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Les arguments de Zénon d’après le Parménide de Platon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2014

MATHIEU MARION
MATHIEU MARION*
Affiliation:
Université du Québec à Montréal
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Abstract

After presenting the rules of Eleatic antilogic, i.e., dialectic, I argue that Zeno was a practitioner, and, on the basis of key passages from Plato’s Parmenides (127e-128e and 135d-136c), that his paradoxes of divisibility and movement were not reductio ad absurdum, but simple derivation of impossibilities (adunaton) meant to ridicule Parmenides’ adversaries. Thus, Zeno did not try to prove that there is no motion, but simply derived this consequence from premises held by his opponents. I argue further that these paradoxes were devised, in accordance with Eleatic antilogic, following a scheme that included hypotheses and their contradictories, within which the subject is to be treated both “in relation to itself,” and “in relation to other things”.

Après avoir présenté les règles de l’antilogique (ou dialectique) éléatique, je soutiens que Zénon pratiquait celle-ci et, à partir de l’étude de passages du Parménide de Platon (127e-128e et 135d-136c), que ses paradoxes sur la divisibilité et le mouvement ne sont pas des réfutations par l’absurde, mais plutôt de simples dérivations d’impossibilités (adunaton) employées pour ridiculiser les adversaires de Parménide. Zénon ne cherchait donc pas à prouver l’inexistence du mouvement, mais simplement à l’inférer des prémisses de ses adversaires. Je montre en outre que ces paradoxes sont conçus, conformément à la tradition de l’antilogique éléatique, à partir d’hypothèses et de leurs contradictoires, où le sujet est traité par «rapport à lui-même» et «en relation avec les autres choses».

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Dialogue: Canadian Philosophical Review / Revue canadienne de philosophie , Volume 53 , Issue 3: Special Issue. Plato’s Parmenides, Origins and Aporias of a Dialogue on the One / Numéro spécial. Le Parménide de Platon, les origines et les impasses d’un dialogue sur l’un , September 2014 , pp. 393 - 434
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Copyright © Canadian Philosophical Association 2014 

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