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FOOD PREFERENCES, SURVIVAL, AND DEVELOPMENT OF FOUR STORED-PRODUCT PESTS (COLEOPTERA) ON RAPESEED AND CANOLA (BRASSICA SPP.)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

S.R. Loschiavo
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M9

Abstract

To assess whether canola seed is more susceptible to infestation than rapeseed, the food preferences, survival, and development of 4 major insect pests of stored products were tested in the laboratory on seeds of 10 cultivars of rapeseed and canola. Adults of the merchant grain beetle, Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), the sawtoothed grain beetle, O. surinamensis (L.), and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) preferred cereal diets on which they are normally reared to any of the rape or canola cultivars. The rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), preferred wheat kernels of 15% moisture content to these cultivars. Insects did not prefer any one of the rape and canola cultivars, and attempted to avoid them. Survival of the 4 species was higher and developmental time shorter on control diets than on the rape and canola cultivars. Oryzaephilus mercator produced only a few progeny on cv. Zephyr, and T. castaneum on cvs. Midas and Tower. No correlations were found between survival or development time and glucosinolate or erucic-acid content. Much higher survival of O. mercator occurred when tests were started with newly emerged larvae than with eggs. Survival was substantially lower on ground than on whole seeds. No evidence was found to indicate that canola seed is more susceptible to infestation than rapeseed.

Résumé

En vue d'évaluer si le canola risque plus que le colza d'être infesté par des insectes, on a étudié en laboratoire, sur des semences de 10 cultivars de colza et de canola, les préférences alimentaires, la survie et le développement de 4 grands insectes ravageurs des denrées entreposées. Au stade adulte, le cucujide des grains oléagineux, Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), le cucujide dentelé des grains, O. surinamensis (L.), et le tribolium rouge de la farine, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), se nourrissaient des céréales dans lesquelles ils vivaient normalement de préférence aux cultivars de colza ou de canola. Le cucujide roux, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), infestait le grain de blé ayant une teneur en humidité de 15% de préférence à ces cultivars. Les insectes n'ont manifesté aucune préférence pour le colza ou le canola et ont plutôt tenté de les éviter. Les 4 espèces ont survécu en plus grand nombre et leur période de développement a été plus courte dans les plantes témoins que dans les cultivars de colza et de canola. Oryzaephilus mercator ne s'est reproduit que dans une faible proportion dans le cultivar Zephyr, de même que T. castaneum dans les cultivars Midas et Tower. On n'a trouvé aucune corrélation entre la survie ou la période de développement et la teneur en glucosinolate ou en acide érucique. Les O. mercator ont survécu en bien plus grand nombre lorsque les essais étaient effectués avec des larves nouvellement écloses plutôt qu'avec des oeufs. Le nombre d'insectes ayant survécu était nettement inférieur dans les graines moulues à celui observé dans les graines entières. Rien n'indiquait que le canola risque plus d'être infesté que le colza.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

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