^{page 5 note 1} Brockelmann, SUP, II, 554–5.

^{page 5 note 2} ‘Forms of plea, a Šāfi‘ī manual from al-Šiḥr’, Rivista degli Studi Orientali, XXX, 1955, 1–15.Google Scholar

^{page 5 note 3} See BSOAS, XIII, 2, 1950, 286.

^{page 5 note 4} Ibn al-‘Aidarūs, al-Nūr al-Sāfir, 1934, 147.

^{page 5 note 5} This term is evidently unfamiliar, as a marginal note adds, ‘Huwa 'l-billawr ’.

^{page 5 note 6} Fenugreek is much eaten in the Yemen, cf. my article ‘Star-calendars’, Anthropos, XLIX, 1954,452.Google Scholar Its use as described here seems to be universal. Ḥaḍramīs say the seeds especially have medicinal properties.

^{page 5 note 7} Galls seem to have been imported from India into Aden. cf.al-Fitan, Ambrosiana MS no. H. 130, composed in H. 815/A.D. 1412–3.

^{page 6 note 1} According to the al-Fitan coral was imported to Aden from Egypt and India. It is not commonly seen now in south Arabia, but a coral coloured bead is widely sold and sewn on to clothing or hung with or without amulets on children's necks.

^{page 6 note 2} Women of all classes tint their feet with henna and draw patterns on it.

^{page 6 note 3} Huwailik is evidently a local word, dā’ is doubtless from the Greek.

^{page 6 note 4} Javanese incense, is still used in southern Arabia. A little red-hot charcoal is placed in a stone or pottery incense-burner and the incense added. The Arab sits over the incense-burner, draping his clothing tent-wise over and around it so that the scented smoke pervades his whole person. Sultan Badr b. ‘Abdullāh of Ḥaḍramawt who ascended the throne in H. 1058 (A.D. 1648), had in ຒufār groves of lubānāincense (olibanum) which he used to crop. He had large factories (ma‘āmil) to clean it, and used to lade his own ships with it and they would sail to the neighbouring lands. (Muḥ. b. Ḥaḍramawt al-Dawlat Cairo, 1948, 76.)

^{page 6 note 5} Costus is a well-known import to Aden from India. See al-Fitan and other sources.

^{page 7 note 1} C. v. Landberg, Glossaire describes ḳuḝrān at Baiḥān as ‘cendres du râ’, but in Ḥaḍramawt, ‘on le fait de l'arbre sumur, en l'incisant, jusqu’à ce que sorte la résine ’.

^{page 7 note 2} Buṡailah and rosewater are sprinkled on shrouds (cf.‘The Cemeteries of Tarīm ‘, Le Muséon, LXII, 1949, 137Google Scholar).

^{page 7 note 3} The al-Fitan gives two types of cinnamon, that imported from Malabar, and a type known as al-Sīlī (from Ceylon ?).

^{page 7 note 4} Chinese camphor is noted by the al-Fitan and indeed by all Arabic sources from the earliest times, and sandal-wood the well-known perfume appears in the al-Fitan as an import from Macassar (al-ṡandal al-Maḳāṡarț); a type is also mentioned, the name perhaps referring to the Coromandel coast.

^{page 7 note 5} According to Siggel, A., Arabisch-deutsches Wörterbuch der Stoffe …, Berlin, 1950Google Scholar, is Pottaschen-pflanze. z. B. Salsola Kali L., Salicornia u. a. Cheriopodiaceen. Lane, Lexicon, Kali, glasswort, potassium carbonate. It is probably still in use in the Aden Protectorate. Hamdān, ī, Ṣifat Djazīrat al-‘Arab, ed. Müller, D.H., Leiden, 1884, 157Google Scholar, gives the word ḥurḍ as a synonym of

^{page 7 note 6} Rīh is used in a much wider sense than ‘wind’ in southern Arabia, for certain bodily affections. Again, near Bedouin meeting us covered their faces when speaking to us as a protection against a rțh, presumably an infection.

^{page 7 note 7} For the various recipes for a scent known all over the medieval Arab world, see Garbers, K., Buch über die Chemie des Parfüms und die Distillalionen, Leipzig, 1948Google Scholar (al-Kindț). It was imported to Aden from ຒufār al-Ḥabūຓī according to the al-Fitan. The recipe for the ຒufār perfume is given in verses quoted by Abū (Löfgren, O. (ed.), Arabische Texte …, Uppsala, 1936, II, I, 90Google Scholar), musk, ambergris, a perfume, prepared from a black pitchlike substance called rāmak, with an oil or ghee base, all mixed together in specified proportions.

^{page 8 note 1} There are to-day ten ḳaflahs to the ūḳīyah or ocque which is equivalent to the weight of a Maria Theresa dollar.

^{page 8 note 2} It must be recalled that the ibex is an animal of special significance in Ḥaḍramawt. It is the animal that is sought after by the hunters in the ancient ceremonial hunting of the country. On the way back from Hūd one of our servants bought two ibex teeth from passing Bedouin after an argument lasting until our two parties were nearly out of earshot of one another. These teeth he had mounted on silver to suspend round the necks of his children.