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Interactions between the fungal symbiont of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) and two bark beetle-vectored fungi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2012

Kathleen Ryan ,
Jean-Marc Moncalvo ,
Peter de Groot  and
Sandy M. Smith
Kathleen Ryan*
Affiliation:
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3
Jean-Marc Moncalvo
Affiliation:
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6
Peter de Groot
Affiliation:
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
Sandy M. Smith
Affiliation:
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: kathleen.ryan@utoronto.ca).
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Abstract

The woodwasp Sirex noctilio F. is invading North American forests, where it will interact with a large guild of pine-inhabiting beetles and their associated fungi. The woodwasp's obligate fungal symbiont, Amylostereum areolatum (Fries) Boidin (Stereaceae), plays an essential role in the wasp's larval development but is expected to be a poor competitor in the presence of fungi vectored by co-occurring insects. We examined the outcomes of competitive interactions between A. areolatum and two fungal species vectored by bark beetles, Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet (Ophiostomataceae) and Ophiostoma minus (Hedgcock) H. and P. Sydow (Ophiostomataceae), and the effect of temperature and substrate on these interactions. Beetle-associated fungi were usually able to capture more uncolonized resource than A. areolatum regardless of substrate or temperature. Amylostereum areolatum was able to colonize relatively more space in some cases but could not gain substrate already colonized by the ophiostomatoid competitor. These findings suggest that competitive interactions between beetle-vectored fungal species and A. areolatum could influence the reproductive fitness and distribution of S. noctilio within individual trees and also across a wide geographic area.

Résumé

Le sirex européen du pin, Sirex noctilio F., est en train d'envahir les forêts d'Amérique du Nord où il va entrer en contact avec une importante guilde de coléoptères vivant sur les pins et avec leurs champignons associés. Le champignon symbiotique obligé du sirex, Amylostereum areolatum (Fries) Boidin (Stereaceae), joue un rôle essentiel dans le développement larvaire de la guêpe, mais risque d'être un mauvais compétiteur en présence des champignons portés par les insectes en cohabitation. Nous examinons les résultats d'interactions de compétition entre A. areolatum et deux champignons transmis par les scolytes de l'écorce, Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet (Ophiostomataceae) et Ophiostoma minus (Hedgcock) H. et P. Sydow (Ophiostomataceae), ainsi que les effets de la température et du substrat sur ces interactions. Les champignons associés aux scolytes sont généralement capables d'envahir une plus grande partie de la ressource non colonisée qu'A. areolatum, quels que soient la température et le substrat. Dans certains cas, A. areolatum peut occuper plus d'espace, mais il ne réussit pas à conquérir les substrats déjà colonisés par le compétiteur ophiostomatoïdé. Ces résultats indiquent que les interactions de compétition entre les espèces de champignons véhiculées par les scolytes et A. areolatum pourraient affecter la fitness reproductive et la répartition de S. noctilio, aussi bien au niveau des arbres individuels que sur de grandes aires géographiques.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Behavior & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 143 , Issue 3 , June 2011 , pp. 224 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2011

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