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Panorama of Ethnology 1950-1952

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 July 2024

Claude Lévi-Strauss
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Extract

A panorama of ethnological studies during the last two or three years must cover considerations as apparently remote as the margin of error in estimating the age of radio-active elements on the one hand and, on the other, the question of whether ethnology originates from the sciences of Man or the sciences of Nature. This widening of the scope of ethnological studies is matched by the widening of public interest in ethnological problems, or, to put it more precisely, in problems presented in the terms and by the aid of ethnological formulae. It should be noted, moreover, that also the traditional domain of ethnology is in a process of expansion, stretching from the study of the so-called savage or primitive social forms, without hesitating any longer, to the field of modern society and its most complex activities.

Type
Research Article
Information
Diogenes , Volume 1 , Issue 2 , March 1953 , pp. 69 - 92
Copyright
Copyright © 1953 Fédération Internationale des Sociétés de Philosophie / International Federation of Philosophical Societies (FISP)

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References

1 cf. Radiocarbon Dating. Assembled by F. Johnston. American Antiquity, XVII, I, 2, 1951.

2 New York: Viking Fund, 1949.

3 Maya Hieroglyphic Writing: Introduction. Publ. No. 589. Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1950.

4 cf. W. C. Bennett, ‘A Reappraisal of Peruvian Archaeology'. American Antiquity, XIII, 4, 2, 1948; cf. also W. C. Bennett and J. B. Bird, Andean Culture and History. New York, 1949.

5 Bibliographie des Langues Aymara et Kivcua, Vol. I. Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie, 1951.

6 cf. G. F. Carter, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, VI, 2, 1950; C. R. Stoner and E. Anderson, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 39, 1949.

7 T. Heyerdahl, The American Indians in the Pacific. Stockholm, 1950.

8 cf. H. Larsen and F. Rainey, ‘Ipiutak and the Arctic Whale Hunting Culture', Anthrop. Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, 42, 1948.

9 Journal of the Society of Americanists, 39, 1950.

10 cf. S. Zuckerman in Nature, Nos. 165 and 166, 1950.

11 'The Lower Paleolithic Cultures of Southern and Eastern Asia', Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 38, 4, 1949.

12 Journal de la Societé des Océanistes, VI, 1950.

13 Archaeological Excavations in Fiji. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.

14 Bureau of American Ethnology.

15 'Bollingen Series'. New York: Pantheon, 1950.

16 Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1950.

17 Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1950.

18 Bulletin 144, Bureau of American Ethnology, 1951.

19 Mexico City: Universidad Nacional, 1951.

20 The Muria and Their Ghotul: Myths of Middle India. Oxford University Press, 1947, 1949.

21 The Raj Gonds of Adilabad, Vol. I. London-New York: Macmillan, 1948.

22 c£ E. R. Leach, ‘Jinghpaw Kinship Terminology', Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 1950.

23 Lamet, Hill Peasants in French Indo-China. Goteburg, 1951.

24 Die Drei Ströme. Züge aus dem geistigen und religiösen Leben der Wemale, einem Primitiv-Volk in den Molukken. Frankfurt am Main, 1948.

25 Mythos und Kult bei Naturvölkern. Wiesbaden, 1951.

26 Minangkabau and Negri Sembilan Socio-political Structure in Indonesia. Leyden, 1951.

27 Transformation Scene. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1951.

28 cf. the writings of H. G. Barnett on Palau, published by the University of Oregon in 1949; of A. Spoehr on the Marshall and Gilbert Isles (Chicago Museum of Natural History, 1949), and of W. H. Goodenough on Truk (Yale University Publications in Anthropology, 46, 1951).

29 Women's Changing Ceremonies in North Australia. Paris: L'Home, 1950; Kunapipi, A Study of an Australian Aboriginal Cult. Melbourne: Cheshire, 1951; Sexual Behaviour in Western Arnhem Land. New York, 1951. To these must be added numerous articles and other works actually in the press.

30 Journal of American Folklore, No. 252, 1951.

31 The Soviet Linguistic Controversy. King's Crown Press, 1951.

32 Among recent contributions to anthropology from the Soviet Union, published there or elsewhere, we should like to mention the work of V. N. Tcheretsov, D. A. Olderogge, A. Kondaurov, F. D. Gourevich, all of which was published between 1946 and 1950 in specialised Soviet journals; mention should further be made of the important study of R. Jakobson, ‘Slavic Mythology', in Funk and Wagnall's Standard Dictionary of Folklore (New York, 1950); the Atlas to the Prehistory of the Slavs, by K. Jazdzewski (2 volumes, Acta Praehistorica, I, Lodz, 1948-49); and, finally, the monograph of Th. Chodzilo, Die Familie bei den Jakuten (‘Internationale Schriftenreihe für Soziale und Politische Wissen schaften'. Freiburg, 1951).

33 Oxford University Press, 1950.

34 Oxford University Press, 1950.

35 The Web of Kinship Among the Tallensi. Oxford University Press, 1950.

36 Making a Living in the Marbial Valley, Haiti. Paris: UNESCO, 1951.

37 Excavations at the Njoro River. Oxford University Press, 1950.

38 Upsala, 1950.

39 Essay on the Bambara Religion. Paris, 1951.

40 La Langue secrète des Dogons. Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie, 1948.

41 The principal ones are: A. L. Kroeber, Anthropology, 2nd ed., 1948; M. L. Herskovits, Man and His Works, New York, 1948; R. H. Lowie, Social Organization, New York, 1948; S. F. Nadel, The Foundations of Social Anthropology, London, 1951; R. Firth, Elements of Social Organization, London, 1951; and K. Birket-Smith, Geschichte der Kultur, Zürich, 1948.

42 Sociology and Anthropology. Paris, 1950.

43 Published by the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1951.

44 Social Structure, a Collection of Essays Compiled by M. Fortes in Honour of A. R. Radcliffe Brown. Oxford University Press, 1949; cf. also two other works, appearing the same year, both aiming at the formation of a general theory of kinship: Social Structure, by G. P. Murdock, New York, 1949; and Les Structures élémentaires de la parenté, by the present writer, Paris, 1949.

45 cf. ‘Language and the Analysis of Social Laws', American Anthropologist, 53, 2, 1951.

46 Psychoanalysis and Anthropology, by G. Roheim. New York, 1950; Psychoanalysis and Culture: Essays in Honor of Geza Roheim. New York, 1951; Reality and Dream, by George Devereux. New York, 1951.

47 Childhood and Society. New York, 1951.

48 Child Problems Among the Arabs: Studies in a Muhammedan Village in Palestine. Helsingfors-Copenhagen, 1950. Two volumes were published previously.

49 Soviet Attitudes toward Authority, by M. Mead. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1951.

50 Clyde Kluckhohn and H. A. Murray, editors. New York: Harvard University Press and A. A. Knopf, 1949.

51 Social Anthropology. London, 1951.

52 cf., e.g., Races, A Study of the Problems of Race Formation in Man, by C. S. Coon, S. M. Garn, and J. B. Birdsell. Springfield: C. C. Thomas, 1950; Genetics and the Races of Man, by W. C. Boyd. Boston: Little Brown, 1950.

53 The Science of Culture. New York: Farrar, Straus and Co., 1949.

54 Firth, loc. cit.

55 cf. Daryll Forde, ‘The Integration of Anthropological Studies', Journal of the Royal Anthro pological Institute, LXXIII, parts 1-2, 1948.

56 L'Héritage Indo-Européen à Rome. Paris, 1949.

57 Pierre Auger, L'Homme microscopique. Paris, 1952.

58 cf. in this respect, N. S. Troubetskoy, Grundzugc der Phonologie, published, in French trans lation, with some important additions by R. Jakobson, in 1949; E. Benveniste, Noms d'agent et noms d'action en Indo-européen, Paris, 1948; Zellig S. Harris, Methods in Structural Linguistics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.

59 cf. J. von Neumann and O. Morgenstern, Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, Princeton, 1944; N. Wiener, Cybernetics, Paris/New York, 1948; C. Shannon and W. Weaver, The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana: The University of Illinois, 1949; Colloque sur la Cybernétique, edited by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, under the chairmanship of Louis de Broglie. Paris, 1951.

60 'Technical Report' No. 13. Boston: Institute of Technology, 1952.

61 cf., for example, A. Schaeffner, Une socíété noire et ses instruments de musique. Paris: L'Homme, 1951. His observations seem to contradict those ofJ. F. Carrington, as expounded in ‘A Com parative Study of Some Central African Gong Languages', Institut Royal Colonial Belge, Sciences morales et politiques, Mem. xviii, 3, 1949.

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