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WINTER SAMPLING TO DETERMINE OVERWINTERING SITES AND ESTIMATE DENSITY OF ADULT FLEA BEETLE PESTS OF RAPE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

L. Burgess
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X2

Abstract

The three most important flea beetle pests of western Canadian rape crops appear to be selective in choosing their overwintering sites, as the greatest densities of overwintering adults of Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) and Psylliodes punctulata Melsh. were found in leaf litter and turf beneath hedges and(or) shelterbelts, while that of Phyllotreta striolata (F.) was found in these materials beneath groves of native trees. Most beetles overwintered near the surface in leaf litter and turf rather than in the underlying soil. Within a habitat, sample to sample variation for each species was usually large and the overwintering populations appear to have an aggregated distribution pattern. Winter samples over a 6-year period from all five habitat types combined or from parkland groves reflected the continuously low level of the field population of Psylliodes punctulata, and a marked increase in the field population of P. striolata that occurred in one year. Winter samples taken from hedges and(or) shelterbelts provided little information on population sizes or trends except for indicating the general low level of the Psylliodes punctulata population. Winter mortality was low for all three species. The foregoing information will be useful for developing future sampling plans so that overwintering flea beetle populations can be estimated more reliably.

Résumé

Les trois altises les plus répandues dans les cultures de colza de l’Ouest canadien semblent sélectives dans le choix de leur lieu d’hivernage, car les plus fortes densités d’adultes de Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) et de Psylliodes punctulata Melsh. se retrouvent dans la litière de feuilles et le gazon sous les haies et(ou) brise-vents, alors que Phyllotreta striolata (F.) habite en plus grand nombre les mêmes matériaux sous les bocages indigènes. La plupart ont hiverné près de la surface dans la litière et le gazon plutôt que dans le sol sous-jacent. Dans un même habitat, la variation entre les échantillons d’habitat de chaque espèce est généralement prononcée et les populations hivernantes semblent montrer un mode de distribution aggloméré. Des échantillons prélevés pendant l’hiver des cinq types d’habitat combinés ou des bocages des prairies naturelles pendant 6 ans témoignent du faible niveau permanent des populations naturelles de P. punctulata et d’un accroissement marqué de celles de P. striolata survenu au cours d’une année. Des échantillons prélevés de haies et(ou) brise-vents fournissent peu de renseignements sur la taille ou la tendance des populations, sauf pour indiquer le niveau généralement faible de celles de P. punctulata. La mortalité hivernale des trois espèces est faible. Ces informations serviront à élaborer de futurs plans d’échantillonnage permettant d’estimer plus efficacement les populations hivernantes d’altises.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1981

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References

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