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Differentiation of Pleistocene Deposits in Northeastern Kansas by Clay Minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2024

Pei-Lin Tien
Pei-Lin Tien*
Affiliation:
Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.
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Abstract

Seventy-four samples from eight stratigraphic sections of lower Pleistocene glacial and glaciofluvial deposits in Doniphan County, extreme northeastern Kansas, were analyzed using X-ray diffraction techniques. Clay-mineral) assemblages of the <2 μ fraction of these deposits are nearly identical, consisting of a mixed-layer clay mineral associated with minor amounts of kaolinite and illite.

An attempt was made to differentiate units of till and nontill deposits by using the relative intensities of 001 reflections of “mixed-layer mineral,” kaolinite, and illite. At least two tills were recognizable. Associated nontill deposits, could not be differentiated from one another, although the nontills are easily distinguished from tills.

Résumé

Résumé

Soixante-quatorze prélèvements de huit sections stratigraphiques de dépôts glaciaires et fluvio-glaciaires effectués à Doniphan County, dans l’extrême nord-est du Kansas, ont été analysés selon des techniques utilisant la diffraction des rayons X. Des assemblages de minéraux argileux de la fraction <2 μ de ces dépôts sont presque identiques, et consistent en un minéral argileux interstratifie associé à de petites quantités de kaolinite et d’illite.

Un essai a été effectué pour différencier les dépôts argileux et non argileux en utilisant les intensités relatives de réflections 001 du “Mineral interstratifie”, kaolinite et illite. Au moins deux argiles étaient reconnaissables. Il était impossible de différencier entre eux les dépôts associés non argileux, bien que ceux-ci se distingaient facilement des dépôts argileux.

Kurzreferat

Kurzreferat

Vierundsiebzig Proben aus acht stratigraphischen Abschnitten von Moränen- und Moränenflussablagerungen aus dem Unteren Pleistozän im Doniphan Kreis im nordöstlichen Kansas wurden unter Anwendung des Röntgenbeugungsmethoden analysiert. Der Aufbau der Tonminerale in den <2 μ Brüchen dieser Ablagerungen ist beinahe identisch und besteht aus einem Mischschicht-Tonmineral in Verbindung mit kleineren Mengen von Kaolinit und Illit.

Es wurde versucht, zwischen Geschiebelehm und Nicht-Geschiebelehm zu unterscheiden, indem die relativen Stärken der 001 Reflexionen des “Mischschicht Minerals” Kaolinit und Illit verwendet wurden. Zum mindesten zwei Geschiebelehme wurden beobachtet. Die damit verbundenen Nicht-Geschiebelehme konnten nicht voneinander unterschieden werden, während jedoch die Nicht-Geschiebelehme sehr leicht von der Geschiebelehmen zu unterscheiden sind.

Резюме

Резюме

Семьдесят четыре образца из восьми стратиграфических разрезов нижних плей-стоценовых ледниковых и флювиогляциальных отложений в графстве донифан, на крайнем северо-востоке штата Канзас, были подвергнуты анализу пользуясь методами рентгеновской дифракции. Ассоциации глинистых минералов фракции 2μ этих отложений почти что идентичны и состоят из смещаннослойного глинистого минерала, ассоциированного с небо-льшими количествами каолинита и иллита.

Предпринимались пробы для различения ледниковых и неледниковых отложений, пользуясь относительной интенсивностью 001 отражений ‘смещаннослойного минерала" каолинита и иллита. Различено по крайней мере две валунные глины. Ассоциированные неледниковые отложения нельзя было отличить друг от друга, хотя ледниковые наносы легко отличаются от неледниковых.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , June 1968 , pp. 99 - 107
Copyright
Copyright © 1968, The Clay Minerals Society

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Footnotes

*

Publication authorized by Director, Kansas Geological Survey.

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