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Prenatal depression, fetal neurobehavior, and infant temperament: Novel insights on early neurodevelopment from a socioeconomically disadvantaged Indian cohort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 August 2018

M. Fernandes ,
K. Srinivasan ,
G. Menezes  and
P. G. Ramchandani
M. Fernandes*
Affiliation:
University of Southampton University of Oxford
K. Srinivasan
Affiliation:
St. John's Medical College Hospital St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
G. Menezes
Affiliation:
Snehalaya Hospital
P. G. Ramchandani
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Michelle Fernandes, Department of Paediatrics, Southampton Children's Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; E-mail: m.c.fernandes@soton.ac.uk.
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Abstract

This article extends the research focusing on the early origins of psychopathology into the prenatal period, by exploring the association between maternal prenatal depression and offspring (fetal and infant) neurobehavior. The sample is recruited from a rural population in South India where women in the third trimester of pregnancy were assessed for depression and the heart rate responses of their fetuses to extrinsically applied vibroacoustic stimuli were studied. At 2 months postbirth, infant temperament and cortisol responsivity to immunization were assessed. The association between maternal prenatal depression and fetal responsivity to vibroacoustic stimulation, and infant responsivity to immunization, was U shaped with higher levels of responsivity noted in the offspring of mothers with very high and very low depression scores, and lower levels noted in the offspring of mothers with moderate depression scores. Maternal prenatal depression was not associated with infant temperament. The findings highlight the importance of environmental influences in the developmental origins of neurobehavior, suggesting that such differences, not evident at baseline, may emerge upon exposure to stressors. The study also emphasizes the need for further investigation in low- and middle-income contexts by providing preliminary evidence of the differing patterns of association observed between high- and low-income populations.

Type
Special Issue Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 30 , Special Issue 3: Developmental Origins of Psychopathology: Mechanisms, Processes, and Pathways Linking the Prenatal Environment to Postnatal Outcomes , August 2018 , pp. 725 - 742
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

We are grateful to all the participating mothers and infants for their involvement in the project; the staff of Snehalaya Hospital and the Sisters of Charity of Capitanio and Gerosa for hosting the project; and the team members of the Solur Mother and Baby Project in India and the United Kingdom. This work was funded by the Oxford University Department of Psychiatry; the Child Care Health and Development Trust; and the Ashok Ranganathan Bursary; and by the Clarendon Fund, the Pathak Scholarships, the Harold Hyam Wingate Foundation, and the National Institute for Health Research (through awards to M.F.).

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