^{page 1 note 1} John's full title was as follows: John, by the grace of God, King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Lancaster, Earl of Lincoln and Leicester and Derby, Lord of Beaufort and Nogent, of Bergerac and Roche-sur-Yon, Seneschal of England and Constable of Chester. He had been also earl of Richmond till 1372; the title of earl of Derby was given to his son in 1377, and he still made use of it himself after that date. The full title is never given in this register; and he evidently used a variety of titles according to the letter he was writing. See Register I, Nos. 182, 255Google Scholar. The most curious is in No. 798, when he drops his English titles, with the exception of duke of Lancaster, and calls himself “Roi de Chastille et de Leon, de Tolede, Galize, Sibile, Cordove, Murcye, Jahen, Algerbe et de Algesire et Seignour de Moline.”

^{page 1 note 2} The manor of Maresfield had been given to John by Edward in 1372 (Reg. I, 30Google Scholar). Gilbert lord of Aquila gave 60s. a year to maintain a chaplain there in 1374 (Reg. I, 43Google Scholar).

^{page 3 note 1} F. 3b is blank.

^{page 3 note 2} All the following presentations are in Latin, and all but two dated by the year of our Lord.

^{page 3 note 3} John Guttiere or Juan Guttierez, formerly dean of Segovia, had been long the duke's trusted counsellor. He was in his pay and employed on important business from 1372. (See Reg. I, 961Google Scholar, etc.) According to Gallia Christiana, “Johannes Guitard” was bishop of Dax from 1374 to 1392. The Papal registers of 1375 still call him dean of Segovia; and in the Patent Rolls of 1379 he is called parson of Stoke, and is appointing attorneys as he has to go beyond the seas (C.P.R., 29 05 1379Google Scholar); and the present register tells us that in that year he was sent to Rome on the duke's business (No. 128, 7 Nov. 1379). Meanwhile efforts were being made during that year to secure the appointment to Dax of Gerald de Menta, on whose behalf King Richard wrote to Urban VI (Perroy, , The Diplomatic Correspondence of Richard IIGoogle Scholar, Camden Third Series, no. 48). The bishopric was, however, given to Juan Guttierez, and on 19 March 1380 he had a commission from the duke of Lancaster as “reverant pier en Dieu levesque Daques” to treat with the duke of Brittany (Perroy, , p. 186Google Scholar); and in April the clergy and laity of the diocese were ordered to obey their new bishop (Gascon Rolls 93Google Scholar, m. 3).

At this time he must actually have been in his diocese, as a prisoner from the Tower was sent to him, because he had been born in the town of Dax (C.C.R., 10 04 1380Google Scholar). He was frequently absent from his diocese, however, as the duke still employed him on embassies, and in 1382, during his absence, the Chapter of Dax rejected him and drove out his officials, so that the king of England was forced to interfere, and to explain that he had been sent to Spain on the business of himself and John, king of Castile and Leon.

In 1383 he was said to be taken to Aquitaine on royal business (C.C.R., 30 March 1383). It is scarcely likely that two clerics of the same name (there was another Juan Guttierez a layman) should be in England, and both employed on embassies; so that it seems fairly certain that the parson of Stoke, the dean of Segovia, and the bishop of Dax were one and the same, and that he was more frequently employed on the affairs of his patron than on the duties of his diocese.

^{page 6 note 1} Ralph Erghum, D.C.L., bishop of Salisbury 1375–88. He was also the duke's chancellor, 1372–7.

^{page 6 note 2} The duke was patron of this nunnery (Dugdale, , Monasticon, VI, pt. 1, p. 500Google Scholar; Bowles, W. L. and Nichols, J. G., Annals of Lacock Abbey [London, 1835]).Google Scholar

^{page 6 note 3} The title of earl of Derby, which was one of those taken by John of Gaunt on his marriage with Blanche of Lancaster, was adopted by his eldest son in 1377.

^{page 6 note 4} John Mowbray, earl of Nottingham, was given the title at Richard's coronation. His father had married Joan, a granddaughter of Edmund Crouchback.

^{page 7 note 1} This must have been Sir Thomas Roos of Hamelak. There was another branch of the family at Dowsby in Lincolnshire, a member of which was mayor of Bordeaux.

^{page 7 note 2} Cancelled.

^{page 7 note 3} A Poitevin follower, indexed under Linieres in Register I.

^{page 7 note 4} Odes Graunson was a descendant of the Otto de Grandson or Grandison, a Swiss, who entered Edward I's service, and acted as his lieutenant in Gascony, 7 February till September 1278, and was given large estates in Ireland. His son Otto continued the family in England. (Introduction by Charles Bémont to Rôles Gascons, tome iii, and the article by C. L. Kingsford on Otto de Grandison, in Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Third Series, vol. 3.)

^{page 8 note 1} Cancelled and with a cross in the margin.

^{page 8 note 2} Jean d'Abrichecourt came from Hainault; there were several members of the family in England at this time.

^{page 8 note 3} Cancelled.

^{page 8 note 4} Cancelled: “mortuus” in the margin.

^{page 9 note 1} A cross in the margin.

^{page 9 note 2} Cancelled.

^{page 10 note 1} Cancelled.

^{page 10 note 2} Cancelled and a cross in the margin.

^{page 10 note 3} Cancelled and “chivaler” in the margin.

^{page 11 note 1} Cancelled.

^{page 11 note 2} Cancelled and “chivaler” in margin.

^{page 11 note 3} A cross in margin.

^{page 11 note 4} Possibly the same as John de Sotheron (Reg. I, 810).Google Scholar

^{page 11 note 5} Cancelled and a cross each side of name.

^{page 11 note 6} Sir Richard occurs; probably the father of this man (Reg. I, 782Google Scholar).

^{page 12 note 1} Cancelled.

^{page 12 note 2} Cancelled and “chivaler” in margin.

^{page 12 note 3} This and the following are later additions.—R. S.

^{page 14 note 1} For MS. “un.”

^{page 15 note 1} MS. “pur.”

^{page 16 note 1} Repeated in MS.

^{page 16 note 2} Ou is here used disjunctively, and not in the sense of “ove” (which it sometimes takes in old French). There is a contrast between conditions in peace and in war. Cf. nos. 35 and 50.

^{page 16 note 3} Desunt cetera.

^{page 17 note 1} All these indentures are in French.

^{page 17 note 2} The text calls him always “king and duke”; the title duke has been adopted for the calendar to avoid confusion with Richard II.

^{page 18 note 1} As this formula is the same in all the indentures of service, it has been omitted in the later analyses. The phrase “in equal portions at Easter and Michaelmas,” or similar direction, is also omitted.

^{page 19 note 1} F. 12a is blank.

^{page 22 note 1} Add “as autres.”

^{page 23 note 1} Piers Braye was perhaps related to John Bray, physician to Edward III and Richard II (C.C.R., 25 10 1376).Google Scholar

^{page 24 note 1} “of Suffolk” in heading.

^{page 25 note 1} William de Spaigne was a knight of Lincolnshire. He was feodary for the duke in Nottingham as early as 1371 (Reg. I, 84Google Scholar) and in Lincolnshire in 1372 (ibid., 90). He went to parliament as a knight of the shire for Lincolnshire in 1380 (C.C.R., 6 12 1380Google Scholar), and 1382 (ibid., 24 Oct. 1382); he was constantly appointed on commissions of the peace (C.C.R., 15 02 1375Google Scholar; C.P.R., 18 11 1377Google Scholar) and in 1381 was one of those appointed to force the peasants to return to work as before the rising (C.C.R., 30 06 1381Google Scholar). His accounts for the duke's lands in the county of Lincoln from Mich. 1382 to June 1385 are preserved in the P.R.O. (Min. Acc. (D. of L.), no. 3894).

^{page 26 note 1} Folios 15a and 15b are blank.

^{page 27 note 1} Add “devers.”

^{page 28 note 1} In 1372 John gave up the earldom of Richmond to his father, and received in exchange the manor and honor of Tickhill, the castle and manor of High Peak, various advowsons, and much land in Norfolk, etc. (See Hardy, W., The Charters of the Duchy of Lancaster (London, 1845), p. 26Google Scholarsq.)

^{page 28 note 2} That is, dating from the year of his regality, 28 Feb. 1377. (See Hardy's Charters; and Cal. of Duchy of Lancaster Patent Rolls, Deputy Keeper's Report, xlGoogle Scholar.)

^{page 29 note 1} All these orders are sent as from the duke himself, and in the first person as in the texts printed in full.

^{page 30 note 1} Sir Thomas Hungerford was a very important official; chief steward, constable of Grosmont and Monmouth castles, and a councillor (Reg. I, passim.)

^{page 31 note 1} This page is headed:—Warranta anno regni regis Ricardi secundi tercio.

^{page 31 note 2} Margaret Plantagenet, eldest daughter and heir of Thomas the fifth son of Edward I, who had been created earl of Norfolk, 16 Dec. 1312. Margaret was made duchess of Norfolk for life on 29 Sept. 1397, and died in 1399.

^{page 32 note 1} Add “et a.”

^{page 33 note 1} As this formula is very frequent it is calendared henceforth as “due allowance, etc.”

^{page 34 note 1} The accounts of Robert de Whitby, “receiver in the counties of Lincoln and Huntingdon,” are preserved in P.R.O. for 1384–5 (Min. Ace. (D. of L.), no. 4070).

^{page 34 note 2} The Priory of Holy Trinity, Michelham, in Sussex was founded by Gilbert, lord of the Egle, in the thirteenth century. The prior at this date was John Leem (1376–1415). In 1381 he was a member of a commission “de walliis, fossatis, etc.” (V.C.H. Sussex, ii, p. 79Google Scholar; Dugdale, , VI, pt. i, p. 494Google Scholar; C.P.R., 10 02 1381Google Scholar). He must have left office in 1382, as he is spoken of in the accounts 1382–3 as late receiver; he was succeeded by William Everlee. (Min. Ace. (D. of L.), 441/7083).

^{page 35 note 1} As in no. 76 “cestes noz lettres vous en serront garrant.” Henceforth calendared as “these letters, etc.”

^{page 38 note 1} John Mowbray, earl of Nottingham, married Elizabeth, the daughter of Margaret, countess of Norfolk. Their son was the Thomas Mowbray, duke of Norfolk, banished by Richard II.

^{page 39 note 1} Juan Fernandez was probably one of the Spaniards who came to England with the duke's second wife Constance of Castile. On 22 Dec. 1379 (C.C.R.) the wife of John Fernandez of Spain, who had been put in prison on suspicion of spying, was released; and in 1381 (C.P.R., 12 Sept.) declared innocent of the death of her husband who was said to have come from Abbuda in Castile.

^{page 39 note 2} Juan Guttierez, dean of Segovia: see note to no. 7.

^{page 39 note 3} Philippa was the duke's eldest daughter (born 1360), who married John I of Portugal in 1387.

^{page 39 note 4} Elizabeth born about 1364, married three times—John Hastings, earl of Pembroke; John Holand, earl of Huntingdon and duke of Exeter; and John of Cornwall, baron of Fanhope.

^{page 39 note 5} Geoffrey Chaucer was the duke's protege. He was granted £10 a year in 1374 (Reg. I, p. 608Google Scholar).

^{page 39 note 6} Hugh Wombewell was made the duke's attorney in the court of common bench in 1374 (Reg. I, p. 353Google Scholar).

^{page 39 note 7} Gunsall Fernandez is probably the same as “our dear servant Gonsale Ferrandes d'Espaigne,” who was given 100s, a year in 1375 (Reg. I, p. 707Google Scholar).

^{page 40 note 1} The duke's first wife Blanche, daughter of Henry, duke of Lancaster, died 12 Sept. 1369, and was buried in St. Paul's, London.

^{page 41 note 1} John Cook in heading.

^{page 41 note 2} Hertford Priory was a Benedictine cell of St. Albans, founded by Ralph de Limesey towards the end of the eleventh century. (V.C.H., Hertfordshire, iv, p. 421Google Scholar). According to the V.C.H. the prior at the date was Robert Hony.

^{page 43 note 1} Alice Perrers had a dwelling-house in All Hallows, in a street called “Alhalwene strete the litel under the lofte” (C.P.R. 24 07 1379Google Scholar). On 2 Oct. 1378 there was an order to give this to Reynarda de Bouch, and Alice's chaplain was still living in it apparently (C.C.R. 2 10 1378).Google Scholar

^{page 43 note 2} The anniversary of the duchess Blanche was on Sept. 12.

^{page 44 note 1} This looks as though it might be a slip, as all the other documents of this date are dated from Kenilworth.

^{page 45 note 1} Add “clore.”

^{page 45 note 2} See no. 1060.

^{page 46 note 1} On the provision of stockfish, see the accounts of William de Spaigne for 1383 (Min. Ace. (D. of L.), no. 3894).

^{page 46 note 2} The duke had the right of himself sending members to parliament for his county palatine (Armitage-Smith, , John of Gaunt, p. 208Google Scholar; Fœdera, vii,. p. 138Google Scholar, 28 Feb. 1377).

^{page 48 note 1} Followed in MS. by “nostre Receivour.”

^{page 48 note 2} “meisme … vieue” interlinear addition in original hand.

^{page 49 note 1} Repeated after “vieues cestes.”

^{page 49 note 2} Date omitted.

^{page 50 note 1} See note to no. 7.

^{page 50 note 2} Probably a slip for “frer de Cantebrigg.” The duke's brother Edmund was earl of Cambridge at this date; he married Isabella of Castile, the sister of the duchess Constance of Lancaster. They had a daughter Constance, who married Thomas le Despenser, earl of Gloucester. She was only seven years old at this date, but the marriage of children was very usual.

^{page 51 note 1} Richard Scargill was in the duke's service as warrener in 1373 (Reg. I, p. 570).Google Scholar

^{page 51 note 2} “Skargille” in heading.

^{page 52 note 1} Repeated after “si en si soit.”

^{page 52 note 2} The parliament met on 16th January 1380, and the duke was one of the triers of petitions (Rot. Parl., iii, p. 71).Google Scholar

^{page 53 note 1} No name given in MS. (It should be Stokley.—R. S.)

^{page 55 note 1} For MS. “enles.”

^{page 55 note 2} This order follows the date.

^{page 55 note 3} Nos. 148 to 168 are all abridged in the MS.

^{page 57 note 1} There is a space between 168 and this entry, which is at the foot of the folio.

^{page 58 note 1} On 1 January 1380 the duke was almost certainly at Kenilworth. He came south later for the parliament which met on January 16th. Perhaps this should be January 21st, or February 1st. Other documents are dated from Kenilworth on 1 January 1380 (1062, 1172).

^{page 59 note 1} Followed in MS. by “en.”

^{page 60 note 1} Preceded in MS. by “par.”

^{page 63 note 1} For MS. “de.”

^{page 63 note 2} The duke claimed the regality of taking profits of vacant sees and monasteries, even those not in the county of Lancaster. The case of St. Albans was considered because Hertford was a cell of that monastery. The vacancy at Hertford must have been between the rule of Robert Nony and John de Colley (V.C.H., Hertfordshire, iv, p. 421).Google Scholar

^{page 65 note 1} A Cistercian house founded in 1201. The abbot was William Wedmore, 1353–82 (Rowe, J. B., Cistercian Houses of Devon, Plymouth, 1878).Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 1} Thomas de Thelwall was one of the king's twelve clerks of the first degree in chancery. He became the duke's chancellor in 1377, but was allowed to retain his former position also (C.P.R., 18 04 1377Google Scholar, 20 June 1379). He was made chancellor of the duchy and county palatine and was given the great seal for the governance of the regality of the county palatine (Cal. of Duchy of Lancaster Chancery Rolls, Deputy Keeper's Report, xxxii, p. 348).Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 2} Roger Zatton, enthroned on 24 Dec. 1379 (Dugdale, , Monasticon, ii, p. 27.)Google Scholar

^{page 69 note 1} The priory of Austin Canons at Kenilworth was founded by Godfrey de Clinton in 1122. Edward III made constant visits there, and possibly John of Gaunt had a special room for himself there, though naturally he was generally at his castle of Kenilworth. The prior at this date was Walter de Charleton (V.C.H., Warwick, ii, p. 86Google Scholarsq.).

^{page 69 note 2} Add “et.”

^{page 71 note 1} William Hornby, from Michaelmas 1379 to Michaelmas 1380, was accounting for the duke's lands in the county of Chester (Min. Ace. no. 4850).

^{page 71 note 2} P.L. 3/1 no. 114. See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 73 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 75 note 1} See Reg. I, 694.Google Scholar

^{page 75 note 2} The duke was really at the Savoy at this date (see no. 962). He was at Kenilworth the following month; but the place in the MS. may have been a slip caused by Kenilworth coming in the text of the document.

^{page 75 note 3} Thomas of Woodstock; created duke of Gloucester in 1385.

^{page 77 note 1} Treasurer of the household from Nov. 1374 (Reg. I, 350) and still in the office in 1375.

^{page 78 note 1} Repeated after “cent marcs.”

^{page 80 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 82 note 1} Add “la bille.”

^{page 82 note 2} Add “est.”

^{page 83 note 1} A member of a well-known family, and himself the great friend of the Black Prince (see Burrows, Montagu, The Family of Brocas of BeaurepaireGoogle Scholar). For a short time captain of Calais in 1377, he came home before the end of the year, and was by William de Wykeham made chief surveyor and sovereign warden of all parks, etc., in the bishopric. He was connected with Southampton, and was constantly on commissions there, and represented it in parliament (C.C.R. and C.P.R., 26 Oct. 1379; 26 May 1380, etc.). He died in 1395.

^{page 83 note 2} Add “ne.”

^{page 84 note 1} Not given in full in the MS.

^{page 86 note 1} The war to which allusion is here made must have been the unsuccessful expedition of 1378, with the siege of St. Malo (see Armitage-Smith, , John of Gaunt, p. 232).Google Scholar

^{page 86 note 2} Edmund Langley, afterwards duke of York (1385).

^{page 86 note 3} Sic MS.

^{page 86 note 4} MS. “par.”

^{page 87 note 1} In the royal household this business would be entrusted to the clerk of the wardrobe or the jewel house.

^{page 87 note 2} Oliver Barton was constable of Lincoln castle 1383–4 (Min. Ace. (D. of L.), no. 4070).

^{page 89 note 1} The names would appear in the “nomina creditorum” accompanying the accounts; cf. no. 312.—R. S.

^{page 91 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 93 note 1} Guichard d'Angle, lord of Pleumartin, Boisgarnault and Rochefort-sur-Charente, was at first an adherent of the French king, and served him as seneschal of Saintonge (Bibl. Nat. Fonds Fr. 2619, f. 80). After Poitiers he took the oath of fealty to the king of England (ibid. 23592, f. 7) and was marshal to the Black Prince in Aquitaine from 1363 to 1371 (Froissart). In 1372 he was made a knight of the garter (Beltz), fought at La Rochelle and was taken prisoner. In 1374 he was released, and came to England; 1376 governor of Richard, then prince of Wales; 1377 earl of Huntingdon; 1380 died in England.

^{page 93 note 2} Thomas Banaster was also a knight of the garter (Beltz). He was in the duke's service from 1372 (Reg. I, 450Google Scholar) and head forester of Pendle, Trawden and Rossendale in 1375 (ibid., 609).

^{page 93 note 3} Katharine Swynford was still in charge of the duke's daughters.

^{page 96 note 1} The vacancy in the abbey of Evesham occurred after the death of the prior John de Ombresby on 3 Nov. 1379, as Roger Zatton was not enthroned until 24 Dec. (Dugdale, , ii, p. 27Google Scholar).—For the original of this enrolment see Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 97 note 1} Thomas Banaster was one of those who perished in the ill-fated expedition led by Sir John Arundel, when the ship was destroyed by storm in Dec. 1379.

^{page 100 note 1} Some words omitted.

^{page 100 note 2} He held this office in 1371 (Reg. I, 872Google Scholar); and still in 1375 (ibid., 676).

^{page 101 note 1} This proviso to “contra la pees” is added in the margin.

^{page 105 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 106 note 1} See note to no. 61.

^{page 106 note 2} Katharine of Spain was the third daughter of the duke by his second wife Constance. She married Henry, prince of Asturias, in September 1388, and her father and mother then renounced their claims to Castile.

^{page 107 note 1} Joan Burghershe, lady Mohun, was the wife of John lord Mohun of Dunster, and after his death she was one of the few ladies decorated with robes of the order of the garter (Beltz, , pp. 50, 248).Google Scholar

^{page 107 note 2} The knighting of Henry of Derby, according to Beltz (p. 238), took place during the feast of St. George in 1377, and at the same time he was admitted to the order of the garter. His father had taken an aid for this knighting also in 1378, when he commanded the sheriff of Lacaster to raise an aid for knights and free tenants (Chancery Roll of John, duke of Lancaster, D.L. 37/3, no. 16).

^{page 107 note 3} Followed in MS. by “que.”

^{page 108 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 109 note 1} Many negotiations took place at this time with the king of Portugal, who it was hoped would take the duke's side on the question of Castile. These negotiations were preliminary to the expedition of Edmund, earl of Cambridge, in 1381.

^{page 111 note 1} Princess Joan, the widow of the Black Prince.

^{page 111 note 2} “Par nous donez,” repeated in MS.

^{page 111 note 3} The earl of Cambridge had married Isabella of Castile, younger sister of Constance the duke's wife. The earl of Buckingham married Eleanor Bohun, daughter of the earl of Hereford, and sister of the wife of Henry of Derby later.

^{page 111 note 4} The duke's sister Isabella married Ingelram de Coucy.

^{page 112 note 1} Add “donez.”

^{page 112 note 2} John Hastings, earl of Pembroke, married first the duke's sister Margaret, and afterwards Anne, the daughter of Walter Manny. He died in 1378, and his son succeeded him. The countess here mentioned must be his widow Anne.

^{page 113 note 1} Matilda de Montacute, said to be a daughter of Katharine Swynford by her first husband (Dugdale, , Monasticon, i, p. 43Google Scholar, note).

^{page 113 note 2} Okeburne or Ogbourne in Wiltshire was a cell of the abbey of Bee in Normandy. In 1378 the king gave the custody of it to William de Sancto Vedasto, proctor-general of the abbot of Bee (C.P.R., 5 06 1378Google Scholar). He still held the position in 1381 (ibid., 8 May, 1381).

^{page 114 note 1} An omission here.

^{page 114 note 2} “Et come” is perhaps omitted.

^{page 116 note 1} Robert de Hales, also treasurer of England; murdered by the peasants in 1381.

^{page 116 note 2} Omit.

^{page 117 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 117 note 2} Ingelram de Coucy, the husband of the duke's sister Isabella, was created earl of Bedford in 1366, though he gave up the title in 1377 (Beltz, , p. 151Google Scholar, 2).

^{page 118 note 1} MS. “pur.”

^{page 120 note 1} Longford may have taken part in Buckingham's expedition to France July to October 1380; the king did not go himself; but Longford was evidently out of the country (see no. 351).

^{page 121 note 1} Followed in MS. by “il.”

^{page 121 note 2} Other documents of this date are dated as from Tutbury castle. This seems to be a slip.

^{page 121 note 3} The signet was used as a counter-seal in conjunction with the privy seal (Baldwin, “The Chancery of the Duchy of Lancaster,” Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, iv (1927), p. 137Google Scholar).

^{page 122 note 1} This must have been in preparation for an expected war with Scotland, which the duke, however, was able to avert (Armitage-Smith, , John of Gaunt, pp. 244–5).Google Scholar

^{page 123 note 1} There was franchise in Chester called “avowries.” If any member of the avowry was indicted, the keeper of the avowry could demand the delivery of his body, and keep him till the next county court.

^{page 124 note 1} Repeated in MS.

^{page 124 note 2} Lancaster was put at the head of the border commission 6 Sept. 1380; but he had already made preparations for war. This, however, he stopped, and was successful in negotiations (Armitage-Smith, , p. 244Google Scholar). He was on a second commission on 1 May 1381, and left the Savoy on the 12th of May.

^{page 124 note 3} Repeated in MS. after “ycestes.”

^{page 126 note 1} Marginal heading: “pur repariller une pariete de Tuttebury.”

^{page 126 note 2} MS. “pur.”

^{page 128 note 1} See Appendix i.—R. S.

^{page 130 note 1} See Appendix i—R. S.

^{page 131 note 1} See Appendix i—R. S.

^{page 131 note 2} purent: for MS. “purront.”

^{page 133 note 1} Parliament met at Northampton 5 Nov. 1380.

^{page 135 note 1} “Mason de Duresme” in the marginal heading.

^{page 136 note 1} Other documents are dated from Durham on Nov. 10 and 11. He would certainly pass through Durham before reaching Darlington (see nos. 418, 968).

^{page 137 note 1} Henry Percy, earl of Northumberland, earl marshal of England, was made joint warden of the east Marches of Scotland in March 1380. He was son of Henry Percy, who married Mary Plantagenet, sister of Henry of Lancaster, John of Gaunt's father-in-law.

^{page 138 note 1} Omit.

^{page 139 note 1} See Reg. I, 1666.Google Scholar

^{page 140 note 1} Omit.

^{page 140 note 2} A case of haplography and omission.

^{page 141 note 1} Specially marked by Tusser and Ayloffe, the latter of whom has written “wreck” in the margin.—R. S.

^{page 141 note 2} For MS. “par.”

^{page 145 note 1} Meuruk in the heading and again in the text.

^{page 145 note 2} On 8 Feb. 1381 an order was sent to John, duke of Lancaster, and to the barons of his exchequer, to make inquisition by men of the duchy concerning the names of evildoers who, with Peter Gerard, knight, Robert Standyssh, knight, William Tunstall and Robert del Evese committed damages against the earl of Douglas and his tenants in Scotland contrary to the truce between the king and the Scots. £50 was to be levied of the lands and goods of the aforesaid and delivered to Henry, earl of Northumberland, because he paid the same to the earl of Douglas last Christmas (Cal. of Pat. Rolls of the duchy, no. 19, Deputy Keeper's Report, xlGoogle Scholar)—Cf. Bain, J., Cal. Docts, relating to Scotland, iv, 66Google Scholar, no. 299.—R. S.

^{page 149 note 1} Omit.

^{page 151 note 1} The day is omitted in the MS.

^{page 151 note 2} See note to no. 7.

^{page 151 note 3} Said to be a cousin of the duke of Brittany (no. 1200).

^{page 152 note 1} The herald is going preliminary to the campaign of 1381.

^{page 152 note 2} Maud Holand, half-sister of king Richard; married first to Hugh lord Courteney, and secondly to the count of St. Pol.

^{page 152 note 3} His daughter Elizabeth married the third earl of Pembroke.

^{page 152 note 4} Probably the Master of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia.

^{page 153 note 1} The Emperor at this time was Wenceslas, brother of Anne of Bohemia.

^{page 154 note 1} Printed by Delpit, no. 280, but dated wrongly 1 Feb.-R. S.

^{page 157 note 1} There was a privilege in Lancaster that no tenant was to be summoned out of the county, except in case of treason and error.

^{page 157 note 2} Henry de Lacy, second and last earl of Lincoln, died in 1311. His daughter Alice married Thomas Plantagenet, earl of Lancaster, and so brought his vast estates into the family of Lancaster. Though forfeited by Thomas they were restored later.

^{page 158 note 1} His wife Constance, nominally the queen of Castile.

^{page 160 note 1} A mewer or moulted hawk was so called from May till Dec.

^{page 163 note 1} Omit.

^{page 163 note 2} There is evidently a lacuna here.

^{page 163 note 3} See Appendix i—R. S.

^{page 167 note 1} Add “que.”

^{page 168 note 1} Printed in full by Delpit, no. 283.

^{page 168 note 2} Bertonqat d'Albret was a younger brother or bastard of the house of Albret. He had been captain of companies, and had fought for England at Najera, where he had been taken prisoner.

^{page 169 note 1} Printed in full by Delpit, no. 285.

^{page 169 note 2} Barking was a house of Benedictine nuns, founded in the seventh century. The abbess at this time was Matilda de Montacute (1376–94), said to be a daughter of Katharine Swynford by her first husband.

^{page 170 note 1} Marginal heading: “A Raulyn Greindoure pur estre gardein de la Whitecastelle.”

^{page 172 note 1} Omit.

^{page 173 note 1} Marginal heading: “Pur sire Hugh Vaghan.”

^{page 173 note 2} This must be William de Hall (see no. 532, p. 171).—R. S.

^{page 174 note 1} This entry is duplicated immediately after. Against the second enrolment in the margin is “vacat quia supra.”—R. S.

^{page 175 note 1} The date is almost certainly wrong; it should be 23 June 1381.

^{page 176 note 1} Nous volons que: repeated thus in MS.

^{page 176 note 2} Lady Blanche is said, by Froissart, to be an illegitimate daughter of the duke and Marie de Saint Hilaire (Aimitage-Smith, , John of Gaunt, p. 460Google Scholar).

^{page 178 note 1} Bows.

^{page 178 note 2} “Garbes des setes,” sheaves of arrows.

^{page 178 note 3} The earl of Cambridge sailed from Plymouth for Portugal in July 1381.

^{page 178 note 4} John IV of Brittany married (1) Mary, daughter of Edward III of England; (2) Joanna Holland; (3) Joan of Navarre, later the wife of Henry IV.

^{page 178 note 5} Mary de Bohun married Henry of Derby some time in 1380.

^{page 179 note 1} The amount is omitted.

^{page 180 note 1} Isabella of Castile.

^{page 180 note 2} i.e. Hereford. The countess of Hereford was the daughter of Richard earl of Arundel, and the widow of Humphrey Bohun earl of Hereford; she was the mother of Eleanor and Mary Bohun, the wives respectively of Thomas of Woodstock and Henry of Derby.

^{page 180 note 3} Omit.

^{page 182 note 1} The widow of John Hastings, second earl of Pembroke, who had died in 1375.

^{page 182 note 2} Nuneaton in Warwick. The priory was subordinate to the monastery of Fontrevault. At this date Margaret Seliman was prioress (V.C.H., Warwickshire, ii, p. 69Google Scholar).

^{page 182 note 3} His daughter Elizabeth was actually only betrothed to John Hastings, third earl of Pembroke; afterwards the betrothal was annulled.

^{page 182 note 4} “Trente … deniers” repeated in MS.

^{page 182 note 5} The eldest son of the earl of Cambridge was Edward, earl of Rutland, afterwards duke of York; he was killed at the battle of Agincourt.

^{page 183 note 1} See note to no. 543.

^{page 183 note 2} This was probably the cardinal Pileus, archbishop of Ravenna, who was papal nuncio in 1373 and 1375 (Cal. Papal. Letters, iv, 107, 137Google Scholar). In 1380 he was chancellor of Lichfield cathedral (C.P.R., 7 06, 1380).Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 1} Folio 52a is blank.

^{page 184 note 2} Omit.

^{page 186 note 1} Omit.

^{page 186 note 2} Cf. no. 572 and Appendix i. This general pardon is found also in the Cal. of Pat. Rolls, Duchy of Lancaster, no. 19, Reports of Deputy Keeper, xlGoogle Scholar. In the margin there follows here, “Un warrante pur sire Johan Rouclyf require in anno quarto.”

^{page 194 note 1} Chamberlain of the earl of Derby.

^{page 197 note 1} If this date is correct he cannot have been in London on 1 Nov. (see no. 623). It seems likely that he was here in Bedford on his way back from Leicester to London, where he had to be for the opening of parliament on 4 Nov.

^{page 198 note 1} MS. “pur.”

^{page 199 note 1} Richard is probably a slip, as the name should be William. As the name Richard occurs later, it might have caused the clerk to repeat the name when copying.

^{page 202 note 1} This date should probably be December, not November. See note to no. 606.

^{page 205 note 1} If the dates in the register are correct Batelesford was appointed constable of Pevensey castle in place of Colepepir, on 22 June 1380 (1099); Colepepir is called constable in Jan. 1380 (174). He had been first appointed 3 Dec. 1372. (Reg. I, 279Google Scholar.) The 22 June being the first of a new regnal year, it is just possible that a mistake has been made, and the date should have been 1381; but this is not probable, as the appointment is dated from Sonning, and the duke could not possibly have been there in 1381. In any case, Colepepir is now being replaced. See C.P.R. Writ of aid for William de Fiennes and William de Battison, appointed to guard Pevensey against hostile attacks, the date being given as 22 June 1381.

^{page 206 note 1} MS. “dys.”

^{page 206 note 2} See note to no. 634. It was certainly in 1380 that the worst attacks were being made on Sussex (Walsingham, i, p. 438).

^{page 208 note 1} Son of King Robert II.

^{page 209 note 1} The prior of Durham at this date was Robert Benington.

^{page 209 note 2} Scots money was of less value than that of England. The former might not pass “pur greindre pris que maille et sterling Engleys” (Rot. Parl., iii, 126–7).Google Scholar

^{page 209 note 3} There is a space of ¾ in. after 643 and the ink of 644 and 645 is lighter.

^{page 210 note 1} See note to no. 252.

^{page 210 note 2} See note 2 to no. 556, p. 180.

^{page 211 note 1} See Appendix i—R. S.

^{page 214 note 1} Sic MS.

^{page 215 note 1} Sic in MS.

^{page 216 note 1} “Plohman” in the heading.

^{page 218 note 1} William Ufford earl of Suffolk died in 1382. He had married in 1376 Isabel Lestrange of Blakemere, who survived him.

^{page 220 note 1} “Herteford” in the text of the document, but “Hereford” in the marginal heading. It clearly should be Hereford. See note 2 to no. 556, p. 180. Mary Bohun was still so young that she remained in the charge of her mother after her marriage.

^{page 222 note 1} Married in 1380.

^{page 222 note 2} John IV of Brittany married (1) Mary, daughter of Edward III, and (2) Joanna Holland, daughter of the princess of Wales by her first husband.

^{page 222 note 3} Isabella the wife of Ingelram de Coucy, who was made earl of Bedford.

^{page 223 note 1} Styled “the elder” in the marginal heading.

^{page 224 note 1} MS. “liverer,” a confusion of two constructions. See no. 787, p. 253, for the other.

^{page 226 note 1} See Appendix ii.

^{page 226 note 2} Some words (including the name of Richard Page of Madresay) omitted through haplography.

^{page 227 note 1} For MS. “Richard.”

^{page 227 note 2} This looks like a mistake for 28 July 1382, when the duke was at Leicester, whereas in 1381 he was still in Yorkshire.

^{page 229 note 1} Repeated in MS.

^{page 229 note 2} Joan, widow of the Black Prince.

^{page 230 note 1} Sic MS.

^{page 230 note 2} Richard II married Anne of Bohemia 14 Jan. 1382.

^{page 230 note 3} Robert II.

^{page 230 note 4} Wenceslaus, king of Bohemia, son of the emperor Charles IV, and brother of queen Anne, had been made king of the Romans during his father's lifetime. He was elected to succeed Charles in 1378, but was never crowned at Rome.

^{page 232 note 1} Sic MS.