The portrayal of a beautiful youngster performing uninhibited acrobatics based on Fontan physiology, as presented by Marshall Jacobs, is a brilliant and beautiful thing for us to see. It is, perhaps, all about will over physiology. But it is, nevertheless, happening for that child. Marshall mentioned the need for re-transplantation, whether the beginning strategy was transplantation or reconstructive surgery. Indeed, a relatively small percentage of children transplanted will require re-transplantation because of severe graft coronary disease. Remarkably, in the Loma Linda experience, 10-year actuarial survival for 26 patients following elective re-transplantation is over 85%, exceeding overall actuarial survival at 10 years for children following primary transplantation. Many of the transplanted infants, however, seem to be realistically hopeful that one heart will last their entire lifetime. Of course, the hope is that their's will be a long and healthy lifetime. The requirement for late transplantation following Fontan procedures, however, seems almost inevitable. We'll simply have to keep these children with Fontan circulation under surveillance to see when, in the course of their lives, transplantation will become necessary. Unfortunately, operative and long-term survival among children who are transplanted for failing Fontan physiology have, as yet, been somewhat suboptimal.