Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-5lx2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-26T09:25:33.440Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Canadian Activity Patterns Across the Life Span: A Time Budget Perspective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2010

Andrew S. Harvey
Affiliation:
Saint Mary's University
Jerome F. Singleton
Affiliation:
Dalhousie University

Abstract

Previous research on activity patterns of the elderly has relied on survey and interview methods which have depended on special measures and the long term memory of the respondents. This paper examines the use of time budgets in studying changing activity patterns across the life span. The independent variables of interest in this analysu were age, sex, marital status, education, and whether or not the individual lives alone. The dependent variable was the activity patterns of the individual. Results indicate that only age, of the factors considered here, endured significance across all comparisons.

Résumé

Les recherches antérieures sur les activités typiques des personnes âgées se fient à la méthode d'enquêtes et entrevues qui dépendent de procédés spéciaux et de la mémoire à long terme des sujets. Cette étude examine l'emploi des budgets de temps relatif aux changements qui s'effectuent dans les activités typiques des sujets à tout âge. Les variables indépendantes qui sont pertinentes à la présente étude sont celles de l'âge, sexe, situation de famille, scolarisation, et situation de domicile. La variable dépendante est celle des activités typiques des sujets. Les résultats indiquent que seul l'âge se maintient comme facteur pertinent par rapport à toute comparaison effectuée.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Barker, R. (1968). Ecological Psychology, Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Barker, R. & Schloggen, P. (1973). Qualities of Community Life, Washington: Josey-Bass.Google Scholar
Bull, C.N. (1982). Leisure activitiers, in Mangen, (ed.) Research Instruments in Social Gerontology. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Carp, F.M. (19781979). Effects of the living environment on activity and use of time. International Journal Aging and Human Development 9(1), 7591.Google Scholar
Cheek, N.H. & Burch, W.R. Jr, (1976). The Social Organization of Leisure in Human Society. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Cosper, L.R. & Shaw, M.S. (1985). The validity of time-budget studies: A comparison of frequency and diary data in Halifax, Canada. Leisure Sciences, 7(2) 205225.Google Scholar
Cullen, I. & Phelps, E. (1975). Diary Techniques and the Problems of Urban Life. London, final Report to die Social Science Research Council, Grant No. HR2336.Google Scholar
Elliott, D.H., Harvey, A.S. & Macdonald, W.S. (1984). A DEcade Later: Stability and Change in the Pattern of Time Use in the Halifax Panel. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada.Google Scholar
Elliott, D.H. & Elliott, J. (in press). The application of time use data for the longitudinal study of behavioural change over the life cycle. Journal of Social Indicators Research.Google Scholar
Fox, K.A. (1974). Social Indicators and Social Theory: Elements of an Operational System. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Harvey, A.S. (1983). How Canadians use their time: Implications for career counselling. Natcon 6. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada.Google Scholar
Harvey, A.S., Elliott, D.H. & Procos, D. (1977). Sub-Populations Relevant to the Study of the Use of Time: A Working Paper. Halifax, Institute of Public Affairs, Dalhousie University.Google Scholar
Harvey, A.S., Elliott, D.H., & Macdonald, W.S. (1983). The Work of Canadians. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada and Department of Communications.Google Scholar
Harvey, A.S., Elliott, D.H. & Macdonald, W.S. (1984). Where Does the Day Go? Time Use of Labour Force Age Canadians. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada.Google Scholar
Harvey, A.S. (1978). Discretionary time activities in context, paper presented to IX World Congress on Sociology, Uppsala, Sweden Ad Hoc Group 10: “Time Budgets and Social Activities”.Google Scholar
Harris, L. (1976). The Myth and Reality of Aging in America. National Council on Aging. Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Kinsley, B.L. & O'Donnell, T. (1983). Marking Time Methodology Report of The Canadian Time Use Pilot Study 1981. Department of Communications, Ottawa.Google Scholar
Larsen, R., Zuzanek, J., & Mannell, R. (1985). Being alone versus being with people: Disengagement in the daily experience of older adults. Journal of Gerontology 40 (3), 375381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lingsom, S. & Ellingsetter, A.L. (1983). Work, leisure, and time spent with others: Change in time use in the 70's. Oslo: Central Bureau of Statistics.Google Scholar
Lippold, G. (1973). The utilization of time budget data for planning. Society and Leisure, 1.Google Scholar
Little, C.V. (1984). An overview of research using the time-budget methodology to study age-related behaviour. Aging and Society, 4, 1 pp. 3–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAvoy, L.L. (1979). The leisure preferences, problems and needs of the elderly. Journal of Leisure Research, 11, 4047.Google Scholar
McPherson, B.D. (1983). Aging as a Social Process, Toronto, Butterworth.Google Scholar
McPherson, B.D. (1984, Nov.). The Meaning and Use of Time Across the Life-Cyde. The Influence of Work, Family and Leisure. Paper presented at the Canadian Association on Gerontology Annual Meeting, Vancouver, B.C.Google Scholar
Moss, S.M. & Lawton, P.P. (1982). Time budgets of older people: A window of four lifestyles. Journal of Gerontology, 37(1), 115123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nissel, M. (1982). The Use of Time Budgets in Measuring the Cost of Family Care of the Handicapped Elderly. Policy Studies Institute, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nystrom, E.P. (1974). Activity patterns and leisure concepts among the elderly. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 23, 337345.Google Scholar
Patrushev, V.D. (1974). General regularities and features in the use of time-budget of employed urban population in socialist and capitalist countries. Society & Leisure 1, 99122.Google Scholar
Roadburg, A. (1981). Perceptions of work and leisure among the elderly. The Gerontologist, 21 (2), 142145.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, J.P. (1969). Social change as measured by time budgets. Journal of Leisure Research, 1(1): 7578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitz-Scherzer, R. (1979). Aging and Leisure. Sodety & Leisure, 2, 377396.Google Scholar
Schneider, A. (1972). Patterns of social interaction, in Szalai, A. et al., The Use of Time, The Hague, Netherlands: Mouton.Google Scholar
Sidney, H.K. & Shephard, J.R. (1977). Activity patterns of elderly men and women. Journal of Gerontology 32, 1, 2532.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singleton, F.J., Mitic, W. & Farquharson, J. (1986). Profile of community elderly. Activities Adaptation and Aging 9(1): 1724.Google Scholar
Singleton, J. (1985, Summer). Retirement: Its effects on the individual. Activities Adaptation and Aging 6(4).Google Scholar
Stzeneinsha, H. (1973). Use of time-budgets data for diagnosis and prognosis. Society and Leisure, 1, 4969.Google Scholar
Szalai, A. (1966). Differential evaluation of time budgets for comparative purposes, in Merrit, L.R. and Rokkan, S.Comparing Nations. The Use of Quantitative Data in Cross-National Research. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Szalai, A. (May, 1966). Trends in comparative time budget research. The American Behavioral Scientist, 38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szalai, A. (1972). Daily activities of urban and suburban population in twelve countries. Use of Time. The Hague, Mouton.Google Scholar
Ujimoto, V.K. (1984)(a). Time use in comparative gerontological research. Paper presented at the International Research Group on Time Budgets and Social Activities Conference, Helsinki, Finland, August 8–10.Google Scholar
Ujimoto, V.K. (1984)(b). The integration of aged ethnic minorities as determined by the allocation of time to social and leisure activities. Spedai Indicators Research, 17, 253266.Google Scholar
Ujimoto, V.K. (1978). Postwar Japanese immigrants the allocation of time to organizational, social and leisure activities. Paper prepared for World Congress International Sociological Association (August 16, 1978: Uppsala, Sweden).Google Scholar