Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wbk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-15T07:55:01.087Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Developmental studies on Anagyrus mangicola (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the mealybug Rastrococcus invadens (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

A.E. Cross*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Biological Control, Silwood Park, Ascot, UK
D. Moore
Affiliation:
International Institute of Biological Control, Silwood Park, Ascot, UK
*
Mr A.E. Cross, International Institute of Biological Control, Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berks SL5 7TA. UK.

Abstract

Anagyrus mangicola Noyes, a primary parasitoid of the mealybug Rastrococcus invadens Williams, a pest of fruit crops in West Africa, was studied under controlled conditions at 27°C and 75% r.h. Data are given on the larval stages, their morphology and duration of immature development. The sex ratios of emerging parasitoids, adult longevity, host stage preference, the relationship of the size of the emerging parasitoid to host stage and development time are also investigated.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agounké, D., Agricola, U. & Bokonon-Ganta, H.A. (1988) Rastrococcus invadens Williams (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), a serious exotic pest of fruit trees and other plants in West Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 695702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agricola, U., Agounké, D., Fischer, H.U. & Moore, D. (1989) The control of Rastrococcus invadens (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Togo by the introduction of Gyranusoidea tebygi Noyes (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, 671678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avidov, Z., Rössler, Y. & Rosen, D. (1967) Studies on an Israel strain of Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (Hym: Encyrtidae). II. Some biological aspects. Entomophaga 12, 111118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clausen, C.P. (1940) Entomophagous insects. pp. 168189. New York, Hafner Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Löhr, B., Neuenschwander, P., Varela, A.M. & Santos, B. (1988) Interactions between the female parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi (DeSantis) (Hym., Encyrtidae) and its host, the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Horn., Pseudococcidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 105, 403412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Löhr, B., Santos, B. & Varela, A.M. (1989) Larval development and morphometry of Epidinocarsis lopezi (DeSantis) (Hym., Encyrtidae), parasitoid of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. (Horn., Pseudococcidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 107, 334343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maple, J.D. (1947) The eggs and first instar larvae of Encyrtidae and their morphological adaptations for respiration. University of California Publications in Entomology 8, 25122.Google Scholar
Narasimham, A.U. & Chacko, M.J. (1988) Rastrococcus spp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and their natural enemies in India as potential biocontrol agents for R. invadens Williams. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 703708.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nechols, J.R. & Kikuchi, R.S. (1985) Host selection of the spherical mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) by Anagyrus indicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): influence of host stage on parasitoid oviposition, development, sex ratio, and survival. Environmental Entomology 14, 3237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noyes, J.S. (1988) Gyranusoidea tebygi sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of Rastrococcus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on mango in India. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 313316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noyes, J.S. (1990) A new species of Anagyrus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India attacking Rastrococcus invadens (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), a pest of mango and citrus in West Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research 80, 203207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odebiyi, J.A. & Bokonon-Ganta, A.H. (1986) Biology of Epidinocarsis (=Apoanagyrus) lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) an exotic parasite of cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in Nigeria. Entomophaga 31, 251260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Dijken, M.J., van Alphen, J.J.M. & van Stratum, P. (1989) Sex allocation in Epidinocarsis lopezi: local mate competition. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 52, 249255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, D.J. (1986) Rastrococcus invadens sp. n. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) introduced from the Oriental Region to West Africa and causing damage to mango, citrus and other trees. Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 695699.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willink, E. & Moore, D. (1988) Aspects of the biology of Rastrococcus invadens Williams (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), a pest of fruit crops in West Africa, and one of its primary parasitoids, Gyranusoidea tebygi Noyes (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 709715.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, E.J. (1986) Immature stages of Encyrtus saliens (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an imported parasite of ice plant scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) In California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 79, 273279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar