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Exposure to maternal pre- and postnatal depression and anxiety symptoms: Risk for major depression, anxiety disorders, and conduct disorder in adolescent offspring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 November 2013

Cristie Glasheen ,
Gale A. Richardson ,
Kevin H. Kim ,
Cynthia A. Larkby ,
Holly A. Swartz  and
Nancy L. Day
Cristie Glasheen*
Affiliation:
RTI International
Gale A. Richardson
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Kevin H. Kim
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Education
Cynthia A. Larkby
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Holly A. Swartz
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Nancy L. Day
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Cristie Glasheen, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; E-mail: cglasheen@rti.org.
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Abstract

This study evaluated whether exposure to maternal pre- or postnatal depression or anxiety symptoms predicted psychopathology in adolescent offspring. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify trajectories of pre- and postnatal depression and anxiety symptoms in 577 women of low socioeconomic status selected from a prenatal clinic. Logistic regression models indicated that maternal pre- and postnatal depression trajectory exposure was not associated with offspring major depression, anxiety, or conduct disorder, but exposure to the high depression trajectory was associated with lower anxiety symptoms in males. Exposure to medium and high pre- and postnatal anxiety was associated with the risk of conduct disorder among offspring. Male offspring exposed to medium and high pre- and postnatal anxiety had higher odds of conduct disorder than did males with low exposure levels. Females exposed to medium or high pre- and postnatal anxiety were less likely to meet conduct disorder criteria than were females with lower exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of pre- and postnatal anxiety trajectories on the risk of conduct disorder in offspring. These results suggest new directions for investigating the etiology of conduct disorder with a novel target for intervention.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 25 , Issue 4pt1 , November 2013 , pp. 1045 - 1063
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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