (1921). Influence of Soil Reactions on Earthworms.—Ecology, ii, pp. 255–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atkins, W. R. & Lebour, M. (1923). The hydrogen ion concentration of the soil and of natural waters, in relation to the distribution of snails.—Sci. Proc. Roy. Dublin Soc., xvii, pp. 233–240.Google Scholar
Blackwall, J. (1861–1864). Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland.—Ray Soc.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodenheimer, F. S. (1930). Studien zur Epidemiologie, Oekologie und Physiologie der afrikanischen Wanderheuschrecke (Schistocerca gregaria, Forsk.).—Z. angew. Ent., xv, pp. 1–123.Google Scholar
Brenchley, W. E. (1924). Manuring of Grassland for Hay (Rothamsted Monographs).Google Scholar
Buxton, P. A. (1924). The temperature of the surface of deserts.—J. Ecol., xii, pp. 128–134.Google Scholar
Chapman, R. N. et al. (1926). Ecology of sand dune insects.—Ecology, vii, pp. 416–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, W. C. (1926). Some weather relations of the Pale Western Cutworm (Porosagrotis orthogonia, Morr.).—Ecology, vii, pp. 37–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowther, E. M. (1925). Studies on soil reaction.—J. Agric. Sci., xv, p. 226.Google Scholar
Davies, W. M. (1928). The effect of variation in relative humidity on certain species of Collembola.—Brit. J. Exp. Biol., vi, pp. 79–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eredia, F. (1907). Le precipitazioni atmosferiche in Italia (dal 1880–1905). Rome.Google Scholar
Eredia, F. (1909). La Temperatura in Italia. Rome.Google Scholar
Hann, J. (1911). Handbuch der Klimatologie.—Part III. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Hull, J. E. (1920). The spider family Linyphiidae.—Vasculum vi, pp. 7–11.Google Scholar
Kendrew, W. G. (1922). The climates of the Continents. Oxford.Google Scholar
Krogh, A. (1914). On the influence of temperature on the rate of embryonic development.—Z. allg. Phys., xvi, pp. 163–177.Google Scholar
McCook, H. C. (1889–1893). American spiders and their spinning work.—3 vols. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Peairs, L. M. (1927). Some phases of the relation of temperature to the development of insects.—Bull. West Virginia Agric. Expt. Sta., no. 208, 62 pp.Google Scholar
Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1879–1881). The Spiders of Dorset.Google Scholar
Shelford, V. E. (1927). An experimental investigation of the relations of the Codling Moth to weather and climate.—Ill. St. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull., xvi, pp. 311–440.Google Scholar
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections (1907). World Weather Records, lxxix, Washington.Google Scholar
Thompson, W. R. (1928). A contribution to the study of biological control and parasitic introduction in continental areas.—Parasitology, xx, pp. 90–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, W. R. (1929). On the relative value of parasites and predators in the biological control of insect pests.—Bull. Ent. Res., xix, pp. 343–350.Google Scholar
Williams, C. B. (1921). Report on the Froghopper Blight of sugar-cane in Trinidad. —Mem. Dept. Agric. Trinidad & Tobago, i, 170 pp.Google Scholar
Williams, C. B. (1923). A short bioclimatic study in the Egyptian Desert.—Bull. Min Agric. Egypt, no. 29, 20 pp.Google Scholar