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Long-term results of the Warden procedure for right partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2022

Clément Dubost Open the ORCID record for Clément Dubost [Opens in a new window] ,
Carine Pavy ,
Pierre Maminirina ,
Nadir Benbrik  and
Olivier Baron
Clément Dubost*
Affiliation:
Medical-Surgical Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 7 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
Carine Pavy
Affiliation:
Medical-Surgical Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 7 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
Pierre Maminirina
Affiliation:
Medical-Surgical Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 7 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
Nadir Benbrik
Affiliation:
Medical-Surgical Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 7 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
Olivier Baron
Affiliation:
Medical-Surgical Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 7 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
*
Author for correspondence: Dr Clement Dubost, Cardiac Surgeon at Nantes, in France, Cardiac Surgery (CTCV), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 7 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France. Tel: +33 2 40 16 50 90. E-mails: clement.dubost@chu-nantes.fr; cd.dubost@gmail.com
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Abstract

Introduction:

Surgery is considered as the first-line therapeutic strategy of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The Warden technique has very good short-term results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of these good results over a long period of follow-up.

Materials and Methods:

We reviewed all patients who underwent a Warden procedure for partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection between 1997 and 2017 in our centre. A total of 73 patients were included. The median age was 14 years (5 months–72 years). Post-operative data were obtained through our hospital network. Late follow-up data were obtained through referrals, cardiologist letters and directly from the patient.

Results:

The mean length of follow-up was 8 years and the longest time was 22 years (range, 1–22). Twenty-five percent of our cohort had more than 10 years of follow-up. There were no cardio-vascular deaths. Eight (11.6%) patients suffered from post-operative rhythm disturbances, 5 (7.2%) of which were permanent. Two (2.9%) patients required a pacemaker implantation. At the end of the follow-up period, only one patient remained pacemaker dependent. There were no pulmonary vein obstructions. Two (2.9%) caval vein stenosis were detected, one at 7 months and the other at 7 years. These patients were treated by angioplasty alone. Five (6.8%) patients were lost to follow-up.

Conclusions:

The good short-term results of the Warden procedure for right partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection appear to persist in the long term, with excellent freedom from pulmonary and caval stenosis in adolescence through to adulthood.

Keywords

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connectionCHDWarden proceduresinus node dysfunctionpulmonary venous return stenosissystemic venous return obstruction
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 33 , Issue 3 , March 2023 , pp. 457 - 462
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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