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SPECIES RESPONSES OF CARABID BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) DURING POST-FIRE REGENERATION OF BOREAL FOREST

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

N.J. Holliday
N.J. Holliday
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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Abstract

Beginning 1 year after an intense forest fire in the Interlace region of Manitoba, carabid beetles were sampled by pitfall trapping in two burned sites and two unburned control sites. Before the tire, one burned site had been dominated by aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx,, and the other by conifers (mostly Picea spp.). During the 11-year study, burned sites became dominated by aspen saplings. Three carabid species were caught significantly more frequently in burned sites than in control sites. Two of these, Harpalus laticeps LeConte and H. egregius Casey, invaded soon after the fire and were caught in the burned sites for several years after the fire. Seventeen species were caught significantly less often in burned than in control sites; catches of another 13 common species were not significantly affected by burning of the site. Burning influenced the seasonal patterns of catches of Carabus taedatus F. and Pterostichus adstrictus Eschscholtz; this was attributed to higher litter and soil temperatures in burned sites. Seasonal patterns of other common species were not markedly affected by burning. In burned sites, the incidence of brachypterous species and the size of beetles increased with time after the fire. In control sites, the incidence of brachyptery was independent of time, but the percentage of brachypterous species was significantly higher in the conifer site than in the aspen site. Trends of brachyptery and size are those expected if early colonizers are super-tramp r-strategists and later invaders are K-strategists. Patterns of species occurrence during forest regeneration can be explained in terms of dispersal and competitive abilities, preference for physical attributes of the habitat, and responses to prey availability.

Résumé

Un an après un feu de forêt intense dans la région d’entre les lacs du Manitoba, des carabidés pris dans les pièges de Barber ont été échantillonnés dans deux sites incendiés et deux sites de contrôle non-incendiés. Avant l’incendie, un des sites incendiés avait été dominé par des trembles Populus tremuloides Michx., et l’autre par des conifères, principalement Picea spp. Au cours de l’étude de 11 ans, déjeunes trembles dominaient les sites incendiés. Trois espèces de carabidés ont été capturés d’une fréquence plus signifiante dans les sites incendiés que dans les sites de contrôle. Deux de ceux-ci, Harpalus laliceps LeConte et H. egregius Casey, ont fait invasion peu après l’incendie et ont été capturés dans les sites incendiés plusieurs années après le feu. Dix-sept espèces ont été capturées d’une fréquence moins signifiante dans les sites incendiés que dans les sites de contrôle. La capture de 13 autres espèces communes n’a pas été affectée de façon significative par l’incendie du site. L’incendie a influencé les orientations saisonnières de captures de Carabus taedatus F. et Pterostichus adstrictus Eschscholtz; ceci a été attribué aux plus hautes températures des ordures et du sol dans les sites incendiés. Les orientations saisonnières d’autres espèces communes n’ont pas été affectées de façon marquée par le feu. La fréquence des espèces à ailes courtes et la taille des carabidés ont augmentées, avec le temps, après l’incendie dans les sites incendiés. Dans les sites de contrôle, le temps n’a pas affecté la fréquence d’espèces à ailes courtes, mais le pourcentage d’espèces à ailes courtes était considérablement plus élevé dans le site de conifères que dans le site de trembles. L’orientation des espèces à ailes courtes ainsi que leur taille sont celles anticipées si les premiers colonisateurs sont de “super-tramp stratèges-r” et que plus tard les envahisseurs sont des “stratèges-K”. L’ordre de l’arrivée des espèces peut être expliqué en fonction de dispersion et d’habileté de compétition des “stratèges -r et -K”, mais la préférence d’attributs physique de l’habitat ainsi que la disponsibilité de proie peuvent aussi être impliquées.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 123 , Issue 6 , December 1991 , pp. 1369 - 1389
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991

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