Ānandavardhana has been assigned by Biihler and Jacobi to the middle of the ninth century, on the strength of Rājatarangi, v. 34, which makes him one of the ornaments of the court of Avantivarman (A.D. 855–84). The statements of Kalhana; no doubt, must be accepted with caution, but it is unlikely, as we shall see from several other considerations, that the tradition in Kāśmīr, thus embodied in the Rāja-tarangi, regarding a famous author, should have maintained a false or unfounded account. We are pretty certain of the time of Abhinavagupta, Ānandavardhana's commentator; for, as he himself states, his commentary on the Īśvara-pratyabhijñā was written in A.D. 1014–15, while his Krama-stotra was composed in A.D. 991. This would certainly place him towards the end of the tenth and the beginning of the eleventh century.