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PCIT engagement and persistence among child welfare-involved families: Associations with harsh parenting, physiological reactivity, and social cognitive processes at intake

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2021

Amanda M. Skoranski Open the ORCID record for Amanda M. Skoranski [Opens in a new window] ,
Elizabeth A. Skowron Open the ORCID record for Elizabeth A. Skowron [Opens in a new window] ,
Akhila K. Nekkanti Open the ORCID record for Akhila K. Nekkanti [Opens in a new window] ,
Carolyn M. Scholtes Open the ORCID record for Carolyn M. Scholtes [Opens in a new window] ,
Emma R. Lyons  and
David S. DeGarmo
Amanda M. Skoranski
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology & Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
Elizabeth A. Skowron*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology & Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
Akhila K. Nekkanti
Affiliation:
Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
Carolyn M. Scholtes
Affiliation:
Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
Emma R. Lyons
Affiliation:
Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
David S. DeGarmo
Affiliation:
College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Elizabeth Skowron, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon; E-mail: eskowron@uoregon.edu
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Abstract

Parent-Child interaction therapy (PCIT) has been shown to improve positive, responsive parenting and lower risk for child maltreatment (CM), including among families who are already involved in the child welfare system. However, higher risk families show higher rates of treatment attrition, limiting effectiveness. In N = 120 child welfare families randomized to PCIT, we tested behavioral and physiological markers of parent self-regulation and socio-cognitive processes assessed at pre-intervention as predictors of retention in PCIT. Results of multinomial logistic regressions indicate that parents who declined treatment displayed more negative parenting, greater perceptions of child responsibility and control in adult–child transactions, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) increases to a positive dyadic interaction task, and RSA withdrawal to a challenging, dyadic toy clean-up task. Increased odds of dropout during PCIT's child-directed interaction phase were associated with greater parent attentional bias to angry facial cues on an emotional go/no-go task. Hostile attributions about one's child predicted risk for dropout during the parent-directed interaction phase, and readiness for change scores predicted higher odds of treatment completion. Implications for intervening with child welfare-involved families are discussed along with study limitations.

Keywords

child welfareemotion regulationparent attributionsParent×Child interaction therapyrespiratory sinus arrhythmia
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 34 , Issue 4 , October 2022 , pp. 1618 - 1635
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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