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Dimensions of child maltreatment and longitudinal diurnal cortisol patterns: The roles of resilience and child sex

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2023

Jianing Sun Open the ORCID record for Jianing Sun [Opens in a new window] ,
Erika Lunkenheimer Open the ORCID record for Erika Lunkenheimer [Opens in a new window]  and
Danhua Lin
Jianing Sun
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Erika Lunkenheimer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Danhua Lin*
Affiliation:
Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
*
Corresponding author: D. Lin; Email: danhualin@bnu.edu.cn
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Abstract

Informed by the dimensional approach to adversity, this study disaggregated child maltreatment effects to examine how abuse versus neglect influenced cortisol at the baseline assessment and longitudinal changes in diurnal cortisol among a sample of Chinese children and adolescents (N = 312; aged 9–13 years; Mage = 10.80, SD = 0.84; 67% boys). The moderating roles of resilience and sex differences in these associations were also explored. Results revealed distinct effects of abuse versus neglect on diurnal cortisol in girls, but not boys, which varied by the time scale of assessment and type of cortisol measure. Specifically, abuse was associated with girls’ longitudinal changes in awakening cortisol, cortisol awakening response, and diurnal cortisol slope over one year, whereas neglect was associated with girls’ awakening cortisol and cortisol awakening response at the baseline assessment. Further, resilience moderated the effects of abuse on girls’ baseline awakening cortisol and longitudinal changes in diurnal cortisol slope, suggesting both the potential benefits and costs of resilience. Findings support the application of the dimensional approach to research on stress physiology and deepen our understanding of individual differences in the associations between child maltreatment and diurnal cortisol.

Keywords

dimensional approachchild abuse and neglectdiurnal cortisolresiliencesex differences
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , First View , pp. 1 - 15
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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