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Criteria for Solvability of Certain Congruences
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 November 2018
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Lower case italics will denote rational integers, while lower case Greek letters will denote algebraic integers. The Law of Quadratic Reciprocity can be formulated as follows:
If p and a are distinct odd primes, then a is a quadratic residue (mod p) if and only if ( — 1)(p-1)/2p is a quadratic residue (mod q).
Let Xp denote the non-principal quadratic character (mod p) and let ζp be a primitive pth. root of unity. Then
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