Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-m9kch Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-10T18:12:47.923Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Fetal responses to extracorporeal circulatory support

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2008

Frank L. Hanley*
Affiliation:
From the Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco
*
Dr. Frank L. Hanley, San Francisco Medical Center, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M593, Box 0118, San Francisco, California 94143-0118USA. Tel. (415) 476-2606; Fax. (415) 476-9678.

Extract

The current practice of cardiac surgery would be impossible without extracorporeal circulatory support. Although significant morbidity is still associated with these techniques of support, they are “tolerated” because the flexibility and practical advantages which they provide in clinical practice far outweigh the associated morbidity.

Type
World Forum for Pediatric Cardiology Symposium on Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Part 1)
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Heymann, MA, Creasy, RK, Rudolph, AM. Quantitation of blood flow patterns in the fetal lamb in utero. In: Proceedings of the Sir Joseph Barcroft Centenary Symposium.Cambridge,Cambridge University Press, 1973, pp 129135.Google Scholar
2.Friedman, WF. The intrinsic physiologic properties of the developing heart. In: Friedman, WF, Lesch, M, Sonnenblick, EH (eds). Neonatal Heart Disease. Grune & Stratton, New York, 1973, pp 2129.Google Scholar
3.Gilbert, RD.Effects of afterload and baro-receptors on cardiac function in fetal sheep. J Dev Physiol 1982; 4: 299309.Google Scholar
4.Pegg, W, Michalak, M. Differentiation of sarcoplasmic reticulum during cardiac myogenesis. Am J Physiol 1987; 252: H22H31.Google ScholarPubMed
5.Barrett, CT, Heymann, MA, Rudolph, AM. Alpha and beta adrenergic function in fetal sheep. Am J Obstet and Gyn 1972;112: 11141121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Vapaavouri, EK, Shinebourne, EA, Williams, RL. Development of cardiovascular responses to autonomic blockade inintact fetal and neonatal lambs. Biol Neonate 1973; 22: 117188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Fisher, DJ, Heymann, MA, Rudolph, AM. Myocardial oxygen and carbohydrate consumption in fetal lambs in utero and in adult sheep. Am J Physiol 1980; 238: H 399H 405.Google ScholarPubMed
8.Novy, MJ, Piasecki, G, Jackson, BT. Effect of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha on umbilical blood flow and fetal hemodynamics. Prostaglandins 1974; 5: 543555.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Berman, W Jr, Goodlin, RC, Heymann, MA. Effects ofpharma cologic agents on umbilical blood flow in fetal lambs in urero. Biol Neonate 33: 225235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Bradley, SM, Hanley, FL. [Unpublished data]Google Scholar
11.Challis, JRG, Dilley, SR, Robinson, JS. Prostaglandins in the circulation of the fetal lamb. Prostaglandins 1976; 11: 10411052.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Soifer, SJ, Loitz, RD, Roman, C. Leukotriene end organ antago nists increase pulmonary blood flow in fetal lambs. Am J Physiol 1985; 249: H570H576.Google Scholar
13.Adzick, NS, Harrison, MR, Slate, RK, Glick, PL, Villa, RL.Surface cooling and rewarming the fetus: a technique for experimental fetal cardiac operation. Surg Forum 1984; 35: 313316.Google Scholar
14.Slate, RK, Richter, RC, Rudolph, AM, Turley, K. Cardiopulmo nary bypass in fetal lambs: A technique for intrauterine cardiac surgery. Circulation 1984; 70(Suppl II): II 285.Google Scholar
15.Bradley, SM, Hanley, FL, Duncan, BW. Fetal cardiac bypass alters regional blood flows, arterial blood gases and hemody namics in sheep. Am J Physiol 1992; 263: H919–H928.Google Scholar
16.Bradley, SM, Hanley, FL, Duncan, BW. Regional myocardial blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass irs the fetal lamb. Surg Forum 1990; 41: 203206.Google Scholar
17.Bradley, SM, Hanley, FL, Jennings, RW. Regional blood flows during cardiopulmonary bypass in fetal lambs: the effect of nitroprusside. Circulation 1990; 82(Suppl III): III 413.Google Scholar
18.Bradley, SM, Hanley, FL, Jennings, RW. The site of increased placental vascular resistance caused by fetal cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep. Surg Forum 1991; 42: 196197.Google Scholar
19.Sabik, JF, Assad, RS, Hanley, FL. Prostaglandin synthesis inhibition prevents placental dysfunction after fetal cardiac by pass. J Thorac and Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 103: 733742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Sabik, JF, Heinemann, MK, Assad, RS, Hanley, FL. High dose steroids prevent placental dysfunction after fetal cardiac by pass. J Thorac and Cardiovasc Surg. [In press]Google Scholar
21.Harrison, MR, Anderson, J, Rosen, MA. Fetal surgery in the primate I. Anesthetic, surgical, and tocolytic management to maximize fetal-neonatal survival. J Pediatr Surg 1982; 17: 115122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Sabik, JF, Assad, RS, Hanley, FL. Halothane as an anesthetic for fetal surgery. Pediatr Surg. [In press]Google Scholar
23.Fenton, KM, Heinemann, MK, Hickey, PR, Hanley, FL. The stress response during fetal surgery is blocked by total spinal anesthesia. Surg Forum. [In press]Google Scholar
24.Fenton, KM, Hanley, FL. [Unpublished data]Google Scholar
25.Assad, RS, Lee, FY, Sabik, J, Hanley, FL. Tolerance of the placenta to normothermic umbilical circulatory arrest. J Matern Fetal Invest 1992; 2: 145150.Google Scholar
26.Fenton, KM, Heinemann, MK, Hanley, FL. Exclusion of the placenta during fetal cardiac bypass allows improved systemic perfusion and provides important information about the mechanism of placental injury. J Thorac and Cardiovasc Surg. [In press]Google Scholar
27.Assad, RS, Lee, FY, Bergner, K, Hanley, FL. Extracorporeal circulation in the isolated in situ lamb placenta: hemodynamic considerations. J Applied Physiol 1992; 72: 21762180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Assad, RS, Hanley, FL. [Unpublished data]Google Scholar
29.Anand, KJS, Phil, D, Hickey, PR. Pain and its effects in the human neonate and fetus. N EngJ Med 1987; 317: 13211329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30.Anand, KJS, Hansen, DD, Hickey, PR. Hormonal–metabolic stress responses in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery. Anesthesiol 1990; 73: 661670.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Fenton, KM. Hanley, FL. [Unpublished data]Google Scholar
32.Rose, V, Clark, LE. Etiology of congenital heart disease. Freedom, RM, Benson, LN, Smallhorn, JF (eds). Neonatal Heart Disease. Springer–Verlag, 1992.Google Scholar
33.Allan, LD, Crawford, DC, Tynan, MJ. Pulmonary atresia in prenatal life. J Am Coil Cardiol 1986; 8: 11311136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34.Allan, LD, Crawford, DC, Anderson, RH, Tynan, M. Spectrum of congenital heart disease detected echocardiographically in prenatal life. Br Heart J 1985; 54: 523526.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35.Lev, M, Arcilla, R, Rimaldi, HJ. Premature narrowingorclosure of the foramen ovale. Am HeartJ 1963; 638647.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36.Silverman, NH, Golbus, MS. Echocardiographic techniques for assessing normal and abnormal fetal cardiac anatomy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985; 5: 20S29S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37.Dolkart, LA, Reimers, FT. Transvaginal fetal echocardiography in early pregnancy: normative data. Am J Obstet Gyn 1991; 165: 688691.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed