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THE EFFECTS OF ZECTRAN ON THE PARASITOIDS OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D. E. Leonard  and
G. A. Simmons
D. E. Leonard
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine, Orono
G. A. Simmons
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine, Orono
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Abstract

Where the insecticide Zectran was used to protect foliage from feeding of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), the per cent parasitism of dipteran parasitoids (Tachinidae) showed a statistically significant lower value. In treated areas, the per cent parasitism of the hymenopteran Ephialtes ontario (Cresson) (Ichneumonidae) was lower; Meteorus trachynotus Viereck was about the same; Apanteles fumiferanae Viereck, Glypta fumiferanae (Viereck) (Braconidae), and Trichogramma minutum Riley (Trichogrammatidae) were greater. None of these differences was statistically significant. Results were consistent for the 2 years of study with the exception of E. ontario which showed a significant lower percentage parasitism in areas treated 1 year. Absolute population numbers of parasitoids were lower than is suggested by comparisons of apparent parasitism levels. The lowest absolute numbers were found in tachinids and E. ontario. Parasitic hymenopterans and dipterans were among the adult insects killed by the aerial application of Zectran but none of the species collected was a major spruce budworm parasitoid.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 106 , Issue 5 , May 1974 , pp. 545 - 554
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1974

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