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Social origins of self-regulated attention during infancy and their disruption in autism spectrum disorder: Implications for early intervention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2020

Michael S. Gaffrey ,
Sarah Markert  and
Chen Yu
Michael S. Gaffrey*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
Sarah Markert
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
Chen Yu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Michael S. Gaffrey, Ph.D., Duke Early Experience and the Developing Brain Lab, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Campus Box: 90086, Duke University, Durham, NC E-mail: michael.gaffrey@duke.edu.
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Abstract

To understand the complex relationships between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other frequently comorbid conditions, a growing number of studies have investigated the emergence of ASD during infancy. This research has suggested that symptoms of ASD and highly related comorbid conditions emerge from complex interactions between neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities and early environments, indicating that developing treatments to prevent ASD is highly challenging. However, it also suggests that attenuating the negative effects of ASD on future development once identified is possible. The present paper builds on this by conceptualizing developmental delays in nonsocial skills as the potential product of altered caregiver–infant interactions following the emergence of ASD during infancy. And, following emerging findings from caregiver–infant dyadic head-mounted eye-tracking (D-ET) research, it also suggests that a multiple pathway model of joint attention can provide mechanistic insights into how ASD alters the ability of caregiver and infant to create a context for infant learning. The potential for this view to inform early intervention is further discussed and illustrated through D-ET data collected prior to and following a brief, parent-mediated intervention for infant ASD. While promising, further research informing how a multiple pathway model of joint attention can inform ASD early intervention is needed.

Keywords

autismautism spectrum disordereye trackinginfantjoint attention
Type
Special Section Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 32 , Special Issue 4: Conceptualizing and Interrogating Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Developmental Psychopathology Framework , October 2020 , pp. 1362 - 1374
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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