Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vpsfw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T21:08:45.624Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

THE POTENTIAL OF HETERORHABDITID NEMATODES AS CONTROL AGENTS OF ROOT WEEVILS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

T.A. Rutherford ,
D. Trotter  and
J.M. Webster
T.A. Rutherford
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
D. Trotter
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
J.M. Webster
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Greenhouse and field trials were done to determine the potential of Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks and Hirschmann) Poinar (NC19 strain), an undescribed Heterorhabditis sp. (NC447 strain), and Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (A32−6 strain) to control British Columbia populations of black vine weevil (Otiorhyncus sulcatus Fab.) and strawberry root weevil (O. ovatus L.). An outdoor application of H. heliothidis applied at rates of 500 and 5000 nematodes per litre of soil gave significantly better control of black vine weevil larvae on potted, lodgepole pine trees (Pinus contorta Dougl.) than did a diazinon drench. Under greenhouse conditions Heterorhabditis sp. NC447 was the most effective nematode of the three tested against O. ovatus on potted, Douglas-fir seedlings (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and S. feltiae the least effective, at all dose rates tested. A field trial using H. heliothidis against O. ovatus in a forest nursery did not provide a significant degree of weevil control. This lack of control is attributed to the average outdoor temperature (11 °C) during the treatment period, which was below the nematode’s optimum temperature range, and the higher-than-average rainfall.

Résumé

On a effectué des tests en serre et en laboratoire afin de déterminer le potentiel de Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks et Hirschmann) Poinar (souche N19), une Heterorhabditis sp. non décrite (souche NC447), et Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (souche A32−6) pour le contrôle des populations de la Colombie-Britannique du charançon noir de la vigne (Otiorhynchus sulcatus Fab.) et du charançon de la racine du fraisier (O. ovatus L.). Un traitement à l’extérieur avec H. heliothidis à raison de 500 et 5000 nématodes par litre de sol a permis un contrôle significativement plus efficace des larves du charançon noir de la vigne sur des pins (Pinus contorta Dougl.) en pots, qu’un arrosage au diazinon. En serre, Heterorhabditus sp. NC447 s’est avéré la plus efficace des trois espèces testées contre O. ovatus sur pousses de Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, alors que S. feltiae était la moins efficace, à toutes les doses testées. Un test sur le terrain avec H. heliothidis contre O. ovatus dans une pépinière n’a pas permis de réprimer les charançons de façon détectable. On a attribué cet échec à la température extérieure durant le traitement (11 °C), qui était hors des limites optimales pour le nématode, ainsi qu’à des précipitations supérieures à la moyenne.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 119 , Issue 1 , January 1987 , pp. 67 - 73
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bedding, R.A., and Miller, L.A.. 1981. Use of a nematode, Heterorhabditis heliothidis, to control black vine weevil, Otiorhyncus sulcatus, in potted plants. Ann. appl. Biol. 99: 211–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bedding, R.A., Molyneux, A.S., and Akhurst, R.J.. 1983. Heterorhabditis spp., Neoaplectana spp. and Steinernema krausei: interspecific and intraspecific differences in infectivity for insects. Exp. Parasitol. 55: 249–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cram, W.T. 1978. The effect of root weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on yield of five strawberry cultivars in British Columbia. J. ent. Soc. B.C. 75: 10–11.Google Scholar
Dolmans, N.G.M. 1983. Biological control of the black vine weevil (Otiorhyncus sulcatus) with a nematode (Heterorhabditis spp.). Med. Fac. Landbouww. Rijksuniv. Gent 48: 417–420.Google Scholar
Dutky, S.R., Thompson, J.V., and Cantwell, G.E.. 1964. A technique for the mass propagation of the DD-136 nematode. J. Insect Pathol. 6: 417–422.Google Scholar
Evenhuis, H.H. 1978. Bionomics and control of the black vine weevil Otiorhyncus sulcatus. Med. Fac. Landbouww. Rijksuniv. Gent 43: 607–611.Google Scholar
Garth, G.S., and Shanks, H.C.. 1978. Some factors affecting infestation of strawberry fields by the black vine weevil in Western Washington. J. econ. Ent. 71: 443–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Georgis, R., and Poinar, G.O. Jr., 1984. Greenhouse control of the black vine weevil Otiorhyncus sulcatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by Heterorhabditid and Steinernematid nematodes. Environ. Ent. 13: 1138–1140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hesjedal, K. 1981. Influence of temperature on root weevil populations in strawberry fields (Otiorhyncus spp., Sciaphilus asperatus, Norway). Res. Norw. Agric. 32: 7–11.Google Scholar
Hokkanen, H., and Pimentel, D.. 1984. New approach for selecting biological control agents. Can. Ent. 116: 1109–1121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, D.G., and Steinhauer, J.R.. 1976. Otiorhyncus sulcatus control in Taxus media. Insectie. Acaric. Tests 1: 108.Google Scholar
Poinar, G.O. Jr. 1975. Entomogenous nematodes. E.J. Brill, Leiden. 317 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shrimpton, G. 1985. Four insect pests of conifer nurseries in British Columbia. pp. 119–121in USDA Forest Service General Technical report INT — Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. The Station, Ogden, Utah.Google Scholar
Simons, W.R. 1981. Biological control of Otiorhyncus sulcatus with heterorhabditid nematodes in the glasshouse. Neth. J. Plant Pathol. 87: 149–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, F.F. 1932. Biology and control of the black vine weevil. USDA Tech. Bull. 325. 45 pp.Google Scholar
Warner, R.E., and Negley, F.G.. 1976. The genus Otiorhyncus in America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 78: 240–262.Google Scholar
Webster, J.M. 1980. Biocontrol: the potential of entomophilic nematodes in insect management. J. Nematol. 12: 270–278.Google ScholarPubMed