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Sequential structure transformation of illite-smectite-vermiculite during diagenesis of Upper Jurassic shales from the North Sea and Denmark

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

V. A. Drits ,
B. A. Sakharov ,
H. Lindgreen  and
A. Salyn
V. A. Drits
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevsky per D.7, 109017 Moscow, Russia
B. A. Sakharov
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevsky per D.7, 109017 Moscow, Russia
H. Lindgreen
Affiliation:
Clay Mineralogical Laboratory, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Thoravej 8, DK2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
A. Salyn
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevsky per D.7, 109017 Moscow, Russia
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Abstract

For mixed-layer clay fractions from the North Sea and Denmark, X-ray diffractograms have been recorded for specimens saturated with Mg, Ca, Na and NH4, both airdry and intercalated with ethylene glycol, and the patterns have been computer-simulated with a multicomponent program. The mixed-layer fractions consist of an illite-smectite-vermiculite (I-S-V) phase constituting ~90% of the fraction and a kaolinite-illite-vermiculite (K-I-V) phase. For each I-S-V, the degree of swelling in swelling interlayers depends on both interlayer cation and glycolation, whereas the amount of non-swelling illite and swelling interlayers and the interstratification parameters are constant. Based on structural characteristics and the degree of diagenetic transformation, the samples investigated can be divided into three groups. The I-S-V of group one is predominantly detrital and has 0.69-0.73 illite, 0.26-0.20 smectite and 0.04-0.07 vermiculite interlayers, the illite, smectite and vermiculite interlayers being segregated. The I-S-V of group two has been diagenetically transformed and has 0.80 illite, 0.12 smectite and 0.08 vermiculite interlayers, the vermiculite interlayers being segregated whereas the illite and smectite have the maximum ordering possible for R = 1. The I-S-V of group three has been further transformed during diagenesis and has 0.84 illite, 0.08 smectite and 0.08 vermiculite interlayers. Statistical calculations demonstrate that the I-S-V transformation can be described as a single interlayer transformation (SIT) within the crystallites.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , September 1997 , pp. 351 - 371
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1997

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