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SIMULATED MANAGEMENT OF AN HISTORICAL SPRUCE BUDWORM POPULATION USING INUNDATIVE PARASITE RELEASE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

M. You  and
S.M. Smith
M. You
Affiliation:
Faculty of Forestry, 33 Willcocks Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3
S.M. Smith
Affiliation:
Faculty of Forestry, 33 Willcocks Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3
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Abstract

Summary life table data of historical spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), populations from the Green River Project in New Brunswick, Canada (1947–1958), provided information for developing a management strategy using annual inundative releases of the egg parasite Trichogramma minutum Riley. Three threshold levels (39, 169, and 201 budworm egg masses per 10 m2 foliage) were assigned to the spruce budworm population and a simulation model employed to manage it at or below each level. Based on field data, the lowest threshold represented a light level of defoliation while the other two thresholds represented moderate defoliation levels. With the exception of 3 years at the low level, annual inundative releases of T. minutum successfully suppressed the spruce budworm population below the three thresholds in the model. Annual releases of T. minutum were also simulated during the inclining, plateau, and declining phases of one outbreak cycle of the spruce budworm. At the same rate (12 × 106 female T. minutum per hectare), inundative releases during the inclining phase were more effective than during either the plateau or declining phases. The results suggest that some low and moderate populations of spruce budworm can be effectively managed using annual inundative releases of an egg parasite, particularly toward the end of the inclining phase of an outbreak, but when populations reach severe levels, additional mortality agents probably will have to be considered in an integrated approach.

Résumé

Les données en résumé d’un tableau vital des populations historiques de la tordeuse de l’épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), de l’Opération de Green River, Nouveau-Brunswick, Canada (1947 à 1958), ont fourni les renseignements nécessaires pour développer une stratégie de gestion en utilisant les afflux du parasite des oeufs, Trichogramma minutum Riley. Trois paliers (39, 169 et 201 masses d’oeufs de la tordeuse par 10 m2 de feuillage) ont été attribués à la population de la tordeuse de l’épinette et un modèle simulé a été utilisé pour la gérer au niveau ou au-dessous de chaque palier. Selon les données des champs, le palier le plus bas a représenté un niveau de défoliation légère, pendant que les deux autres paliers ont représenté les niveaux de défoliation modérée. Sauf pendant 3 ans au niveau bas, les afflux de T. minutum ont réussi à supprimer la population de la tordeuse de l’épinette au-dessous des trois paliers du modèle. Les relâchements annuels de T. minutum ont été simulés également pendant les phases d’augmentation, de plateau et de déclin d’un cycle d’une épidémie de la tordeuse. Au même taux (12 × 106 femelles de T. minutum par hectare), les afflux pendant le phase d’augmentation ont été plus efficaces que celui de plateau ou de déclin. Les résultats suggèrent que quelques populations de grandeur légère et modérée pourraient être gérées efficacement en utilisant des afflux d’un parasite d’oeufs, surtout vers la fin d’une phase d’augmentation d’une épidémie. Cependant, quand les populations sont d’un niveau sévère, la considération d’autres agents nocifs serait probablement nécessaire pour une gestion intégrée.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 122 , Issue 6 , December 1990 , pp. 1167 - 1176
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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Footnotes

1

Visiting Scientist from the Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agricultural College, the People's Republic of China.

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