Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T12:02:44.973Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

AERIAL SPRAYING OF A BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS — CHITINASE FORMULATION FOR CONTROL OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

W. A. Smirnoff ,
J. J. Fettes  and
R. Desaulniers
W. A. Smirnoff
Affiliation:
Laurentian Forest Research Centre, Canadian Forestry Service, Ste. Foy, Quebec
J. J. Fettes
Affiliation:
Chemical Control Research Institute, Canadian Forestry Service, Ottawa, Ontario
R. Desaulniers
Affiliation:
Conservation Branch, Department of Lands and Forests, Quebec, Quebec
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A 10,000 acre stand of mature balsam fir, in Temiscouata County, Quebec, which had a spruce budworm population of about 21 larvae/18 in. branch-tip was sprayed with a Bacillus thuringiensis + chitinase formulation. Aerial spraying was carried out by three TBM aircraft between 4 and 7 June 1972, when insect development was at the peak of the third instar. Where the quantity of B. thuringiensis colonies per square centimeter was higher than 77 and spray deposit higher than 0.4 gal/acre (U.S.), larval mortality was between 84% and 93% compared with between 39% and 53% in the check plot. Foliage protection was 47%. The results indicate the possibilities of using B. thuringiensis + chitinase to control spruce budworm infestations.

Résumé

Dix milles acres d’un peuplement de sapin baumier ayant un rendement de 15 cordes de bois de pulpe à l’acre ont été aspergés avec une formule à base de Bacillus thuringiensis et de chitinase. L’application aérienne eut lieu entre le 4 et le 7 juin 1972 alors que la majorité des larves avait atteint le 3ième âge larvaire. Trois appareils de type TBM équipés d’un système d’arrosage à gicleur ont été utilisés pour répandre la formule au rythme de 2 gal (U.S.) acre. Dans les places échantillons où le nombre de colonies de B. thuringiensis par cm2 était supérieur ou égal à 77, et où le volume déposé excédait 0.4 gai (U.S.)/acre, la mortalité larvaire varia de 84 à 93% vis à vis 39 a 53% dans les places témoins. La protection accordée un feuillage fut de 47%. Les résultats de cette expérience sur 10,000 acres démontrent clairement les possibilités concrètes offertes par la formule B. thuringiensis + chitinase pour le contrôle des épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 105 , Issue 12 , December 1973 , pp. 1535 - 1544
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Angus, T. A., Heimpel, A. M., and Fisher, R. A.. 1961. Test of a microbial insecticide against forest defoliators. Can. Dep. Forest. Ent. Pathol. Br. Bi-mon. Prog. Rep. 17(3).Google Scholar
Martineau, R. and Benoit, P.. 1972. A sampling technique for estimating numerical trends in larval populations of insect defoliators in conifers. II. Modification and operational use of the technique for extensive sampling of populations in Quebec. Phytoprotection 54: 23–31.Google Scholar
Smirnoff, W. A. 1963 a. Tests of Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis Berliner and B. cereus Frankland and Frankland on larvae of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). Can. Ent. 95: 127–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smirnoff, W. A. 1963 b. Essais de Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis Berliner et B. cereus Fr. et Fr. sur les chenilles de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'epinette (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Résumé d'un travail presenté à l'ass. ann. 1962, Soc. Prot. Plants Que. Phytoprotection 44(1): 61.Google Scholar
Smirnoff, W. A. 1967. Influence of temperature on the rate of development of six varieties of the Bacillus cereus group. Insect Pathol. and Microbial Control. North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam. pp. 125–130.Google Scholar
Smirnoff, W. A. 1971. Effect of chitinase on the action of Bacillus thuringiensis. Can. Ent. 103: 1829–1831.Google Scholar
Smirnoff, W. A. 1972. Results of experimental aerial spraying of Bacillus thuringiensis against spruce budworm larvae. Bi-mon. Res. Notes, Dep. Environm. 28: 1.Google Scholar
Smirnoff, W. A., Randall, A. P., Martineau, R., Haliburton, W., and Juneau, A.. 1973. Field test of the effectiveness of chitinase additive to Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner against Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Can. J. For. Res. 3: 228–236.Google Scholar