^{page 1 note b} Lieut.-Col. Thomas Dolman or Doleman, sent to England in Dec. 1652, to arrange a treaty with the United Provinces (see an account of him in Aa, Biogr. Woorderiboelt, iv. p. 240). Hyde feared him a3 a man of parts, with credit enough to do mischief (Cat. Clar. St. Pap. ii. pp. 162, 170). Some of his intercepted correspondence is in Thurloe, vol. i., together with a letter (p. 576) from Beverning recommending him to De Witt, and stating that he was supported by the bounty of Cromwell.

^{page 1 note c} See Hyde's letter of 20 Dec. 1652 (Clar. St. Pap. iii. p. 128).

^{page 2 note a} Joachim Wicqnefort, brother of the more famous Abraham and Kesident in Holland for the Elector of Hesse. See Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. p. 165.

^{page 2 note b} He had a pass for himself and two servants on 22 Nov. 1652 (Cal. St. Pap, 1651–2, p. 577). Hyde had the worst opinion of him (Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. pp. 171, 198, 268).

^{page 2 note c} See Clar. St. Pap. iii. p. 130.

^{page 3 note a} See vol. i. p. 306. He was now Pensionary of Holland.

^{page 3 note b} Apparently the same of whom Hyde, 28 Dec. 1652, speaks as an Independent, and as having married “a physician's daughter about Nottingham” (Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. p. 165). He had a pass to go abroad in Sept. 1652 (Cal. St. Pap. 1651–2, p. 573).

^{page 4 note a} He was committed to the Tower, 27 Nov. 1651, after the defeat at “Worcester, but escaped 30 Aug. 1652 (Gal. St. Pap. 1651–2, pp. 35, 387).

^{page 4 note b} Like Massey, Middleton had escaped from the Tower, 14 Jan. 1652 (ib. p. 101).

^{page 4 note c} See vol. i. pp. 297, 298.

^{page 5 note a} See vol. i. p. 307.

^{page 5 note b} The resolution for his release passed the Council 14 Jan., and the warrant was issued on the 17th (Cal. St. Pap. 1652–3, pp. 102, 464). See Clarendon, Hist., ed. 1849, v. p. 369.

^{page 5 note c} Richard Lovell, wno had been tutor to Robert Spencer, Earl of Sunderland, grandson of the Countess of Leicester, in whose charge the Dnke had formerly been placed. Clarendon has a favourable notice of him (ibid.) Several letters from him will be found further on.

^{page 5 note d} Second son of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire, and himself 3rd Earl in 1679; or 4th soa of Sir Will. Howard of Naworth, and younger brother of Charles, 1st Earl of Carlisle.

^{page 6 note a} Apparently sent by Nicholas to Hycte and referrred to by the latter in a letter of 10 Oct. (Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. p. 262). Who, or where, “Vren” was, I cannot say.

^{page 6 note a} Elizabeth Murray, best known as the wife of John, Duke of Lauderdale, whom she married in 1672, being then widow of Sir Lionel Tollemaehe (d. 1669), and Countess of Dysart in her own right. See an account of her in Eurnet, who speaks of Cromwell's fondness for her (Hist, of his own Times, ed. 1833, i. p. 448).

^{page 6 note e} Col. John Bampfield, who had contrived the escape of the Duke of York to France in 1648. He was afterwards one of Cromwell's spies at the Court of Charles II. (Thurloe, St. Pap. ii. p. 510).

^{page 8 note a} Dr. J. O'Callaghan—“an honest man, and always preached obedience to the people” (Hyde, in the letter referred to just below, Clar, St. Pap. iii. p. 158). The mission was abandoned owing to the opposition of the religious orders and the Jesuits, and the alarm of many Protestants (Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. p. 200).

^{page 8 note b} George Digby, 2nd Earl, who bad just succeeded, his father having died on 6 Jan.

^{page 8 note c} Sir Edw. Herbert, late Attorney-General, sworn in as Lord Keeper, 8 April (Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. p. 191).

^{page 9 note a} Sent on a mission to Denmark to ask for arms and other help. See his Commission, 15 April, in Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. p. 192.

^{page 10 note a} See vol. i. p. 288.

^{page 11 note a} Master of the Ceremonies to Charles I. in 1641, and knighted at Oxford, 21 Mar. 1644–5. At this time he was Steward to the Queen of Bohemia, and in 1656 Secretary to the Duke of Gloucester (Archceologia, XXXV. p. 343).

^{page 12 note a} The Long Parliament was dismissed on 19 April.

^{page 13 note a} John Bramhall (see vol. i. pp. 222, 318).

^{page 13 note b} Robert Sheringham, ejected fellow of Goirville and Caius College. Wood says that he taught Oriental languages at Eotterdam (Atk. Oxon. iii. 1108). For his book against subjects opposing the King with arms, see Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. pp. 143, 243.

^{page 14 note a} On and June, the English being commanded by Blake and Monck, and the Dutch by Van Tromp and De Witt.

^{page 15 note a} Of Staresmore or Frolesworth, co Leic. (Nichols, Leicestershire, iv. p. 190); knighted at Breda in 1650 (B.M., Add. MS. 32102, f. 84b).

^{page 15 note b} Lewis Gordon, 3rd Marquis, 1649. He died in December of this year.

^{page 15 note c} Kenneth Mackenzie, 3rd Earl, 1651. He submitted to Monck on 10 Jan. 1655 (see articles in Cat St. Pap. p. 13).

^{page 15 note a} Alexander Lindsay, 2nd Lord Balcarres, 1641 ; cr. Earl of Balcarres, 1651. He retired abroad in 1654 and acted as Charles's Secretary for Scotland.

^{page 15 note e} John Murray, 2nd Earl, 1642.

^{page 17 note a} He proved a traitor, like Bampfield. See his letter to Cromwell offering information, July, 1654, speaking of his own release by the Protector's farour from Edinburgh Castle and his son's release after the battle of Worcester (Thurloe, ii. p 467). “Homburg” is for “Hamburg.”

^{page 18 note a} Monck's victory of 29, 31 July, Van Tromp being killed.

^{page 18 note b} William Frederic, Connt of Kassau-Dietz, Statholder of Friesland. He married in 1652 Albertina, sister of the late Prince of Orange. He had just been nominated by the province of Zealand lieutenant to the infant prince as captain-general. (Thurloe, i. p. 369).

^{page 19 note a} Peter Mewes, ejected from his fellowship in 1648. He had his reward after the Restoration in numerous preferments, ending with the bishoprics of Bath and Wells (1672), and of Winchester, (1684). See Wood's Athena; Oxon. iv. 888Google Scholar. For Hyde's answer, see Clar. St. Pap. iii. p. 186.

^{page 19 note b} Joseph Crowther, fellow of St. John's, Oxford, in 1628 (ej. 1618), and prebendary of St. Paul's in 1642. After the Restoration he became Regius Professor of Greek (1660–5), Principal of St. Mary Hall (1664), etc., and died in 1689 (Foster, Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714).

^{page 20 note a} See Clar. St. Pap. iii. p. 186 ; and Cat. ii. p. 243.

^{page 21 note a} Sir Robert Moray or Murray, afterwards Secretary of State for Scotland; known also as one of the founders and first President of the Eoyal Society. For a eulogy of him, see Burnet, ed. 1833, i. p. 108.

^{page 21 note b} William Cunningham, Earl of Glencairn, 1631; the leader of the Scotch rising of Aug. 1653.

^{page 21 note c} George Morley, afterwards Bishop of Winchester (see vol. i. p. 208).

^{page 23 note a} Bunce, James, Alderman of London; knt. in May, 1660 (Her. and Geneal., iv., 1867, p. 282)Google Scholar.

^{page 23 note b} Cromwell's Master of the Ceremonies.

^{page 24 note n} Jerome van Beverninck, one of three Dutch envoys pent to England to treat for peace at the end of June, 1653. He remained behind when his colleagues returned in August (Thurloe, i. pp. 299, 389)

^{page 26 note a} A sum of 200,000 rix-dollars was granted to the King by the Diet at Ratisbon (Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. p. 268)Google Scholar.

^{page 27 note a} This is the forged letter referred to by Burnet, ed. 1833, i. p. 110: “Sir Robert Murray was in such credit in that little army that Lord Glencairn took a strange course to break it and to ruin him. A letter was pretended to be found at Antwerp as writ by him to William Murray of the Bedchamber [Dysart].…. He had a lewd creature there, whom he turned off ; and she to be revenged on him framed the plot against him. This ill-forged letter gave an account of a bargain Sir Robert had made with Monk for killing the King, which waa to be executed by Mr. Murray ; so he prayed him in his letter to make haste and dispatch it. This was brought to the Earl of Glencairn, and Sir Robert was severely questioned upon it and put in arrest.” See also Hyde to Nicholas, 27 Feb. 1654, Clar. St. Pap. iii. p. 221 ; and Cal. ii. p. 279, etc.

^{page 103 note a} Col. Richard Overtoil, Governor of Hull, sent to succeed Col. Morgan (Whiteock, p. 606).

^{page 104 note a} “Mr. Barrow, the late King's linen-draper” (Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. p. 129).

^{page 104 note b} So Whitelock, 27 Sept., p. 606. Henry Howard, second son of Henry Frederic, Earl of Arundel, succeeded his brother as Duke of Norfolk in 1677. He was convicted of manslaughter, having acted in self-defence, 12 Feb., 1655 (Perfect Diurnall, No. 270, 5–12 Feb.).

^{page 105 note c} Whitelock, 17 and 27 Oct., states that 700 barrels of powder exploded, 500 persons being killed, and 500 houses burnt (p. 607).

^{page 105 note a} Thomas Killigrew, late ambassador at Venice.

^{page 105 note b} See above, p. 60 ; and for the information they brought from Scotland, Cal.Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 441

^{page 107 note a} So Whitelock, 19 Sept., p. 606.

^{page 107 note b} Col. Thomas Blagge, now on his way to Scotland to Middleton (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 394).

^{page 108 note a} See the articles agreed upon, 23 Sept., in Cal. St. Pap., p. 370.

^{page 108 note b} The accident happened on 29 Sept.(9 Oct.), so that the news had been long in reaching the Hague.

^{page 109 note a} Perhaps the Col. William Owen named by Manning the spy to Thurloe, 26 June, 1655, as having been engaged “in the late design” (Cal. St. Pap., 1655, p. 219).

^{page 110 note a} Lady Stanhope, then wife of Heer van Heenvliet; she married Col. Daniel O'Neile as her third husband (vol. i. p. 203, note).

^{page 110 note b} Lucy Walters, Monmouth's mother, who took the name Barlow when she accompanied her kinsman John Barlow to Paris in 1648 (E. Laws, Little England beyond Wales, 1888, p. 353). There is much scandal about her in 1657 in the Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. pp. 392–401. In the interval she had returned to England and been imprisoned in the Tower, whence she was released on 1 July, 1656, to be sent back to Flanders with her child (Cal. St. Pap., p. 4).

^{page 111 note a} Presumably Arthur Chichester, cr. Earl of Donegal in 1647.

^{page 113 note a} Hatton married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Charles Montagu, younger brother of Edward Montagu, 1st Lord Montagu of Boughton, whose daughter Elizabeth was wife of Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey (d. 1642).

^{page 115 note a} On his way to Scotland with letters from the King to Middleton, Athol, Seaforth, and others (see Cal. Glar. St. Pap., ii. p. 409).

^{page 116 note a} “these two” : so according to the Key, but the interlined decipherment is “strength of.”

^{page 123 note a} See vol. i. p. 281.

^{page 130 note a} For the King's letters on the subject to his mother, the Dukes of York and Gloucester, and Lord Jermyn, with his instructions to Ormonde to proceed to Paris to fetch the Duke of Gloucester, all dated on 10 Nov., see Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. pp. 419–422.

^{page 132 note a} William O'Brien, who succeeded his father as 2nd Earl of Inchiquin in 1674.

^a Chamberlain to the Princess of Orange.

^a Don Alonso de Cardenas, Spanish ambassador at London.

^{page 140 note a} Henry Knox, sent by Balcarres to Scotland as his agent. See his instructions, dat. 7 Nov., in Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 389. He was perhaps the “little Scotch vicar … one Mr. Knox” mentioned by Hyde (Hist. v. p. 261) as having come to Paris with Middleton in 1652.

^{page 140 note b} Probably a mistake for 244, i.e. Lord Gerard.

^{page 143 note a} Charles Drelincourt, pastor at Charenton from 1620 till his death in 1669 (Haag, La France Protestante, 2nd ed., v. col. 484).

^{page 143 note b} William Crofts, Gentleman of the Bedchamber (vol. i. p. 295).

^{page 146 note a} Above, p. 109.

^{page 148 note a} “562”; but again a mistake for “462,” i.e. Sir J. Berkeley (see pp. 37, 52).

^{page 149 note a} François de Choiseul, Marquis du Plessis-Praslin, Maréchal de Camp. For his proposition to the Duke, see Ormonde's letter to the King, 2 Dec. (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii p. 433).

^{page 150 note a} Elizabeth Angélique de Montmorency, widow of Gaspard de Coligny, Duke of Châtillon. For a character of her see Mad. de Motteville's Memoires (Petitot, 1824, iv. p. 365).

^{page 150 note b} “5'62”; but see note on p. 148.

^{page 150 note c} Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward Villiers and widow of Kobert Douglas, Earl of Morton (d. 1650). She, and not (as stated in the note) her mother, is the Countess of Morton who is mentioned in vol. i. p. 271.

^{page 150 note d} Ann, daughter of Algernon Percy, 10th Earl; m. in 1652 to Philip, Lord Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Chesterfield, 1656.

^{page 150 note e} Widow of Robert Bertie, 1st Earl. See above, p. 113, note.

^{page 150 note f} John Selden, who died on 30th Nov.

^a See vol. i. p. 275.

^{page 156 note a} Philip William, Duke of Neuburg; succ. in 1653. The King paid him a visit, with the Princess Royal, at Dusseldorf at the end of October, 1654 (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 411).

^{page 157 note a} Not the German Duke just named, but Viscount Newburgh (above, p. 78, note a).

^{page 157 note b} Sir William Fleming, 2nd son of John, 2nd Earl of Wigton, and Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to the King (Archœologia, xxxv. p. 338).

^{page 157 note c} Probably Sir John Mennes, knighted as Vice-Admiral in 1642. See a memoir of him in T. Park's edition (1817) of his Musarum Deliciœ, etc.

^{page 157 note d} George Benyon, Gent, of the Bedchamber (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 29); son of Sir George Benyon, of London (Poster, Alumni Oxon. 1500–1714).

^{page 157 note e} Son of Tho. Price of co. Hereford, and M.P. for Brecon in 1640 and 1661–78. He was buried in Westminster Abbey 3 Feb. 1677–8, being then Sir Herbert (Chester, Westm. Abbey Reg., p. 193).

^{page 158 note a} Vol. i. p. 3. He did not die until 30 March. His widow, Mary, daughter of the 1st Duke of Buckingham, and formerly wife of Charles, Lord Herbert, married for her third husband Thomas Howard, brother of Charles, Earl of Carlisle (Chester, Westm. Abbey Reg., p. 215).

^{page 160 note a} Treasurer of the Household of Charles II. (vol. i. p. 153).

^{page 160 note b} Henry Danvers, cr. Earl of Danby 1626 ; d. 1644.

^{page 161 note a} The Marquis de Lede, Governor of Dunkirk, Sparish Ambassador Extraordinary to England, where, however, he did not arrive until May (Cal. St. Pap., 1655, p. 151, and below).

^{page 164 note a} Innocent X. died on 7 Jan., and was succeeded by Eabio Chigi (Alexander VII.) on 7 April.

^{page 169 note a} Thomas Winniffe, consecr. in 1642, d. 14 Sept. 1654. Mews owed to him his education at Merchant Taylors' School (Hutchins, Dorset, 1815, iv. p. 29).

^{page 171 note b} This name here is the decipherment of 506, but of 607 above.

^{page 172 note a} Of Wimpole, co. Camb., M.P. for the same county in the Long Parliament, but disabled in 1642. He was re-elected in 1661, and was Master-General of the Ordnance 1670–74.

^{page 174 note a} Sir Andrew Cogan, of Greenwich, Bart. (Chester, Westm. Alley Reg., p. 26). In the Clarendon Papers his name appears as Coggen (Cal., iii. pp. 242, 243).

^a Now on his way to Scotland. For the letters he carried with him see Cat. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 2.

^{page 177 note b} David Barclay, of Urie, who had served under Gustavus Adolphus and as a Royalist colonel in Scotland. Prom his petition to Cromwell on 2 Aug., 1654 (Cal. St. Pap., p. 283) it appears that Mews was too incredulous.

^{page 178 note a} Hyde's secretary (vol. i. p. 125), who had recently died (Cal. Clar. St. Pag., iii. p. 10).

^{page 179 note a} Probably Col. Robert Sidney, 3rd son of Robert, Earl of Leicester, and suspected by some to be the real father of the future Duke of Monmouth (Evelyn, Diary, ed. 1879, ii. p. 472).

^{page 181 note a} Bogislas, Prince Radzivil, whose mother was Elizabeth, dau. of John George, Elector of Brandenburg.

^{page 183 note a} William Scott, of whom 5,000 livres were borrowed for the Duke of Gloucester's journey, Hatton and Radcliffe being sureties (Chi. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 8).

^{page 183 note b} Fourth son of James, 1st Earl of Abercorn, cr. an Irish baronet in 1660 ; father of Col. James, Sir George, and Count Anthony Hamilton of the Mémoires de Grammont.

^{page 184 note a} There were two cardinals of the Barberini family at this time, Francis (b. 1597), cr. card, in 1623, and Charles, cr. in 1652.

^{page 185 note a} Christine, sister of Qu. Henrietta Maria and widow (1637) of Victor Amadeus I., Duke of Savoy.

^{page 188 note a} John Graham of Duchrie, supposed to have been the author of the account of Glencairn's rising printed in Military Memoirs of the Great Civil War, 1822. Alexander Macnaughten of Macnaughten figures in the same work.

^{page 188 note b} Major Gen. William Drummond, youngest son of John, 2nd Lord Maderty; after the failure of the present rising he entered the Russian service, but returned to Scotland after the Restoration, and was created Viscount Strathallan in 1686 (d. 1688).

^{page 188 note c} Archibald, 2nd Lord Napier, nephew of Montrose, succ. 1645 ; d. early in 1660. For the letter to him from the King which Mews sent on to his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John Erskine, Earl of Mar, see Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 2.

^{page 190 note a} Old style, i.e. 8 Feb., N.S., as appears from Nicholas's endorsement and the letter above, p. 177.

^{page 191 note a} The sentence in brackets is a side-note.

^{page 192 note a} The first Protectorate Parliament, dissolved 22 Jan. 1654–5.

^{page 195 note a} “562,” a mistake of Hatton's for “462,” i.e. Sir John Berkeley, corrected in his letter of 12 March.

^{page 196 note a} M.P. for Scarborough in the Long Parliament till disabled in 1643; retired to France in 1645, but returned and compounded in 1649 (d. 1657).

^{page 197 note a} Alessandro Bichi, cr. card, in 1633, d. 1657. Franc. Barberini was 58 years of age. Neither was chosen (above, p. 164).

^{page 199 note a} No doubt the same Tom Cook who died at London of fever in 1656, and whose great parts and loyalty are eulogized by Hyde in a letter of 7 Sept. (Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 305).

^{page 200 note a} The peace was not actually signed until 24 Oct. [3 Nov.] 1655.

^{page 201 note a} Thomas, Prince of Carignano and Count of Soissons, son of Emmanuel I., Duke of Savoy, and uncle of the reigning duke, Emmanuel II.

^{page 202 note a} Sir Humphrey Bennett, of Shalden, near Alton, co. Southt. (Dring, Compounders, 1655, p. 16).

^{page 202 note b} Col. Edward Grey (cf. Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. pp. 16, 208, and Cal. St. Pap., 1655, p. 114). The Mercurius Politicus (No. 243, 1–8 Feb.) calls him brother to Lord Grey of Wark.

^{page 202 note c} See Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 20, where he is said to have been a servant to Sir Francis Mackworth. See also Perfect Diurnall, No. 270, 5–12 Feb. He is apparently the Lieut. Reade of whom Norwich speaks (below, p. 280) as having been betrayed by his (Norwich's) grandson.

^{page 202 note d} Penn's fleet, which sailed in December, 1654, with land-forces under Gen. Bob. Venables, was designed for Hispaniola, where it arrived on 14 Apr. After a fruitless attack on St. Domingo the troops were re-embarked on 3 May, and the fleet sailed for Jamaica, possession of which was taken without trouble.

^{page 205 note a} Styled in the Clarendon Papers Lieut. Col. Jammott or Jamott (Cal., iii. pp. 6, 6, 8, etc.).

^{page 206 note a} George Bruges or Brydges, 6th baron, who died in Feb. of smallpox.

^{page 206 note b} Nieupoort, the Dutch ambassador in England.

^{page 207 note a} Jamot said he recognised him on board the boat crossing the channel and learnt from him that he had a pass from Cromwell (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 22).

^{page 207 note b} See in Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 18.

^{page 208 note a} The same probably as the «Mr. Membra» in whose favour Lord Balcarres wrote to the King on 23 Apr. (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 34).

^{page 211 note a} Daniel O'Niell (under the pseudonym of Bryan) and Nich. Armorer were arrested at Dover, but contrived to escape (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. pp. 20, 21).

^{page 212 note a} Sir Kalph Hare, of Stow Bardolph, co. Norf., cr. bart. in 1641 ; M.P. for Norfolk in 1654 and 1661.

^{page 212 note b} No such title at this time is noticed in the Peerages ; but Francis Boyle, fourth son of Richard, Earl of Cork, was cr. Viscount Shannon in 1660. His wife (m. 1638, d. 1681) was Elizabeth, dau. of Sir Robert Killigrew; she had a dau. by Charles II., who became Countess of Yarmouth.

^a This and the following letter are copies by John Nicholas, endorsed “Mr. Bryans lettres to Mr. Jackson of the 8th and 9th of Mar. st. vet. ,” Bryan and Jackson being pseudonyms for O'Neill and the King. They are no doubt the letters alluded to by Ormonde in letters to Hyde and Nicholas of 30 Mar. (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 26, and below, p. 238). The italicised names in brackets are Nicholas'sinterlined decipherings.

^{page 217 note b} This name is not deciphered. On the analogy of the other pseudonyms it must designate a person or place beginning with H.

^{page 219 note a} He probably means Abraham Cowley (vol. i. p. 219).

^{page 221 note a} Hyde, who says of himself that the Queen-Mother of France at a court masque asked “who that fat man was” (Hist., v. p. 352). So too Sir K. Grenville to R. Long, “So fatte a Hide ought to be well tanned” (Lister, iii. p. 72).

^{page 224 note a} For this letter see Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 266.

^c i.e. James Pickering, Ormonde's usual pseudonym.

^{page 229 note a} See Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 18.

^{page 229 note b} “584,” so deciphered, but probably a mistake for “548,” i. e. Loyell.

^{page 231 note a} Apparently the M. Marcés who was attached to the French Post Office and who in that capacity proved very useful to the Royalist party (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 460). For letters from him to Hyde and Nicholas, see also Cal. St. Pap. 1658–1660; and for the King's good opinion of him Evelyn's Diary, ed. 1879, iv. p. 310.

^{page 236 note a} Eleazar Duncom, D.D.; prebendary of York, chaplain to Charles I., etc. (Dict. Nat. Biogr.). His pnpil was George Ayliffe (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 72), whose aunt Anne, dau. of Sir George Ayliffe, Knt., of Gretenham, co. Wilts, only survived her marriage with Hyde in 1629 about six months (Lister, Life of Clarendon, i. p. 9).

^{page 237 note a} So apparently interlined, but it should be “Lincoln” (above) p. 220).

^{page 238 note a} “William Peters, i. e. John Nicholas (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 28).

^{page 238 note b} See above, p. 217, Brian being Dan. O'Neill.

^{page 239 note a} Hannibal, Count of Seestedt, who married Christiana, natural dau. of Christian IV. of Denmark, and was Viceroy of Norway from 1641 to 1651. He then fell into disgrace with Frederick III., and was now living in exile. See letters from him to Charles II. in Thurloe, i. pp. 698–704. The “eliphant” of which he was robbed was no doubt the insignia of the Danish Order of the Elephant, of which he was made a knight in 1648. See also below, p. 319.

^{page 239 note b} Hyde (see above, p. 225).

^a Attached to the household of Queen Henrietta Maria (see a petition from him, 3 Sept., 1660, in Cal. St. Pap., p. 254). Several letters from him to Nicholas will be found in the Cal. St. Pap., 1658–1660.

^{page 240 note a} See Clarendon's History (1849), v. p. 413.

^{page 240 note b} Henry Eolle, Chief Justice of the Upper Bench.

^{page 240 note c} This was the same John Dove who was in possession of Nicholas's manor of Winterbourn (vol. i. pp. 108, 109). His own view of the matter may be judged from his letter to Thurloe in the latter's St. Pap., iii. p. 318.

^{page 242 note a} This letter from Captain Unton Crook was printed as a pamphlet.

^{page 243 note a} John Belasyse, Baron Belasyse of Worlaby, 1644, a noted Royalist.

^{page 243 note b} Francis Newport, 2nd Baron Newport, 1650. He was committed to the Tower on 9 June (Cal. St. Pap., pp. 204, 588).

^{page 246 note a} Presumably the wife of Sir William Bellenden, though he is said to have been unmarried.

^b Perhaps a pseudonym. According to Manning the spy, Johnson was one of the names of Major Nicholas Armorer (Thurloe St. Pap., iii. p. 339).

^{page 249 note a} John Dove, the sheriff (above, p. 240).

^{page 249 note e} Not deciphered, but probably meaning London.

^{page 250 note a} Francis Thorpe, Baron of the Exchequer. He excused himself, however, on grounds of conscience and was dismissed from the bench in consequence (Foss, vi. p. 494).

^{page 250 note b} See an account of his escape in a letter from Capt. J. Griffiths to Thurloe, 29 Mar. (Thurloe St. Pap., iii. p. 304).

^{page 251 note a} James Cranfield, 2nd Earl of Middlesex, 1645. The marriage, which took effect, was with Rachel [born Fane], widow of the 5th Earl of Bath, whose death is recorded above, p. 88.

^{page 254 note a} Dorothy, dau. of Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester, and widow of Henry Spencer, 1st Earl of Sunderland. Lovell had been tutor to her son (above, p. 5, note c).

^{page 254 note b} Cochrane ; see vol. i. p. 56.

^{page 255 note a} Earl of Rochester. He seems not to hare crossed the channel on his way back before June (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 43).

^{page 256 note a} See above, p. 72 ; but perhaps the Col. Rocksby there named was a different person. He and the others seem to have been in the Bastille as partisans of Condé.

^{page 256 note b} Knighted 25 Oct. 1612, being described as of Ireland (B.M., Add. 32,102, f. 212b). Under the name of Walsh or Welsh he frequently figures in the Cal. Clar. St. Pap., vol. iii. ; and very curious accounts by himself of his rather questionable dóings in England in 1656–7 will be found there, p. 366, and in Cal. St. Pap. 1656–7, p. 293.

^{page 256 note c} Perhaps the brothers Richard and Andrew White described by Marcés as “twoe of the greatest vilains in the world” (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 282).

^{page 256 note d} Charles Villiers, 2nd Karl of Anglesey in 1630 ; he survived till 1660. His opponent was Charles, eldest son of Thomas, 4th Viscount Dillon, a very young man.

^{page 256 note e} An unrecognisable title, unless Muskerry is meant. “Old Mr. Bealing” is probably Richard Bellings, historian of the war in Ireland in 1641–43.

^{page 257 note a} The famous physician. He died at Chelsea, 22 Mar. (Munk, Roll of Roy. Coll. Physicians, i. p. 166).

^{page 260 note a} “294” i.e. “King,” in the key in Egerton MS. 2550, f. 85.

^{page 261 note a} See above, p. 157, note e.; and Clarendon's History, v. p. 426.

^{page 263 note a} Anne, dau. of Sir John St. John, Bart., and wife (1) of Sir Henry Lee, Bart., of Bitchley, and (2) of Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester.

^{page 272 note a} He probably means Thomas Bayly, CD., a son of Lewis Bayly, Bishop of Bangor ; an active Royalist, especially at the defence of Raglan Castle, and after the King's death an ardent convert to the Romish Church (Diet. Nat. Biogr.). That he had any mission from Cromwell is extremely doubtful.

page 275 note a For Hyde's opinion of Mews see his letter to Nicholas of 10 Apr. in Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii, p. 30.

page 280 note a Alonso Perez de Viyero, Count of Fuensaldagna, commanding the Spanish troops in the Netherlands.

page 282 note a The paper here, and in other places where words are supplied in brackets, is torn at the edge.

page 282 note b This island in Zealand was where Charles lay concealed when he left Cologne, awaiting the summons to England (Clarendon, Hist., v. pp. 410, 426).

page 283 note 1 He means Gen. Middleton.

^a See above, p. 6. The genuineness of this letter was admitted (Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. p. 301).

^{page 28 note b} Above, p. 15. Sir Robert Moray married Sophia Lindsay, his sister.

^{page 29 note a} Ste Ménehould in Champagne, surrendered by the Spanish to the Maréchal dn Plessis-Praslin on 26 Nov.

^{page 29 note b} The Duke of York.

^a See above p. 1, note b.

page 288 note a For this pseudonym of Col. H. Price see above, p. 262.

page 292 note a Jean Gaspard, Count de Marchin, who after attaining the rank of Maréchal de Camp in the French seryice followed the fortunes of Conde and deserted to the Spaniards in 1651. He was named by Charles to command the troops intended for an expedition to England in 1657, and was made K.G. 23 Feb., 1658.

page 292 note b Lord Thomas Somerset, fifth son of the 1st Marquis of Worcester (Collins, Peerage, i. p. 233). The 2nd Marquis was a patron of Dr. Bayly.

page 293 note a In Council on i May the number of the Council in Scotland was fixed at nine (Cat. St. Pap., p. 152),'Monck, Desborough, and Col. Will. Lockhart being members, but neither the Earl of Tweeddale nor Alexander Jaffray. The latter was Provost of Aberdeen, and had been one of the Scotch Commissioners to Charles II. at Breda in 1650 (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 51).

page 294 note a Col. Robert Werden or Worden, of Leyland, co. Lane, and Cholmeaton, co. Chester ; afterwards Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York, Major General, and Treasurer to Qu. Mary of Modena (Ormerod, Cheshire, ii. p. 178 ; Chester, Westm. Abbey Reg., p. 8). He had been arrested in England in spite of a protection, and his examination on 5 Apr. is given in Thurloe's St. Pap., iii. pp. 337, 348.

page 296 note a Col. Robert Phelipps, 2nd son of Sir Robert Phelipps, Knt., of Montacnte, co. Som.; Gent, of the Chamber to the Duke of Gloucester, and after the Restoration Groom of the Bedchamber to the King, M.P. for Stockbridge and Andover, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1687), etc. (Arcltcsologia, xxxv. p. 343). He is best known as having materially assisted in effecting the King's escape from England after the battle of Worcester (.Clarendon, History, ed. 1849, v. p. 230).

page 296 note b For the story of his narrow escape at Aylesbury at the beginning of April, when he made his way to London and thence to Flashing, see Thurloe, iii. p. 335, Clarendon, v. p. 419, and Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 43.

page 197 note a See vol. i. p. 174, note.

page 298 note a Penruddock and Grove were beheaded at Exeter on 8 May, the rest having been hanged the day before (Perfect Diurnall).

page 299 note a This (see below, p. 342) was the notorious Col. Edward Sexby, the Anabaptist, who had been engaged in Wildman's plot but had managed to escape to the continent (Tburloe, iii. pp. 162, 165, 194).

page 299 note b From a letter of the Earl of Norwich (below, p. 339) it appears that the whole story was an imposture on the part of the lady.

page 299 note c No doubt Henry Manning, the spy, for whose treachery at this time see Clarendon, v. pp. 422-429. Numerous letters from him to Thurloe, from 13 Mar. 1655 onwards, are in Thurloe's St. Pap., iii. p. 190 seq., and a series of eleven, May-July, in the Cal. St. Pap., 1655, p. 192 seq. Being at length d tected he was sliot in Dec. 1655 by Col. James Hamilton and Major Armorer in a wood near Cologne (Thurloe, iv. pp. 293, 718).

^{page 31 note a} Gervase Holies, to whom the King two years before had given a blank warrant, for which he had only recently found a purchaser (Hyde to Nich., 28 Nov., Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. p. 279).

page 302 note a John Lisle, Commissioner of the Great Seal since 1649. He was not “dismounted,” but continued in office, after the dismissal of his fellow Commissioners, Whitelock and Widdrington, till May, 1659.

page 303 note a See Whitelock, ed. 1732, p. 625.

page 303 note b “Bugswords, fierce, highsounding words,” Halliwell, Archaic Diet.

page 307 note a The Great Seal was not actually taken from Whitelock and Widdrington, on their refusal to put into force the new ordinances for the Court of Chancery, until 6 (16) June (Whitelock, p. 626).

page 308 note a Walter Strickland and Col. Edw. Montague (see the Orders of Council in Cal. St. Pap., 1655, p. 151).

page 308 note b A mistake for Sir Abraham Williams, whose house in Palace Yard was frequently used for the entertainment of ambassadors at a rent of £75 a quarter (Cal. St. Pap., 1654, p. 456). He had been Clerk of the Signet and agent in London for the Queen of Bohemia and died in Aug., 1654 (Chester, Westm. Alley Reg., p. 136).

page 310 note a See the Protector's proclamation of 24 April in Cal, St. Pap., p. 139.

page 311 note a So apparently deciphered, meaning John Knight, who attended Hyde as a surgeon (Cat. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 365), and in 1668 was surgeon to the King (Archaologia, XXXT. p. 342). But the name is scratched through with the pen.

page 315 note a Anne Hyde, who made a more exalted match. Newburgh married Catherine, dau. of Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, and widow of George Stewart, Lord Aubigny.

page 315 note a Olympia Mancini, who in 1657 m. Eugène Maurice of Savoy, Count of Soissona.

page 319 note a See above, p. 304.

page 139 note b See Whitelock's own account of him (Memorials, p. 627) under July, 1655 :— “Graef Hannibal Sesthead . . . . . came into England to see the Protector and made his applications to me, whom he had been acquainted with in Germany. I brought him to the Protector, and he used him with all courtesy ; lie dined with him several times, and the Protector was much taken with his company ; he being a very ingenious man, spake many languages, and English perfectly well, and had been employed in several great charges and ambassies, but he was a very debauched person ; which when the Protector knew, he would not admit him any more into his conversation ; and not long after he departed out of England.”

page 321 note a Henri Auguste de Lomenie, Comte de Brienne, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.

page 323 note a He means Sir Eichard Mauleyerer (below, p. 327).

page 324 note a Anthony Stapley, of Framfield and Patcham, co. Suss., M.P. for Sussex in the Long Parliament and one of the Kegicides ; marr. Anne Goring, sister of Norwich (Sussex Arch. Coll., ii. 1849, p. 103). His son, John Stapley, was cr. Bart, in 1660, hut Norwich perhaps means here an elder brother George, who d. 1657.

page 325 note a Susanna Nicholas, wife of George Lane, who was still alive, and was knighted at Bruges 27 Mar., 1657, and cr. Viscount Lanesborough in 1676. The marriage, however, though proved by numerous letters in this collection, is not recorded in the Peerages. Norwich may perhaps have confounded her with Anne Hyde (above, p. 315).

page 327 note a Sir Arthur Blayney, of Shien Castle, co. Monaghan, a younger brother of Henry, 2nd Lord Blayney.

page 327 note b There were two active Eoyalists of the name of Halsall or Halsey, of Halsall, co. Lane, James and Edward. It is doubtful which of the two is here meant, the former being generally called “Mr.” and the other “Major” (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 445 ; Archceologia, xxxv. p. 344).

page 327 note c So Manning in a letter to Thurloe (Cal. St. Pap. 1655, p. 216), getting his information from Mauleverer ; but the name is there noted in the margin as a mistake in the cipher.

page 327 note d Col. Marmaduke Darcy, fifth son of Conyers, Lord Darcy ; Gent, of the Privy Chamber to the King (Arcliceologia, xxxv. p. 338).

page 328 note a Probably Thomas Neville, cousin of Nicholas (vol. i. p. 78).

page 329 note a The following letter is on the other side of the same sheet.

^{page 33 note a} Vol. i. p. 131, etc. He was reported to have been in Paris and to have had three secret interviews with the King (Hyde to Mch., 9 Jan. 1654, Cl. St. Pap. iii. p. 209).

^{page 33 note b} “716,” the same cipher which above has been interlineated “Lady.” There also, however, “Lord Keeper” was first written, but has been erased. Elsewhere, as just above, “516” stands for “Lord Keeper.”

page 330 note a Humphrey Painter, for whose zeal in the .Royalist cause see Manning to Thurloe (Cal. St. Pap., p. 193) and Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. pp. 208, etc.

page 330 note b On 17–24 April, chiefly in the valley of Luserna, following upon an edict of the Duke of Savoy of 25 January for the deportation into special districts of all who did not hecome Catholics within twenty days.

page 332 note a This refers to the case of Geo. Cony, who was committed for refusing to pay customs imposed merely by ordinance of the Protector, and for whom it was argued by Serjeants John Maynard and Thomas Twisden and Wadham Windham that the impost was illegal. The three were therefore sent to the Tower on 18th May “for using words tending to sedition,” etc., and remained there till after the 25th, when they submissively petitioned for release (Cal. St. Pap., pp. 168, 179).

page 333 note a “Proclamation by the Protector for executing the laws against priests and Jesuits and for speedy conviction of Popish recusants,” etc., 24 April, in Cal. St. Pap., 1655, p. 139.

page 334 note a a See above, p. 303.

page 334 note b This was not so, the decision of the case being deferred till the next term, when no more was heard of it (Godwin, Hist, of Commonwealth, iv. p. 179).

page 335 note a See vol. i. p. 174, note.

page 335 note b From Nicholas's endorsement, the word being omitted in the letter.

page 335 note c Opposite this passage Nicholas has written in shorthand : “I assure you I know not, nor by inquiry can find, that there Was ever an offer or promise from the lo. Fairfax that he would engage for his Matles interest soe as the transaccions between his Matle and him might passe through the D. of B's hands; but its possible some 3rd person might [have] proposed that the D. might be a fitt man to treate between the K. and that lord, whereby to procure him to engage for the King. And this, I assure you, is the most that I know or can learne concerning that particular ; and its said by some that know lo. Fairfax very well that he had never any intencion att all to engage for the Kings interest.”

page 336 note a Lord Byron was arrested on 21 May (1 June), with others whose names are not given (Faithful Scout, 18–25 May, p. 1821).

page 336 note b John and William. One of the Scotch lords was Lauderdale, who was sent to Portland (Cal. St. Pap., p. 275).

page 337 note a From this passage and another in vol. i., p. 81, it may be inferred that Nicholas had a fancy for spaniels.

^{page 34 note c} From Paris into Germany, first to Aix and finally to Cologne.

^{page 35 note a} The Princess of Orange and the Queen of Bohemia.

^{page 36 note a} John, son of Sir William Boreel, Dutch ambassador at Paris (vol. i. p. 318).

^{page 36 note b} John Cosin, afterwards Bishop of Durham (vol. i. p. 159, note).

page 341 note a Mentioned, with Massey, Titus, and Bunce, as a supporter of the Presbyterian interest with the King in a letter of a spy, 25 July (Cal. St. Pap., p. 246).

page 343 note a Samuel Morland, at this time an Assistant-Secretary tinder Thurloe ; knfc. and bart. in 1660, and Gent, of the Privy Chamber. He left London for his mission on 26 May, and, after treating with Louis XIV. and Mazarin at La Fère, reached Eivoli on 21 June and remained there and at Turin until 19 July.

page 344 note a This is perhaps aimed at Hyde's influence with the king.

page 345 note a There was a Eichard Nicols among the Royalists imprisoned in England in the course of this year (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 79).

page 346 note a Clarendon (ed. 1849, vi. p. 105) gives a different version of this speech, as made, not to the counsel, but to the judges.

page 350 note a Of a Declaration to be issued by the King.

page 352 note a The word is omitted in the original. The term “gnbb” used just before, and in other letters of Norwich, is perhaps for “gob,” better known in its diminutive “gobbet,” a bit, mouthful (see Skeat, Etym. Diet., under “gobbet” and “job”).

page 353 note a Col. John Coplestone, who had made himself active in resistance to the late attempt at insurrection, raising a regiment of 960 men (Cal. St. Pap., p. 209).

page 354 note a Landrécy.

^{page 37 note a} “562,” with “Lo. Muskerry” interlined ; no doubt a mistake for “462,” i.e. Sir John Berkeley. Donogh McCarthy, 2nd Viscount Muskerry, was at this time being tried for his life at Dublin (Cal. Cl. St. Pap. ii. pp. 285, 298).

^{page 38 note a} Colonel Edmund Windham, Resident for the King at Boulogne. The correspondence between Grenville and Long, with Long's letter to the King, is printed in Lister's Life of Clarendon,, iii. pp. 69–83. See also Clarendon, , History, ed. 1849, v. p. 356Google Scholar.

^{page 39 note a} See Lister's Life of Clarendon, iii. p. 73 ; and Cat. Cl. St. Pap. ii. p. 287

^{page 40 note a} Peter Massonet, writing-master to the children of Churles I., “a man who had served him (Long) and afterwards been an under-clerk for writing letters and commissions during the time of the King's being in Scotland, and had been taken prisoner at Worcester” (Clarendon, Hist. v. p. 357). His letter to Long on the subject is in Lister, iii. p. 62.

^{page 40 note b} The “Little” Parliament, which met on 4 July and resigned its powers into the hands of Cromwell on 12 Dec. 1653.

^{page 40 note c} “439,” deciphered “you.” There appears to be something wrong also at the end of the ciphered part of the sentence.

^{page 42 note a} Cromwell, installed as Lord Protector on 16 Dec. 1653.

^{page 45 note a} Of Cromwell's being made Protector.

^{page 45 note b} See vol. i. p. 93, note ; and for Walter Montague, p. 220.

^{page 49 note a} It was in answer to this that Grenville wrote the account of himself reprinted in Lord Lansdowne's Works, 1732, vol. i. p. 544.

^{page 52 note a} See above, p. 37, note. This was a false report from Hyde, 9th Jan., corrected on 30th (Clar. St. Pap., iii. pp. 210, 214). Muskerry was to be re-tried on 2nd Feb., but was ultimately acquitted, and became Earl of Clancarty in 1658. His wife was a sister of Ormonde, and he is said to hare owed his acquittal to Lady Ormonde's influence with one of his judges (Carte, Life of Ormonde, ii. p. 162).

^{page 53 note a} The Marquis of Ormonde.

^{page 56 note a} The original is so dated (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 306). See above p. 27, note.

^{page 56 note b} Wife of Colonel Sir Richard Page, knighted in 1645.

^{page 56 note c} Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Conway, 1630.

^{page 60 note a} Tobias Whitaker, M.D., physician to the King.

^{page 64 note b} Matthew Hale, made Justice of the Common Pleas 25 Jan. 1654.

^{page 65 note a} The well-known letter giving his version of the so-called Army Plot, brought before Parliament on 16th June, 1641, and printed as a pamphlet (Cal. St. Pap., 1641–3, p. 15). It is given also by Rushworth, iv. p. 255

^{page 66 note a} By Beaumont and Fletcher, first acted in 1611.

^{page 66 note b} Eldest son of the Marquis of Hertford (vol. i. p. 178, where he is wrongly said to have died in 1656). For letters of the King on his death, of 30 and 31 May, see Cat. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 360.

^{page 66 note c} One of the sons of Francis Courtenay, of Fowderham, co. Devon, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edw. Seymour, Bart., of Fomeroy.

page note d Tho. Browne, of Christchnrch, Oxford, canon of Windsor 1639, chaplain to Charles I. at Oxford, etc.; now chaplain to Mary, Princess of Orange. He was restored to his preferments at the Restoration, and d. in 1673 (Foster, Alumni Oxon.)

^{page 66 note e} Albert Joachimi, who succeeded Noel Caron (d. 1624) as resident ambassador and remained till 1650.

^{page 67 note a} Major John Straohan, as appears from the endorsement of the next letter (p. 70).

^{page 67 note b} Wick in Caithness. For a letter from Middletou to Hyde of the same date, see Col. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 364.

^{page 68 note a} Allart Pieter Jongestall, Dutch envoy in England with W. Nieupoort and Beverninck in 1653–4. Jacob van Wassenaer, Heer Van Obdam, like the Grand Pensionary John De Witt, was an opponent of the House of Orarge.

^{page 68 note b} “I do assure you upon my credit I do not know, and upon my confidence the King does not, of any such design”: so Hyde in his answer, 12 June (Clar. St Pap., iii. p. 246). The rumours no doubt referred to Gerard and Vowel's abortive Plot for assassinating Cromwell on his way to Hampton Court, etc. (Cal St. Pap., 1654. p. 233).

^{page 69 note a} Son of Sir Will. Denny, Recorder of Norwich, who died 26 Mar. 1642 (B. M. Add. MS. 19,126, ff. 292, 299b) ; cr. Bart. 3 June, 1642. He was author of Pelecanicidum or the Christian Adviser against Self-murder, 1653, and of The Shepheards Holiday, a pastoral, printed in 1870. The King agreed that he should have a commission as Governor of Yarmouth (Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 248).

^{page 69 note b} Sir Miles Hobart, of Plumstead, co. Norf., K.B. in 1625 (Add. MS. 32,102, f. 197b).

^{page 69 note c} Alethea, widow of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel (d. 1646).

^{page 70 note a} He was surprised and defeated by Col. Thomas Morgan near Lochgarry on 19 July following (Whitelock, p. 597).

^{page 72 note a} He was committed to the Tower on a charge of High Treason on 2 June (Cal. St. Pap., p. 273).

^{page 72 note b} In Birch's MS. apparently written “Boge,” but no doubt Page is meant.

^{page 72 note c} For evidence of Massonet's treason see Cal. Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 14, and Thurloe, iii. p. 493.

^a Sent on a mission to Sweden in May, 1653 See his instructions in Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 202 ; with earlier letters to Nicholas, pp. 349, etc. Queen Christina compliments him in a letter to Charles : “Il a agi en tout en homme d'honneur et a témoigné autant de fidelité et de zèle pour votre service que vous pourriez desirer” (Whitelock, Swedish Embassy, ed. 1855, i. p. 280). Later, however, when in his capacity of a member of her Household he was rude to Whitelock, she stigmatised him as “a sot and a fool” (Ibid. p. 430).

^{page 73 note b} Charles Gustavus of Sweden, who succeeded his cousin Christina on her abdication on 16 June, 1654.

^{page 73 note c} Bulstrode Whitelock, whose treaty, on the part of the English Government, with Queen Christina was signed on 28 Apr. 1654.

^{page 73 note d} Cornifix Ulefeld, late Great Chamberlain of Denmark and favourite of Christian IV. (d. 1648), bat now in exile in Sweden. He had recently been publicly accused by the Danish ambassador of embezzlement (Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. pp. 349, etc.)

^{page 74 note a} For these papers see Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 15, under June and July, 1649.

^{page 75 note a} Bremen having been worsted, a treaty of peace was concluded on 28 Nov. following (Dumont, Corps Diplomatique, 1728, vi. pt. 2, p. 94).

^{page 75 note b} Christopher Carl Schlippenhach.

^{page 75 note c} Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie, Count of Arensberg, Governor of Livonia, etc., late a favourite of the Queen. There is a curious account of his disgrace in Whitelock, Embassy, i. p 391.

^{page 76 note a} Daughter of Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia ; she married Ernest, Prince of Brunswick, in 1658.

^{page 76 note b} Hedwig Eleonora, daughter of Frederic, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, whom he married almost immediately after.

^{page 77 note a} Sir John Maclear, a Scotch merchant living at Gothenburg (Whitelock, Embassy, i. p. 159).

^{page 77 note b} Alex. Leslie, Earl of Leven ; he had been taken prisoner by Col. Alured, near Dundee, on 28 Aug. 1651, and sent to the Tower, but had recently been released at the intercession of Queen Christina and was now on his way to thank her in person.

^{page 77 note c} Eric, second son of the Chancellor Axel Oxenstiern and President of the Council of Trade.

^{page 78 note a} Sir James Levingston. of Kinnaird, cr. Vise. Newburgh in 1647, and Earl of Newburgh in 1GC0. He passed oyer to Charles at the Hague in 1650.

^b So in the endorsement, but he is apparently the same who is called Major above, p. 67, note ^a.

^a “Conservator” of the Scots in the Low Countries; formerly governor to the children of the Duke of Bouillon and Gentleman Usher to Charles I. (Drummond, Noble British Families, p. 29). He was knighted in Apr. 1642 (B. M., Add. MS. 32,102, f. 211b).

^{page 82 note a} Cromwell's first Protectorate Parliament, which met on 3 Sept.

^{page 83 note a} Sir John Sayer, or Sayers, of Bourchier Hall in Aldham, co. Essex, knighted at Breda in 1649 (B.M., Add. MS. 32,102, f. 84b). He was attached to the King's Household (Cal. Clar. St. Pap. ii. p. 387).

^{page 84 note b} “613,” which is not in the key in Egert. MS. 2550. The “M. S.” interlined appears to be for Mons. Sommelsdijk, i.e. Cornelis van Aerssen, Heer van Sommelsdijk, letters from whom will be found below.

^{page 85 note a} Johan van Keede, Heer van Renswoude, President of the State of Utrecht. He had been ambassador in England in 1644 to mediate between King and Parliament, when Charles made him an English peer under the title of Baron Reede.

^{page 85 note b} After a war which began with an insurrection in 1645 the Dutch settlements in the northern part of Brazil were in this year surrendered to Portugal. In an earlier letter, 7 Sept., Jane writes : “There is appointed a court of warr here …. for tryall of the military officers that rendred Brasill (Col. Killigrew is one), and another commission to others of civill employment to determyne of the governour,” etc. The Killigrew named was William Killigrew of Ardwennick, co. Cornw., cr. Bart, in 1660, who had succeeded Goring in 1647 as colonel of a Dutch regiment.

^{page 85 note c} Phillippa, daughter of John, 1st Lord Mohun, born in 1623 (Lyte, Dunster and Us Lords, 1882, p. 37).

^{page 86 note a} Dom Pantaleon de Saa, executed for murder on 10 July, 1654, the same day on which his brother signed the Portuguese Treaty.

^{page 86 note b} In this case they were true enough. See Athol's articles with Monck, 24 Aug. and Glencairn's, 29 Aug. in Cal. St. Pap. pp. 333, 339.

^{page 87 note a} These were the terms of the award made by the Commissioners on 30 Aug. O.S. viz. that the Dutch East India Company should pay £85,000 to the English Company and cede the isle of Polaron, i.e. Poeloe Khun, one of the Banda group (Dumont, vi. pt. 2, p. 91).

^{page 88 note a} Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl in 1637 ; died 15 Aug. 1654, without issue.

^{page 88 note b} Sir Chichester Wrey, 3rd Bart. He married Anne, third daughter and co-heir of Edward, 4th Earl of Bath, and widow of James Cranfield, 2nd Earl of Middlesex.

^{page 88 note c} Jonathan, eldest son of Sir John Trelawney, 1st Bart., and Elizabeth, sister of of the 1st Lord Mohun.

^{page 88 note d} As Principal Secretary of State, to which office he was formally re-appointed about this time at Aix (vol. i. p. xvii).

^{page 91 note a} Fourth son of Spencer, 2nd Earl of Northampton; he died at Bruges in 1659.

^{page 92 note a} Probably Abraham Cowley the poet.

^{page 92 note b} The Earl of Norwich, as appears from Nicholas's endorsement.

page note a For a letter from Middleton to Hyde of the same date see Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 400.

^{page 94 note a} This identifies Hatton as the writer of an unsigned letter of the same date to John Heath, King's Counsel, in Cal. Clar. St. Pap., ii. p. 400. The nature of the warrant does not appear ; but from his letter below, 12 Mar. 1655, it seems that Hatton wanted to be made a Viscount.

^{page 94 note b} Louis de Lorraine, died 27 Sept., from a wound received at Arras. His son was only four years of age.

^{page 95 note a} Philippe Lucien Mancini-Mazarini, afterwards Duke of Nevers and heir to Card. Mazarin.

^{page 96 note b} Louis, head of the French branch of the Courtenays.

^a Afterwards Earl of Arlington (vol. i. p. 294). He was at this time Secretary to the Dnke of York, acting as Lieut. General of the Trench army under Turenne.

page 96 note b On 25 Aug., when Turenne defeated Conde and the Spanish, and relieved Arras.

^a Son of Sir James Durham, of Pitkerrow ; afterwards Lord Lyon King of Arms.

^{page 98 note b} William Davidson or Davison, a Scotch merchant of Amsterdam. His zeal in the royal cause was made known to Thurloe by one of his spies (Thurloe St. Pap., ii.pp. 260, 319, 374).

^{page 100 note a} Henry Seymour, who left Paris for London at the beginning of June (Clar. St. Pap., iii. p. 245), and was committed to the Tower on the 17th (Cal. St. Pap., p. 274). He was probably betrayed by Col. Bampfield (cf. his letters to Thurloe in Thurloe St. Pap., ii. pp. 385, 510).

^{page 100 note b} Walter Strickland, Member of Cromwell's Council and Captain of the Guard.

^{page 101 note a} The cipher for Holland, no doubt a mistake for 517, i.e. Hyde (above, p. 89).

^{page 101 note b} He refers to a memorial, enclosed in his letter of 25 Sept, in favour of John Clement, for whom he bad procured a patent, 8 July, 1654, to be clerk of the Royal Kitchen. The place was given to the well-known Stephen Fox, afterwards Paymaster to the Forces, etc.