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Pulmonary effects on exercise testing in tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 November 2018

Adam W. Powell Open the ORCID record for Adam W. Powell [Opens in a new window] ,
Wayne A. Mays ,
Sandra K. Knecht  and
Clifford Chin
Adam W. Powell*
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Wayne A. Mays
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Sandra K. Knecht
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Clifford Chin
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
*
Author for correspondence: A. W. Powell, MD, 3333 Burnett Avenue, MLC 2003, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA. Tel: 513-636-4432; Fax: 513-636-6952; E-mail: Adam.Powell@cchmc.org
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Abstract

Background

A transannular patch is often used in the contemporary surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. This can lead to significant pulmonary insufficiency and increased right ventricular volumes and ultimately pulmonary valve replacement. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is used to assess exercise capacity in tetralogy of Fallot patients before pulmonary valve replacement. There is only few published literatures on how lung function affects functional capacity in tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was done from 2015 to 2017 on patients with tetralogy of Fallot who underwent maximal effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing with cycle ergometry and with concurrent pulmonary function testing. Tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch without pulmonary valve replacement were compared with age, gender, and size-matched normal controls.

Results

In the tetralogy of Fallot group, 24 out of 57 patients underwent primary repair with a transannular patch. When compared to the normal controls, they demonstrated abnormal predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (79 ± 23.1% versus 90.7 ± 14.1%, p<0.05), predicted maximal voluntary ventilation (74 ± 18% versus 90.5 ± 16.2%, p<0.05) while having low-normal predicted forced vital capacity (80.5 ± 17.2% versus 90.2 ± 12.4%, p<0.05) and normal breathing reserve percentage (50.3 ± 11.3% versus 47.5 ± 17.3%, p = 0.52). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing abnormalities included significantly lower percent predicted oxygen consumption (63.2 ± 12.2% versus 87 ± 12.1%, p<0.05), maximal heart rate (171.8 ± 18.9 versus 184.6 ± 13.6, p<0.05), and percent predicted maximum workload (61.7 ± 15.9% versus 88.3 ± 21.5%, p<0.05).

Conclusions

Tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch can have abnormal pulmonary function testing with poor exercise capacity in addition to chronotropic incompetence and impaired muscular power.

Keywords

Tetralogy of Fallotcardiopulmonary exercise testingpulmonary function
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , February 2019 , pp. 133 - 139
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

Cite this article: Powell AW, Mays WA, Knecht SK, Chin C (2018). Pulmonary effects on exercise testing in tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch. Cardiology in the Young page 133 of 139. doi: 10.1017/S1047951118001920

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