Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-g7rbq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-26T08:10:51.973Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Influence of Hydroxyl Orientation, Stacking Sequence, and Ionic Substitutions on the Interlayer Bonding of Micas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2024

R. F. Giese Jr.*
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo 4240 Ridge Lea Road, Amherst, NY 14226, U.S.A. Wave Propagation Branch, Terrestrial Sciences Laboratory, Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Hanscom Air Force Base, Bedford, MA 01731, USA

Abstract

Hydroxyl orientation has a major influence on the strength of the ionic interlayer bonding in micas because of the strong repulsion between the hydrogen and the interlayer cation (IC). In order to determine if other factors also influence the magnitude of the interlayer bond energy, the effect due to the varying H-IC distance, as one finds, for example, between a dioctahedral and a trioctahedral mica, must be removed. This can be done by calculating the bond energy as a function of the H-IC distance; a plot of which is a smooth curve with a minimum energy for the minimum H-IC distance. If there are no other factors which substantially contribute to the interlayer bonding energy, such curves for all micas should be superimposed. If, however, the curves are not superimposed but fall into groups with common attributes (stacking sequence, ionic substitutions, etc.) the energy separations between groups of curves indicate the influence of these other factors.

The results of such calculations for four dioctahedral micas (2M1 muscovite, 3T muscovite, and two 1M muscovites) and four trioctahedral micas (2M1 biotite, 1M phlogopite, 2M2 lepidolite and a 1M MgIV mica) indicate that these curves are at higher energy for dioctahedral than for trioctahedral micas and this energy increase is due to the filling of the octahedral sites. The dioctahedral micas are arranged in terms of energy as 1M ≥ 3T ≫ 2M1 while the order for the trioctahedral micas is 1M ≥ 2M1 ≅ 2M2. In addition, the calculated energies suggest that the distribution of the layer charge between the octahedral and tetrahedral sheets affects the strength of the interlayer bond such that the greater the charge on the octahedral sheet, the stronger the interlayer bond.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1977

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Giese, R. F. (1974) Surface energy calculations for muscovite: Nature 248, 580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giese, R. F. (1975a) The effect of F/OH substitution on some layer-silicate minerals: Z. Kristallogr. 141, 138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giese, R. F. (1975b) Interlayer bonding in talc and pyrophyllite: Clays & Clay Minerals 23, 165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giese, R. F. (1975c) Crystal structure of ideal, ordered one-layer micas: AFCRL-TR-75-0438, Environmental Research Papers, No. 526, 135 pp.Google Scholar
Güven, N. (1971) The crystal structures of 2M1 phengite and 2M1 muscovite: Z. Kristallogr. 134, 196.Google Scholar
Güven, N. and Burnham, C. W. (1967) The crystal structure of 3T muscovite: Z. Kristallogr. 125, 163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazen, R. M. and Burnham, C. W. (1973) The crystal structure of one-layer phlogopite and annite: Am. Miner. 58, 889.Google Scholar
Rothbauer, R. (1971) Untersuchung eines 2M1 Muskovits mit Neutronenstrahlen: Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Monatsh. 4, 143.Google Scholar
Sartori, F., Franzini, M. and Merlino, S. (1973) Crystal sturcture of a 2M2 lepidolite: Acta Crystallogr. B29, 573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soboleva, S. V. and Zvyagin, B. B. (1969) Crystal structure of dioctahedral Al-mica 1M: Soviet Physics—Crystallogr. 13, 516.Google Scholar
Takeda, H. and Ross, M. (1974) Dissimilarities in the crystal structures of 1M and 2M1 biotite polytypes co-existing in a rhyodacite lava flow: GSA Ann. Meeting, Miami Beach.Google Scholar
Tateyama, H., Shimoda, S. and Sudo, T. (1974) The crystal structure of synthetic MgIV mica: Z. Kristallogr. 139, 196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar