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TOXICITY OF PERMETHRIN, AZINPHOSMETHYL, AND METHOMYL TO PHOLETESOR ORNIGIS (WEED) AND PHOLETESOR PEDIAS NIXON (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE), PARASITES OF THE SPOTTED TENTIFORM LEAFMINER, PHYLLONORYCTER BLANCARDELLA (FABR.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 May 2012
Abstract
The toxicity of the insecticides permethrin, azinphosmethyl, and methomyl to adult Pholetesor ornigis (Weed) and P. pedias Nixon was evaluated in laboratory bioassays. Older P. pedias (2 and 3 days old) were more susceptible than younger parasites (1 day old) to permethrin. Azinphosmethyl was slightly more toxic to female P. ornigis than to male P. ornigis or to P. pedias. There was no consistent difference in the response of adult P. ornigis compared with P. pedias exposed to permethrin or methomyl on treated paper disks. Methomyl was twice as toxic as either azinphosmethyl or permethrin. Male P. ornigis were less susceptible than female P. ornigis to permethrin, but the difference was significant in only one of four populations tested. Male P. ornigis were less susceptible than females to azinphosmethyl. In 1986, populations of P. ornigis which had been exposed previously to pyrethroid insecticides were less susceptible to permethrin than P. ornigis from orchards where pyrethroids had never been applied. The response of both Pholetesor spp. to permethrin varied significantly from 1986 to 1987.
Résumé
Les effets toxiques des insecticides perméthrine, azinphosméthyl et méthomyl sur les adultes de Pholetesor ornigis (Weed) et de P. pedias ont été évalués en laboratoire. Les individus plus âgés (âgés de 2 et 3 jours) de P. pedias sont plus sensibles à la perméthrine que les parasites plus jeunes (âgés de 1 jour). L’azinphosméthyl a des effets légèrement plus toxiques chez les femelles de P. ornigis que chez les mâles de l’une ou l’autre espèce de Pholetesor. Il n’y a pas de différence définie entre la réaction des adultes de P. ornigis et celle des adultes de P. pedias lorsque ces insectes sont exposés à la perméthrine ou au méthomyl sur des disques de papier traité. Le méthomyl (???) toxique que l’azinphosméthyl ou la perméthrine. Les mâles de P. ornigis sont moins sensibles que les femelles à la perméthrine, mais la différence n’a été significative que chez l’une des quatre populations testées. Les mâles de P. ornigis sont moins sensibles que les femelles à l’azinphosméthyl. En 1986, les populations de P. ornigis qui avaient déjà été exposés à des insecticides de type pyréthroïde se sont avérées moins sensibles à la perméthrine que les populations des vergers qui n’avaient jamais été traités. Les réactions des deux espèces de Pholetesor à la perméthrine différaient significativement en 1986 et en 1987.
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- Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991
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