Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-2h6rp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-26T19:10:15.418Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cardiochiles (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of lepidopterous larvae, in the Sahel of Africa, with a review of the biology and host relationships of the genus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

T. Huddleston  and
Annette K. Walker
T. Huddleston
Affiliation:
British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
Annette K. Walker
Affiliation:
CAB International Institute of Entomology, c/o British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In the ecologically sensitive Sahel of West Africa, two major crop pests, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Heliocheilus albipunctella (de Joannis), are attacked by Cardiochiles variegatus Szépligeti and C. sahelensis sp. n., respectively. The twelve Cardiochiles species present in the Sahel are revised, and a key is given for their identification. Five of these species (C. calvus sp. n., C. coelofrons sp. n., C. exiguurus sp. n., C. nixoni sp. n. and C. sahelensis sp. n.) are described, and C. striatus Brues is made a synonym of C. punctatus Szépligeti. Host relationships of the genus worldwide are discussed and the host records, principally involving Pyralidae and Noctuidae, collated. The known biology is summarized from the literature on the North American species C. nigriceps Viereck, and a comprehensive bibliography on the genus is given.

Dans la région écologiquement difficile du Sahel de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, on a découvert que deux importantes variétés d'insectes nuisibles à la culture, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) et Heliocheilus albipunctella (de Joannis), sont attaquées respectivement par Cardiochiles variegatus Szépligeti et C. sahelensis sp. n. Les douze espèces de Cardiochiles qui se trouvent dans la région du Sahel sont réétudiés, et une clé est formulée afin de les identifier. Cinq de ces espèces (C. calvus sp. n., C. coelofrons sp. n., C. exiguurus sp. n., C. nixoni sp. n. et C. sahelensis sp. n.) sont décrites, et C. striatus Brues devient synonyme du C. punctatus Szépligeti. Les rapports universels de ces genres d'hôtes sont discutés ainsi que la comparaison des rapports d'observation, principalement en ce qui concerne les pyralides et les noctuides. La biologie actuelle est resumée de la littérature sur l'espèce C. nigriceps Viereck nord américain et une vaste bibliographie du genre est présentée.

Type
Original Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 78 , Issue 3 , September 1988 , pp. 435 - 461
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ashmead, W. H. (1894). Synopsis of the North American species of Toxoneura Say.—Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 3, 47–53.Google Scholar
Banerji, D. K. & David, H. (1982). Record of some hymenopterous parasites of the sugarcane leaf rollr, Neomarasmia suspicalis Wkr.—Entomon 7, 334–335.Google Scholar
Barrion, A. T., Bandong, J. P., Lumaban, M. D., Pantua, P. C., Apostol, R. A. & Litsinger, J. A. (1979). Natural enemies of the rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrosis medinalis in the Philippines.—Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 4 (2), 18.Google Scholar
Beeson, C. F. C. (1941). The ecology and control of the forest insects of India and the neighbouring countries.—1007 pp. Dehra Dun, The Author, Vasant Press.Google Scholar
Beeson, C. F. C. & Chatterjee, S. N. (1935). On the biology of the Braconidae (Hymenopt.).—Indian Forest Rec. 1, 105–138.Google Scholar
Bhatnager, V. S. (1987). Rapport de synthèse (1981–1986) et recommandations, Sous-Programme Lutte Biologique. Project CILSS de Lutte Intégrée au Sénégal.—168 pp. Rome, Orgn. Nations-Unies Alimentations Agric. (FAO Rapport Technique no. 1 (GCP/RAF/128/CLS)).Google Scholar
Brewer, F. D. & Vinson, S. B. (1971). Chemicals affecting the encapsulation of foreign material in an insect.—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 18, 287–289.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brewer, F. D., Glick, B. & Vinson, S. B. (1973). A comparative study of selected tissues from the parasitoid Cardiochiles nigriceps, its susceptible host Heliothis virescens and a resistant host Heliothis zea by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.—Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (B) 46, 567–574.Google Scholar
Brooks, W. M. (1973). Protozoa: host-parasite-pathogen interrelationships.—Misc. Publs ent. Soc. Am. 9, 105–111.Google Scholar
Brooks, W. M. & Cranford, J. D. (1972). Microsporidoses of the hymenopterous parasites, Campoletis sonorensis and Cardiochiles nigriceps, larval parasites of Heliothis species—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 20, 77–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brues, C. T. (1924). Some South African parasitic Hymenoptera of the families Evaniidae, Braconidae, Alysiidae and Plumariidae in the South African Museum with a catalogue of the known species.—Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 19, 1–150.Google Scholar
Burbutis, (1966). Beneficial insects.—Co-op. econ. Insect Rep. 16, 442.Google Scholar
Chamberlin, F. S. & Tenhet, J. N. (1926). Cardiochiles nigriceps Vier., an important parasite of the tobacco bud worm, Heliothis virescens Fab.—J. agric. Res. 33, 21–27.Google Scholar
Chaudhary, J. P. & Kapil, R. P. (1977). Record of a new host plant of Hymenia recurvalis (F.) and its parasites.—Indian J. Ent. 37, 314.Google Scholar
Dahlman, D. L. & Vinson, S. B. (1975). Trehalose and glucose levels in the hemolymph of Heliothis virescens parasitized by Microplitis croceipes or Cardiochiles nigriceps.—Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (B) 52, 465–468.Google ScholarPubMed
Dalla Torre, K. W. (1898). Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. IV.—323 pp. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Danks, H. V., Rabb, R. L. & Southern, P. S. (1979). Biology of insect parasites of Heliothis larvae in North Carolina.—J. Georgia entomol. Soc. 14, 36–64.Google Scholar
Davies, D. H., Bughardt, R. L. & Vinson, S. B. (1986). Oogenesis of Cardiochiles nigriceps Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): histochemistry and development of the chorion with special reference to the fibrous layer.—Int. J. Insect Morphol. & Embryol. 15, 363–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Gaulle, J. (1907). Catalogue systématique et biologique des Hyménoptères de France.—Feuille jeun. Nat. 38, 185–189.Google Scholar
De Saeger, H. (1948). Cardiochilinae et Sigalphinae (Hymenoptera, Apocrita) Fam. Braconidae.—Explor. Parc natn. Albert Miss. G. F. de Witte 53, 272 pp.Google Scholar
Dunbar, J. P. & Johnson, A. W. (1975). Bacillus thuringiensis: effects on the survival of a tobacco budworm parasitoid and predator in the laboratory.—Environ. Entomol. 4, 352–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duţu-Laˇcaˇtuşu, M. (1958). Noi contributii la studiul braconidelor (hymenoptere parazite).—Studii Cerc. Biol. 10, 260.Google Scholar
Edson, K. M., Barlin, M. R. & Vinson, S. B. (1982). Venom apparatus of braconid wasps:comparative ultrastructure of reservoirs and gland filaments.—Toxicon 20, 553–562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Enderlein, G. (1906). Die indo-australischen und afrikanischen Cardiochilinen.—Stettin. ent. Ztg 67, 245–252.Google Scholar
Fischer, M. & Parshad, B. (1968). A new reared braconid-fly (Hymenoptera) from India.—Polskie Pismo ent. 38, 807–810.Google Scholar
Fix, L. A. & Plapp, F. W. Jr. (1983). Effect of parasitism on the susceptibility of the tobacco bud-worm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to methyl parathion and permethrin.—Environ. Entomol. 12, 976–978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fulmek, L. (1962). Parasitinsekten der Blattminierer Europas.—203 pp. The Hague, W. Junk.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuxa, J. R. & Brooks, W. M. (1979). Effects of Vairimorpha necatrix in sprays and corn meal on Heliothis species in tobacco, soybeans, and sorghum.—J. econ. Ent. 72, 462–467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gahukar, R. T., Guevremont, H., Bhatnagar, V. S., Doumbia, Y. O., Ndoye, M. & Pierrard, G. (1986). A review of the pest status of the millet spike worm, Raghuva albipunctella de Joannis (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) and its management in the Sahel.—Insect Sci. Applic. 7, 457–463.Google Scholar
Gardner, T. R. (1957). Collection and distribution of beneficial insects in the Pacific area and Southeast Asia.—Proc. 8th Pacif. Sci. Congr. 3A, 1478.Google Scholar
Grayson, J. M. (1944). Two important parasites of the tobacco budworm.—J. econ. Ent. 37, 712–713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guillot, F. S. & Vinson, S. B. (1973). Effect of parasitism by Cardiochiles nigriceps on food consumption and utilization by Heliothis virescens.—J. Insect Physiol. 19, 2073–2082.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guillot, F. S., Joiner, R. L. & Vinson, S. B. (1974). Host discrimination: isolation of hydrocarbons from Dufour's gland of a braconid parasitoid.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 67, 720–721.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Györfi, J. (1959). Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Wirte verschiedener Braconiden-Arten (Hymenoptera, Braconidae).—Acta zool. hung. 5, 49–65.Google Scholar
Hallman, G. (1980). Huéspedes y enemigos naturales de Heliothis spp., en la región algodonera del Departamento del Tolima, Colombia.—Turrialba 30, 272–279.Google Scholar
Hays, D. B. & Vinson, S. B. (1971). Acceptance of Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) as a host by the parasite Cardiochiles nigriceps Viereck (Hymenoptera, Braconidae).—Anim. Behav. 19, 344–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joiner, R. L., Vinson, S. B. & Benskin, J. B. (1973). Teratocytes as a source of juvenile hormone activity in a parasitoid-host relationship.—Nature: New Biology 246, 120–121.Google Scholar
Kahn, M. A. A., Vinson, S. B. & Mitlin, N. (1976). Effect of the parasitoid, Cardiochiles nigriceps, on the nitrogen excretion of its host, Heliothis virescens.—J. Insect Physiol. 22, 51–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriechbaumer, J. (1894). Hymenoptera ichneumonidea a medico nautico Dr Joh. Brauns in itinere ad oras Africae occidentalis lecta.—Berl. ent. Z. 39, 43–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, W. J. & Brazzel, J. R. (1966). Biological relationships between Cardiochiles nigriceps and the Heliothis complex.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 820–823.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, W. J., Brazzel, J. R. & Vinson, S. B. (1967). Heliothis subflexa, a host for Cardiochiles nigriceps.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 615–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, W. J., Sparks, A. N., Jones, R. L. & Barras, D. J. (1972). Efficiency of Cardiochiles nigriceps as a parasite of Heliothis virescens on cotton.—Environ. Entomol. 1, 468–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, W. J. & Vinson, S. B. (1968 a). Immunological relationships between the parasite Cardiochiles nigriceps Viereck and certain Heliothis species.—J. Insect Physiol. 14, 613–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, W. J. & Vinson, S. B. (1968 b). Egg and larval development of Cardiochiles nigriceps.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 61, 561–565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, W. J. & Vinson, S. B. (1971). Suitability of certain Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as hosts for the parasite Cardiochiles nigriceps.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 64, 970–972.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindquist, O. H. & Bowser, R. L. (1966). A biological study of the leaf miner, Chrysopeleia ostryaella Chambers (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterygidae), on ironwood in Ontario.—Can. Ent. 98, 252–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
López, J. D. Jr. (1982). Emergence pattern of an overwintering population of Cardiochiles nigriceps in central Texas.—Environ. Entomol. 11, 838–842.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynn, D. C. & Vinson, S. B. (1977). Effects of temperature, host age, and hormones upon the encapsulation of Cardiochiles nigriceps eggs by Heliothis spp.—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 29, 50–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mammen, K. V. & Joseph, K. V. (1965). Biology of the pea leaf roller, Nacoleia vulgalis Guence. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).—Agric. Res. J. Kerala 3, 51–54.Google Scholar
Mantero, G. (1904). Res ligusticae xxxiii. Materiali per un catalogo degli Imenotteri liguri.—Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Giacomo Doria 41, 14–51.Google Scholar
Mao, Y. T. (1949). The species of ichneumon-flies of the genus Cardiochiles occurring in America north of Mexico.—Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 99, 229–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marsh, P. M. (1978). The braconid parasites (Hymenoptera) of Heliothis species (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae).—Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 80, 15–36.Google Scholar
Marsh, P. M. (1979). Family Braconidae.—pp. 144–295in Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D. Jr., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds). Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Instn Press.Google Scholar
Marsh, P. M. (1986). A new species of Cardiochiles (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) introduced into Florida to control Diaphania spp. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).—Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 88, 131–133.Google Scholar
Marshall, T. A. (1889). In André, E. (Ed.). Species des Hyménoptères d'Europe et d'Algérie. Vol. 4—609 pp. Beaune, Cote-d'Or.Google Scholar
Matthews, M. (1987). The African species of Heliocheilus Grote (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).—Syst. Entomol. 12, 459–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Messenger, P. S. (1974). Procedures for conducting a biological control program against Heliothis armigera.—Pl. Prot. Serv. Tech. Bull. no. 19, 17 pp.Google Scholar
Meyer, N. F. (1934). Schlupfwespen, die in Russland in den letzten Jahren aus Schädlingen gezogen sind.—Z. angew. Ent. 20, 611–618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (1951). Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico—synoptic catalog.—Agriculture Monogr. no. 2, 1420 pp.Google Scholar
Neunzig, H. H. (1963). Wild host plants of the corn earworm and the tobacco budworm in eastern North Carolina.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 135–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norton, W. N. & Vinson, S. B. (1974 a). Antennal sensilla of three parasitic Hymenoptera.—Int. J. Insect Morphol. & Embryol. 3, 305–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norton, W. N. & Vinson, S. B. (1974 b). A comparative ultrastructural and behavioral study of the antennal sensory sensilla of the parasitoid, Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).—J. Morph. 142, 329–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nyiira, Z. M. (1970). A note on the natural enemies of lepidopterous larvae in cotton bolls in Uganda.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 1461–1462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odak, S. C. & Dhamdhere, S. V. (1970). New record of hymenopterous parasites of Sylepta lunalis Guen (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a pest of grapevines.—Indian J. Ent. 32, 395.Google Scholar
Parsons, F. S. (1940). Investigations on the cotton bollworm, Heliothis armigera, Hübn. (obsoleta, Fabr.). Part II. The incidence of parasites in quantitative relation to bollworm populations in South Africa.—Bull. ent. Res. 31, 89–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabb, R. L., Neunzig, H. H. & Marshall, H. V. Jr. (1964). Effect of certain cultural practices on the abundance of tobacco hornworms, tobacco budworms, and corn earworms on tobacco after harvest.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 791–792.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabb, R. L., Scott, H. E., Guthrie, F. E. & Smith, C. F. (1959). Tobacco insects of North Carolina and their natural enemies.—Bull. N. Carol. agric. Exp. Stn no. 394, 32 pp.Google Scholar
Riley, C. V. & Howard, L. O. (1890). Some of the bred parasitic Hymenoptera in the National Collection.—Insect Life 3, 57–61.Google Scholar
Rondani, C. (1876). Repertorio degli insetti parassite delle loro vittime. Supplemento.—Boll. Soc. ent. ital. 8, 54–70.Google Scholar
Rondani, C. (1878). Repertorio degli insetti parassite delle loro vittime. Supplemento alla seconda parte.—Boll. Soc. ent. ital. 10, 9–33.Google Scholar
Rudow, (1917). Braconiden und ihre Wirte.—Ent. Z. 31, 86–87.Google Scholar
Sanderson, E. D. (1906). Report on miscellaneous cotton insects in Texas.—Bull. Bur. Ent., U.S. Dep. Agric. no. 57, 1–63.Google Scholar
Shenefelt, R. D. (1973). Braconidae 5, Microgasterinae & Ichneutinae.—pp. 669–812in van der Vecht, J. & Shenefelt, R. D. (Eds). Hymenopterorum catalogus (nov. ed.) no. 9. Gravenhage, W. Junk.Google Scholar
Singh, R. P. & Parshad, B. (1970). Biological notes on Cardiochiles hymeniae Max Fischer and Baldev Parshad (Braconidae: Hymenoptera).—Indian J. Ent. 32, 127–129.Google Scholar
Smith, R. C. & Franklin, W. W. (1954). The garden webworm—Loxostege similalis Guen. as an alfalfa pest in Kansas.—J. Kans. ent. Soc. 27, 27–38.Google Scholar
Snow, J. W. & Burton, R. L. (1967). Seasonal occurrence of the Heliothis complex on Desmodium purpureum with observations on parasitism by Cardiochiles nigriceps.—J. Georgia entomol. Soc. 2, 47–52.Google Scholar
Sroka, P. & Vinson, S. B. (1978). Phenoloxidase activity in the haemolymph of parasitized and unparasitized Heliothis virescens.—Insect Biochem. 8, 399–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoltz, D. B., Vinson, S. B. & MacKinnon, E. A. (1976). Baculovirus-like particles in the reproductive tracts of female parasitoid wasps.—Can. J. Microbiol. 22, 1013–1023.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strand, M. R. & Vinson, S. B. (1982). Behavioral response of the parasitoid Cardiochiles nigriceps to a kairomone.—Entomologia exp. appl. 31, 308–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szépligeti, G. V. (1913). Neue afrikanische Braconiden aus der Sammiung des Ungarischen National-Museums.—Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 11, 592–608.Google Scholar
Szépligeti, G. V. (1914). Afrikanische Braconiden des Königl. Zoologischen Museums in Berlin.—Mitt. zool. Mus. Berl. 7, 153–230.Google Scholar
Telenga, N. A. (1955). Hymenoptera. Fam. Braconidae. Subfam. Microgasterinae, subfam. Agathinae [in Russian].—Fauna SSSR 5 (4), 312 pp.Google Scholar
Thompson, S. N. (1983). Biochemical and physiological effects of metazoan parasites on their host species.—Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (B) 74, 183–211.Google ScholarPubMed
Thompson, W. R. (1953). A catalogue of the parasites and predators of insect pests. Section 2. Host parasite catalogue. Part 2. Hosts of the Hymenoptera (Agaonidae to Braconidae).—190 pp. Ottawa, Ontario, CIBC.Google Scholar
Tingle, F. C. & Mitchell, E. R. (1982). Effect of synthetic pheromone on parasitization of Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in tobacco.—Environ. Entomol. 11, 913–916.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tobias, V. I. (1954). Data relating to the fauna and biology of Braconidae of western Kazakhstan [in Russian].—Trudȳ zool. Inst., Leningr. 16, 417–426.Google Scholar
Van Achterberg, C. (1984). Essay on the phylogeny of Braconidae (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonoidea).—Ent. Tidskr. 105, 41–58.Google Scholar
Viereck, H. L. (1912). Descriptions of one new family, eight new genera, and thirty-three new species of ichneumon-flies.—Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 43, 575–593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1968). Source of a substance in Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) that elicits a searching response in its habitual parasite Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 61, 8–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1969). General morphology of the digestive and internal reproductive systems of adult Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62, 1414–1419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vinson, S. B. (1971). Defense reaction and hemocytic changes in Heliothis virescens in response to its habitual parasitoid Cardiochiles nigriceps.—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 18, 94–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vinson, S. B. (1972 a). Competition and host discrimination between two species of tobacco bud-worm parasitoids.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 65, 229–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1972 b). Factors involved in successful attack on Heliothis virescens by the parasitoid Cardiochiles nigriceps.—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 20, 118–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1974 a). The role of the foreign surface and female parasitoid secretions on the immune response of an insect.—Parasitology 68, 27–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1974 b). Effect of an insect growth regulator on two parasitoids developing from treated tobacco budworm larvae.—J. econ. Ent. 67, 335–336.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vinson, S. B. (1975). Biochemical coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts.—pp. 14–18 in Price, P. W. (Ed.). Evolutionary strategies of parasitic insects and mites.—224 pp. New York, Plenum.Google Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1976). Host selection by insect parasitoids.—A. Rev. Ent. 21, 109–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1977 a). Microplitis croceipes: inhibitions of the Heliothis zea defence reaction to Cardiochiles nigriceps.—Expl Parasit. 41, 112–117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vinson, S. B. (1977 b). Insect host responses against parasitoids and the parasitoids resistance with emphasis on the Lepidoptera-Hymenoptera association.—Comp. Pathobiol. 3, 103–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. (1978). Courtship behavior and sources of a sexual pheromone from Cardiochiles nigriceps.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 71, 832–837.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Ables, J. R. (1980). Interspecific competition among endoparasitoids of tobacco budworm larvae (Lep.: Noctuidae).—Entomophaga 25, 357–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Barras, D. J. (1970). Effects of the parasitoid, Cardiochiles nigriceps. on the growth, development, and tissues of Heliothis virescens.—J. Insect Physiol. 16, 1329–1338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Guillot, F. S. (1972). Host marking: source of a substance that results in host discrimination in insect parasitoids.—Entomophaga 17, 241–245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B., Guillot, F. S. & Hays, D. B. (1973). Rearing of Cardiochiles nigriceps in the laboratory, with Heliothis virescens as hosts.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 66, 1170–1172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Iwantsch, G. F. (1980). Host suitability for insect parasitoids.—A. Rev. Ent. 25, 397–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B., Jones, R. L., Sonnet, P. E., Bierl, B. A. & Beroza, M. (1975). Isolation, identification and synthesis of host-seeking stimulants for Cardiochiles nigriceps, a parasitoid of tobacco budworm.—Entomologia exp. appl. 18, 443–450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Lewis, W. J. (1965). A method of host selection by Cardiochiles nigriceps.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 869–871.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Lewis, W. J. (1973). Teratocytes: growth and numbers in the hemocoel of Heliothis virescens attacked by Microplitis croceipes.—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 22, 351–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Scott, J. R. (1974). Ultrastructure of teratocytes of Cardiochiles nigriceps Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).—Int. J. Insect Morphol. & Embryol. 3, 293–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Scott, J. R. (1975). Particles containing DNA associated with the oocyte of an insect parasitoid.—J. Invertebr. Pathol. 25, 375–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinson, S. B. & Sroka, P. (1978). Effects of superparasitism by a solitary endosparasitoid on the host, parasitoid and field samplings.—Southwestern Entomologist 3, 299–304.Google Scholar