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The Influence of Aluminum on Iron Oxides: XIV. Al-Substituted Magnetite Synthesized at Ambient Temperatures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

U. Schwertmann  and
E. Murad
U. Schwertmann
Affiliation:
Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, D-8050 Freising-Weihenstephan, Federal Republic of Germany
E. Murad
Affiliation:
Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, D-8050 Freising-Weihenstephan, Federal Republic of Germany
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Abstract

Mixtures of magnetite and goethite were formed by the slow oxidation of mixed FeCl2-AlCl3 solutions in an alkaline environment at room temperature. The compositions of the products ranged from almost exclusively magnetite in Al-free systems to goethite only at Al/(Al + Fe) ≈ 0.3. The magnetic phase consisted of a partly oxidized (Fe2+/Fe3+ < 0.5), Al-substituted magnetite. The unit-cell edge length a of the magnetite decreased with increasing Al(Al ≈ 0–0.37 per formula unit, corresponding to 0–14 mole % Al) and decreasing Fe2+ in the structure as described by the empirical relationship α(A) = 8.3455 + 0.0693 Fe2+ - 0.0789 Al. A correlation between the experimentally determined a and that calculated from the unit-cell edge lengths of end-member magnetite, maghemite, and hercynite was highly significant (r = .96) although shifted by about 0.01 Å. Mössbauer spectra showed Al to have entered preferentially the tetrahedral rather than the octahedral sites at low Al substitutions (<0.15 per formula unit), perhaps because of steric reasons. With increasing Al substitution the crystal size of magnetite decreased and structural strain increased, indicating that the structure had a limited capability to incorporate Al under these synthesis conditions. The capacity of the goethite structure to tolerate more Al may explain why goethite replaced magnetite at higher Al concentrations.

Keywords

AluminumGoethiteIron oxideMagnetiteMössbauer spectroscopyX-ray powder diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 2 , April 1990 , pp. 196 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

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