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EMERGENCE, HOST ATTACK, AND OVERWINTERING BEHAVIOR OF THE EASTERN LARCH BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS SIMPLEX LECONTE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), IN NEWFOUNDLAND

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

David W. Langor  and
Arthur G. Raske
David W. Langor
Affiliation:
Biology Department, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X9
Arthur G. Raske
Affiliation:
Canadian Forestry Service, Newfoundland Forestry Center, PO Box 6028, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5X8
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Abstract

Overwintered adults of Dendroctonus simplex LeConte emerged in May and June. One generation and two broods were produced in both 1983 and 1984. Females initiated attacks and males arrived within 2 days. One to four pairs of beetles used each entrance hole but each pair constructed a separate egg gallery.

Emergence, host attack, and re-emergence occurred between 1030 and 1700 hours NDT and at mean air temperatures above 4°C. Peaks of attack, which reflect flight peaks, occurred at temperatures above 10°C. About 90% of all parents re-emerged from first brood trees and 61% from second brood trees.

Only adults overwintered. Freezing temperatures caused complete mortality of immature stages. Thirty-five percent of new brood adults emerged in the fall and re-entered galleries at the base of trees for hibernation. Adult tolerance to cold increased from early fall to mid-winter.

Résumé

Les adultes hivernants de Dendroctonus simplex LeConte ont émergé en mai et en juin. En 1983 et 1984, on a observé une génération et deux couvées. Ce sont les femelles qui ont initié l’attaque, les mâles étant arrivés dans les 2 jours suivants. D’un à quatre couples sont entrés par le même trou, mais chaque couple s’est construit une galerie séparée.

L’émergence, l’attaque de l’hôte et la rémergence se sont produites entre 1030 et 1700 heures NDT, à une température de l’air > 4°C. Les pics d’attaque, réflétant les pics de vol, se sont produits à une température > 10°C. Environ 90% des parents sont rémergés des arbres de première couvée, comparé à 61% des parents lors de la deuxième couvée.

Les adultes seuls ont hiverné. Les températures sous le point de congélation ont causé la mortalité totale des stades immatures. Trente-cinq pourcent des adultes de nouvelle génération ont émergé à l’automne et sont rentrés par des galeries localisées à la base des arbres pour hiberner. La tolérance des adultes au froid a augmenté du début de l’automne jusqu’à la mi-hiver.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 119 , Issue 11 , November 1987 , pp. 975 - 983
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1987

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