¹ To cite just a few of the most important works: Barnavi, Élie, Le parti de Dieu: Étude social et politique des chefs de la Ligue parisienne, 1585–1594 (Brussels: Nauwelaerts, 1980)Google Scholar; Crouzet, Denis, Les guerriers de Dieu: La violence au temps des troubles de religion, vers 1525–vers 1610, 2 vols. (Seyssel: Champ Vallon, 1990)Google Scholar; Descimon, Robert, Qui étaient les Seize? Mythes et réalités de la Ligue parisienne, 1585–1594 (Paris: Kincksieck, 1983)Google Scholar; and Constant, Jean-Marie, La Ligue (Paris: Fayard, 1996)Google Scholar.

² To my mind, the single most valuable recent contribution to our understanding of Protestant militance and the breakdown of civil order in France is the brief article by Benedict, Philip, “The Dynamics of Protestant Militancy: France, 1555–1563,” in Reformation, Revolt and Civil War in France and the Netherlands, 1555–1585, ed. Benedict, Philip et al. , 35–50 (Amsterdam: Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1999)Google Scholar. This article would, for example, have helped Kevin Gould clarify his explanation of why Catholics in Southwestern France felt so threatened by Protestant activism in the period leading up to the religious wars. Denis Crouzet's article, “Calvinism and the Uses of the Political and the Religious (France, ca. 1560–ca. 1572),” in the same volume (95–114) might have been equally useful to Nikki Shepardson in her attempt to situate Anne du Bourg's ideas in the broader current of Huguenot resistance theory.

³ The cited passages are from the Oraison au Senat de Paris pour la Cause des Chrestiens, à la consolation d'iceux, d'Anne du Bourg Prisonnier pour la parole (n.p., 1560), 10–11.

⁴ Shepardson is not alone in citing this passage as advocacy of tyrannicide. This is an important part of Kenz's, David El argument in Les bûchers du roi: la culture protestante des martyrs (1523–1572) (Paris: Champ Vallon, 1997)Google Scholar.

⁵ Monter, William, Judging the French Reformation: Heresy Trials by Sixteenth-Century Parlements (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999), 192Google Scholar.

⁶ For examples, see Crespin, Jean, Histoire des martyrs persecutez et mis à mort pour la verité de l'évangile, depuis le temps des apostres jusques à présent (1619), ed. Benoît, Daniel and Lelièvre, Matthieu (Toulouse: Société des livres religieux, 1889), 3: 674Google Scholar (wife of Antoine Merlanchon), 675 (wife of a jeweler named Monluet), and 676 (wives of Philippe Le Doux and Pierre Feret).

⁷ Ibid., 670–672.

⁸ Citing Gregory, Brad S., Salvation at Stake: Christian Martyrdom in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999), 154Google Scholar.