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Characteristics and Formation Pathways of Iron- and Magnesium-Silicate-Hydrates and Smectites Under Natural Alkaline Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Misato Shimbashi Open the ORCID record for Misato Shimbashi [Opens in a new window] ,
Shingo Yokoyama ,
Ryosuke Kikuchi ,
Tsubasa Otake  and
Tsutomu Sato
Misato Shimbashi*
Affiliation:
Geology and Geotechnical Engineering Division, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba 270-1194, Japan Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
Shingo Yokoyama
Affiliation:
Geology and Geotechnical Engineering Division, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba 270-1194, Japan
Ryosuke Kikuchi
Affiliation:
Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
Tsubasa Otake
Affiliation:
Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
Tsutomu Sato
Affiliation:
Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
*
e-mail: s-misato@criepi.denken.or.jp
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Abstract

Understanding the behavior of secondary minerals under alkaline conditions is important for predicting the potential alteration of the constituent minerals in radioactive-waste disposal facilities. A previous study reported the formation of uncommon Fe- and Mg-bearing clays under natural alkaline conditions in the Philippines; these were referred to as iron-magnesium-silicate-hydrates (F-M-S-H) and nontronite-like minerals. The current study aimed to investigate the structural and chemical characteristics and to understand the formation pathways of these clays by performing a detailed characterization. F-M-S-H comprised tetrahedral–octahedral–tetrahedral (TOT) layers, imperfect interlayer hydroxide sheets, and interlayer Ca ions. The systematic changes in the characteristics of F-M-S-H at different sampling depths, such as the gradual decrease of the interlayer hydroxide sheets to form smectitic domains, were caused by the differing interaction periods between each sediment at different sampling depths and alkaline seepage. Furthermore, F-M-S-H was ferrous in form prior to oxidation. In contrast, a nontronite-like mineral comprised nontronite and part of an interlayer hydroxide sheet. This mineral was inferred to be formed under chemically different conditions from F-M-S-H, and probably formed in the presence of aqueous Fe3+ and Mg ions.

Keywords

Alkaline conditionsInterlayer hydroxide sheetIron-magnesium-silicate-hydrateNontroniteRadioactive-waste disposal
Type
Original Paper
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 70 , Issue 4 , August 2022 , pp. 492 - 513
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Clay Minerals Society 2022

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