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Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of central and northeastern Washington, United States of America, with cytogenetic emphasis on the Simulium arcticum complex

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2021

Gerald F. Shields Open the ORCID record for Gerald F. Shields [Opens in a new window]  and
John P. Shields
Gerald F. Shields*
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, 1601 N. Benton Avenue, Helena, Montana, 59625-0002, United States of America
John P. Shields
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, 258 Science, 1175 Washington Street, Cheney, Washington, 99004, United States of America
*
*Corresponding author. Email: gshields@carroll.edu
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Abstract

We made 28 collections of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) at 24 locations in central and northeastern Washington state, United States of America, and identified 10 species in three genera, including Simulium arcticum Malloch, which we studied cytogenetically. We analysed 745 larvae of S. arcticum cytogenetically from nine of the 11 sites where it occurred; five sites had small sample sizes. For the collections with large sample sizes, the distribution of S. arcticum may have a geographic pattern. Larvae in western tributaries of the Columbia River have the sex-linked IIL-2 inversion and heterozygotes for the IS-1 autosomal polymorphism in abundance but lack the IIL-21 sex-linked inversion, whereas larvae in eastern tributaries of the Columbia River possess the IIL-21 inversion but lack IIL-2 and the IS-1 inversions. A cytotype new to science, S. arcticum IIL-81, occurs in some larvae at the Methow River in the eastern Cascades region. All females, regardless of location, possess enhanced (Ce Ce) centromere bands in their IIL-chromosomes, whereas all males possess the enhanced, thin (Ce Ct) centromere band dimorphism. The Methow River had nine types of chromosomally identified males in 2019 and eight types in 2020.

Type
Research Papers
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 153 , Issue 4 , August 2021 , pp. 428 - 445
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Lisa Lumley

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