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HOST RANGE OF LEMA CYANELLA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), A CANDIDATE FOR BIOCONTROL OF CANADA THISTLE, AND OF FOUR STENOPHAGOUS, FOREIGN THISTLE INSECTS IN NORTH AMERICA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D. P. Peschken
D. P. Peschken
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3A2
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Abstract

In the field in Europe, Lenta cyanella (L.) has been reported to breed only on Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) whereas in the laboratory it breeds on species in the genera Cirsium, Carduus, and Silybum. In one laboratory choice test, L. cyanella preferred Cirsium drummondii T.&G. over Canada thistle. In one field-cage test, it concentrated feeding and oviposition on one C. drummondii which thrived in preference to three other C. drummondii and Canada thistle which grew poorly. In a second field-cage test, Canada thistle predominated and L. cyanella fed and oviposited most on Canada thistle although its intrinsic preference for C. drummondii was still apparent. A review of the field host-plants of three accidentally introduced thistle-feeding insects, Orellia ruficauda (F.), Cleonus piger Scop, and Cassida rubiginosa Müller, and the introduced biocontrol agent Rhinocyllus conicus Froel., showed that these insects, which have a wider range of hosts than has L. cyanella, concentrate breeding on introduced species of Cynareae (Compositae). Based on this evidence, it is extrapolated that L. cyanella will exploit Canada thistle and will not damage populations of native Cirsium species when established in North America.

Résumé

En Europe, Lema cyanella (L.) semble ne se reproduire que sur le chardon des champs (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.), mais en laboratoire, l'insecte se reproduit sur les espèces des genres Cirsium, Carduus et Silybum. Dans un test sélectif effectué en laboratoire, L. cyanella a préféré Cirsium drummondii T.&G. au chardon des champs. Dans une épreuve en cage effectuée au champ, l'insecte s'est principalement nourri et a pondu ses oeufs sur un spécimen florissant de C. drummondii, laissant de côté un autre spécimen de cette espèce et un chardon des champs plus chétifs. Dans une seconde épreuve en cage, L. cyanella s'est surtout attaqué au chardon des champs, qui prédominait, mais sa préférence pour C. drummondii était toujours évidente. L'examen des hôtes de trois parasites du chardon accidentellement introduits sur le continent, Orellia ruficauda (F.), Cleonus piger Scop. et Cassida rubiginosa Müller ainsi que de l'agent de lutte biologique Rhinocyllus conicus Froel. révèle que ces insectes, dont la gamme d'hôtes est plus étendue que celle de L. cyanella, se reproduisent surtout sur les espèces de Cynareae (composées) d'origine étrangère. D'après ces constatations, on suppose que L. cyanella s'attaquera au chardon des champs sans toucher aux peuplements des espèces indigènes de chardon une fois que l'espèce se sera établie en Amérique du Nord.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 10 , October 1984 , pp. 1377 - 1384
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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