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Protecting Peasants from Capitalism: The Subordination of Javanese Traders by the Colonial State

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2009

Jennifer Alexander  and
Paul Alexander
Jennifer Alexander
Affiliation:
Australian National University
Paul Alexander
Affiliation:
University of Sydney
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Extract

Colonial Java represents the paradigmatic case of an ethnically stratified economy. The Dutch controlled large-scale agricultural production and processing and the sale of these products in European markets. They also monopolised the import of European manufactured commodities, such as cloth. The Javanese provided labour for the cultivation and processing of export crops, maintaining themselves by subsistence farming and subsidiary occupations, such as petty trading and handicrafts. The Chinese linked the other two groups, providing supervisors and skilled workers in export agriculture, bulking peasant crops for interregional trade and export to other Asian countries, and wholesaling the imported and manufactured commodities that the Javanese required. Although ethnic monopoly of economic function was never quite this absolute, the basic hierarchical structure was only momentarily threatened in the mid-1930s, when the Japanese began importing their own commodities and selling them in their own stores to challenge the position of both the Dutch and the Chinese (Cator 1936:75–7; Liem 1947:66).

Type
State Economic Policy and Social Division
Information
Comparative Studies in Society and History , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , April 1991 , pp. 370 - 394
Copyright
Copyright © Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History 1991

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