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The role of bicultural adaptation, familism, and family conflict in Mexican American adolescents’ cortisol reactivity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2018

Nancy A. Gonzales ,
Megan Johnson ,
Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff ,
Jenn-Yun Tein ,
Brenda Eskenazi  and
Julianna Deardorff
Nancy A. Gonzales*
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
Megan Johnson
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health
Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff
Affiliation:
Iowa State University
Jenn-Yun Tein
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
Brenda Eskenazi
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health
Julianna Deardorff
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Nancy Gonzales, Arizona State UniversityPsychology Department, 950 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104; E-mail: nancy.gonzales@asu.edu.
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Abstract

Scarce research has examined stress responsivity among Latino youths, and no studies have focused on the role of acculturation in shaping cortisol stress response in this population. This study assessed Mexican American adolescents’ Mexican and Anglo cultural orientations and examined prospective associations between their patterns of bicultural orientation and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal cortisol reactivity to an adapted Trier Social Stress Test. The sample included 264 youths from a longitudinal birth cohort study who completed the Trier Social Stress Test and provided saliva samples at age 14. The youths completed assessments of cultural orientation at age 12, and family conflict and familism at age 14. Analyses testing the interactive effects of Anglo and Mexican orientation showed significant associations with cortisol responsivity, including the reactivity slope, peak levels, and recovery, but these associations were not mediated by family conflict nor familism values. Findings revealed that bicultural youth (high on both Anglo and Mexican orientations) showed an expected pattern of high cortisol responsivity, which may be adaptive in the context of a strong acute stressor, whereas individuals endorsing only high levels of Anglo orientation had a blunted cortisol response. Findings are discussed in relation to research on biculturalism and the trade-offs and potential recalibration of a contextually responsive hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis for acculturating adolescents.

Type
Special Issue Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 30 , Special Issue 5: Cultural Development and Psychopathology , December 2018 , pp. 1571 - 1587
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

The authors would like to thank the parents and adolescents who participated in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study. The authors would also like to acknowledge the National Institute of Drug Abuse Grant 1R01DA035300, the United States Environmental Protection Agency Grant RD83451301, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Grants P01 ES009605 and R01 ES017054.

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